Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence

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Thomas of Lancaster
Duke of Clarence
Spouse	Margaret Holland
Father	Henry IV Bolingbroke, King of England
Mother	Mary de Bohun
Born	1387 probably London
Died	22 March 1421 Battle of Baugé, France
Burial	Canterbury Cathedral, Kent

Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence (1387 – 22 March 1421) was the second son of King Henry IV of England and his first wife, Mary de Bohun. He was born before 25 November 1387 as on that date his father's accounts note a payment made to a woman described as his nurse.^[1] Sandals and clothes were bought for him early in 1388, so the traditional birth date of 29 September 1388 may be safely discounted.

Thomas married Lady Margaret Holland, widow of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset and daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent in November or December of 1411. No children were born from this union, though Thomas was stepfather to her six children from her first marriage. He had, however, a natural son, Sir John Clarence, called "Bastard of Clarence" who fought by his father's side in France.

Thomas fought in the Siege of Rouen (July 1418 - 19 January 1419), where he commanded the sieging force; and in the Battle of Baugé on 22 March 1421. He was killed, by Sir Alexander Buchanan or Sir John de la Croise, during the latter. His natural son John accompanied the remains of his gallant father from Baugé to Canterbury for their interment. This Sir John Clarence had a grant of lands in Ireland from King Henry V and was buried in Canterbury Cathedral. The noble de Langlée family of France claimed him for their ultimate ancestor.

Contents 1 Titles, styles, honours and arms 1.1 Titles and styles 1.2 Honours 1.2.1 Offices held 1.3 Arms 2 Ancestry 3 References

[edit] Titles, styles, honours and arms

[edit] Titles and styles

English Royalty
House of Lancaster
Armorial of Plantagenet
Henry IV
Henry V
John, Duke of Bedford
Thomas, Duke of Clarence
Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester

• Duke of Clarence (9 July 1412 – 22 March 1421); extinct upon his death until the Third Creation of it in (1461)
• 1st Earl of Aumale (9 July 1412 – 22 March 1421); extinct upon his death

[edit] Honours

• Knight, Order of the Bath (12 October 1399 – 22 March 1421)
• Knight, Order of the Garter (1400 - 22 March 1421)

[edit] Offices held

• Lord High Steward of England (1399-1421) - he was the last permanent holder of this office, the highest in medieval England.
• Chief Governor of Ireland (1401-1413)
• Lord High Admiral (1405-1406)
• Lieutenant of Aquitaine (1412-1413)
• Lord High Steward of Chester (1415)
• Constable of the Army (1417)
• Lieutenant-General of the Army in France and Normandy (1417 and 1421)

[edit] Arms

Sources conflict as to Thomas' arms — as a son of the soveregn, Thomas bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by either:

a label of three points ermine.^[2]

a label of three points ermine, each cantoned gules, as depicted in the above image.

[edit] Ancestry

v • d • e Ancestors of Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence

16. Edward II of England               8. Edward III of England                       17. Isabella of France               4. John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster                             18. William I, Count of Hainaut               9. Philippa of Hainault                       19. Joan of Valois               2. Henry IV of England                                   20. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster               10. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster                       21. Maud Chaworth               5. Blanche of Lancaster                             22. Henry de Beaumont               11. Isabel de Beaumont                       23. Alice Comyn               1. Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence                                         24. Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford               12. William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton                       25. Elizabeth of Rhuddlan               6. Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford                             26. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere               13. Elizabeth de Badlesmere                       27. Margaret de Clare               3. Mary de Bohun                                   28. Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel               14. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel                       29. Alice de Warenne               7. Joan FitzAlan                             30. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20)               15. Eleanor of Lancaster                       31. Maud Chaworth (= 21)

[edit] References

• Weir, Alison (2002). Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy. The Bodley Head London, U.K.. ISBN 0-7126-4286-2.  pages 102 & 123
• Cokayne, G.E. (2000). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant. Alan Sutton.  Vol I pg 368, Vol III pg 258 & 259

1. ^ Ian Mortimer, Fears of Henry IV (2007), p. 372)
2. ^ Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family

Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence House of Lancaster Born: 1388 1421
English royalty
Preceded by Henry of Monmouth, Prince of Wales	Heir to the English Throne as heir presumptive 20 March 1413 – 22 March 1421	Succeeded by John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford
Political offices
Preceded by The Duke of Lancaster	Lord High Steward 1399–1421	End of permanent office
Peerage of England
New creation	Duke of Clarence Earl of Albemarle 1412–1421	Extinct

v • d • e Dukes of Clarence Lionel of Antwerp (1362–1368) · Thomas of Lancaster (1412–1421) · George Plantagenet (1461–1478) · William IV (1789–1830) · Prince Albert Victor (1890–1892)

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