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Suggest pagesTime in Russia
| UTC+03:00 | MSK−1: Kaliningrad Time | |
| UTC+04:00 | MSK: Moscow Time | |
| UTC+06:00 | MSK+2: Yekaterinburg Time | |
| UTC+07:00 | MSK+3: Omsk Time | |
| UTC+08:00 | MSK+4: Krasnoyarsk Time | |
| UTC+09:00 | MSK+5: Irkutsk Time | |
| UTC+10:00 | MSK+6: Yakutsk Time | |
| UTC+11:00 | MSK+7: Vladivostok Time | |
| UTC+12:00 | MSK+8: Magadan Time |
There are nine time zones in Russia, which currently observe times ranging from UTC+03:00 to UTC+12:00. UTC+05:00 is not used.
Contents |
[edit] List of zones
Since March 2011, the time zones are as follows:
[edit] Daylight saving time
Daylight saving time in Russia was originally introduced on July 1, 1917 by a decree of the Russian Provisional Government. However, it was abandoned by a Decree of the Soviet government five months later.
Daylight saving time was reintroduced in the USSR on April 1, 1981, by a decision of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Daylight saving time began on the 1st of April and ended on the 1st of October each year, until mid-1984, when the USSR began following European daylight saving time rules, moving clocks forward one hour at 02:00 local winter time on the last Sunday in March, and back one hour at 03:00 local daylight time on the last Sunday in September until 1995, after which the change back occurred on the last Sunday in October. The usage of daylight saving time continued after the Soviet collapse but ended in 2011, when Russia stopped observing daylight saving time.
On February 8, 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev issued a decree that Russia would observe year-round DST. Under the decree, all clocks in Russia were advanced one hour on 27 March 2011 as usual, but are not to change back the following October, effectively making Moscow Time UTC+4 permanently.[1] Since this reform, most Russian territories have a standard time ahead of mean solar time, including time in some cites ahead it even by two hours. For example, St. Petersburg at 30°E (+2.0 h solar time) has UTC+4, Yekaterinburg at 60°E (+4.0 h) has UTC+6, and Vladivostok at 132°E (+8.8 h) has UTC+11.
[edit] History of zone boundaries
In the Russian Empire, most of the nation observed solar time. During the late 19th century, Moscow Mean Time was introduced, originally at UTC+02:30. However, when the Soviet Union was created, Moscow Time became UTC+02 and the various other time zones were introduced throughout Russia and the rest of the Soviet Union. On June 21, 1930, the Soviet Union advanced all clocks by one hour, effectively making the nation run on daylight saving time all year. Russia and most republics in the Soviet Union turned their clocks back one hour on March 31, 1991, but Russia reversed this the following year.
In 1992, the Government of Russia issued a resolution establishing the borders of the eleven time zones dividing the country's territory.[2] During the following years, various clauses of the resolution were superseded by other laws, re-assigning various federal subjects to different time zones.
The only federal subjects to be in more than one time zone are the Sakha Republic, which is separated into areas which belong to the Yakutsk, Vladivostok and Magadan time zones, and Sakhalin Oblast, which is in the Vladivostok (Sakhalin Island, and the two westernmost districts in the Kuril Islands) and Magadan time zones (Severo-Kurilsky District in the Kuril Islands).
In November 2009, President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev proposed reducing the number of time zones spanning the country,[3] as well as the abolition of daylight saving time.
[edit] 1993 zone boundary changes
On 23 may 1993 00:00:00, Novosibirsk Oblast changed its time zone from MSK+4 to MSK+3. So the hour 22 May 23:00 to 24:00 existed twice.[4]
The change occurred during DST effectively changing the offset from UTC+8 to UTC+7, the offset without DST was therefore changed from UTC+7 to UTC+6.
[edit] 1995 zone boundary changes
In 1995, Altai Krai changed its time zone from MSK+4 to MSK+3.
[edit] 2002 zone boundary changes
In 2002, Tomsk Oblast changed its time zone from MSK+4 to MSK+3.[5][6][7]
[edit] 2010 zone boundary changes
On March 28, 2010, the following changes were introduced, which, in particular, led to abolition of two of the eleven time zones.
- The Udmurt Republic and Samara Oblast started using Moscow Time, thus eliminating Samara Time (MSK+1 or UTC+4 without DST).[8][9]
- Kemerovo Oblast started using Omsk Time.[10]
- Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and Kamchatka Krai started using Magadan Time, thus eliminating Kamchatka Time (MSK+9 or UTC+12 without DST).[11]
Although the Russian government wants to reduce the number of time zones even further, there have been protests in far-eastern Russia on the recent changes, including protests and a 20,000-strong petition in support of Kamchatka returning to UTC+12.[12]
[edit] 2011 zone boundary changes
The decree No. 725 [13] (31 August 2011) defines Moscow Time and lists the zones, numbered 1 to 9 and in turn defined relative to Moscow Time. The offsets from UTC are altered, the reference zone, Moscow Time Zone, now uses UTC+04:00. This is similar to the 1930 USSR reform with decree time coming into operation.
As a result some districts of the Sakha Republic switched from Vladivostok Time to Yakutsk Time (Zone 7):
Some districts switched from Magadan Time to Vladivostok Time:
- Oymyakonsky District (Sakha Republic)
- Kurilsky District and Yuzhno-Kurilsky District (Sakhalin Oblast)
-
2010-04-01 (with DST)
-
2011-09-01 ("permanent DST")
Blue Yakutsk Time (MSK+6), pink Vladivostok Time (MSK+7), red Magadan Time (MSK+8).
[edit] Railway time
All timetables on Russian Railways (except Kaliningrad and Sakhalin railways) follow Moscow Time.[14] Airports however follow local time.[15]
[edit] Tz database
[edit] List of zones
The list below shows the 16 zones for Russia as defined in the file zone.tab of the tz database. The tz database aims to identify regions that had the same time offset rules since 1970.
Two federal subjects are contained in more than one tz zone. The Sakha Republic is divided into three: west, central, east. Sakhalin Oblast is divided into two: Sakhalin Island with Kurilsky and Yuzhno-Kurilsky districts in the Kuril Islands, and Severo-Kurilsky District in the Kuril Islands.
Two zones, namely Asia/Omsk and Asia/Novosibirsk, each cover area that did not observe the same rule set since 1970, all now using Omsk Time.
On last Sunday in October daylight-saving time will end in tzdata[dated info] but at the same time all zones will move forward one hour.
If available the change column lists the offset changes that caused a creation of a new zone in the tz database.
"Initial zone" means that already in 1970 there was a difference in time offset from the offsets in any other zone.
| C.c. | Coordinates | tzid | Comments | UTC offset (without DST, permanent since 2011) | Covered area | Split from | Changes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU | +5443+02030 | Europe/Kaliningrad | Moscow-01 - Kaliningrad | +02:00 | Kaliningrad Oblast. | Initial zone. | |
| RU | +5545+03735 | Europe/Moscow | Moscow+00 - west Russia | +03:00 | Most of European Russia. Complete list given here. | Initial zone. | |
| RU | +4844+04425 | Europe/Volgograd | Moscow+00 - Caspian Sea | +03:00 | Kirov Oblast, Saratov Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, and Astrakhan Oblast. | Europe/Samara | 1992-03-29 zone creation causing change from UTC+04 to UTC+03. |
| RU | +5312+05009 | Europe/Samara | Moscow+00 - Samara, Udmurtia | +03:00 | Samara Oblast and Udmurtia. | Initial zone. | 2010-03-28 change from UTC+04 to UTC+03. |
| RU | +5651+06036 | Asia/Yekaterinburg | Moscow+02 - Urals | +05:00 | Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Khantia-Mansia, Kurgan Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Perm Krai, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Tyumen Oblast, and Yamalia. | Initial zone. | |
| RU | +5500+07324 | Asia/Omsk | Moscow+03 - west Siberia | +06:00 | Altai Krai, Altai Republic, and Omsk Oblast. |
|
|
| RU | +5502+08255 | Asia/Novosibirsk | Moscow+03 - Novosibirsk | +06:00 | Novosibirsk Oblast and Tomsk Oblast. | ||
| RU | +5345+08707 | Asia/Novokuznetsk | Moscow+03 - Novokuznetsk | +07:00 | Kemerovo Oblast. | Asia/Novosibirsk | 2010-03-28 Zone creation causing change from Krasnoyarsk Time to Novosibirsk Time [16] |
| RU | +5601+09250 | Asia/Krasnoyarsk | Moscow+04 - Yenisei River | +07:00 | Khakassia, Krasnoyarsk Krai, and Tuva Republic. | ||
| RU | +5216+10420 | Asia/Irkutsk | Moscow+04 - Lake Baikal | +08:00 | Irkutsk Oblast and Buryatia. | ||
| RU | +6200+12940 | Asia/Yakutsk | Moscow+06 - Lena River | +09:00 | Amur Oblast, Zabaykalsky Krai, and western Sakha Republic. | ||
| RU | +4310+13156 | Asia/Vladivostok | Moscow+07 - Amur River | +10:00 | Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai, and central Sakha Republic. | Initial zone. | |
| RU | +4658+14242 | Asia/Sakhalin | Moscow+07 - Sakhalin Island | +10:00 | Sakhalin Island, and western Kuril Islands. | Asia/Magadan | 1997-03-30 Zone creation causing change from UTC+11 to UTC+10. |
| RU | +5934+15048 | Asia/Magadan | Moscow+08 - Magadan | +11:00 | Magadan Oblast, eastern Kuril Islands, and eastern Sakha Republic. | ||
| RU | +5301+15839 | Asia/Kamchatka | Moscow+08 - Kamchatka | +11:00 | Kamchatka Krai. | Initial zone. | 2010-03-28 change from UTC+12 to UTC+11. |
| RU | +6445+17729 | Asia/Anadyr | Moscow+08 - Bering Sea | +11:00 | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. | Initial zone. | 1982-04-01 changed from UTC+13 to UTC+12, 2010-03-28 from UTC+12 to UTC+11. |
[edit] Deleted zones
Asia/Ulan_Ude was a time zone identifier from the zone file of the tz database. The reference point was Ulan-Ude. It was added in 2011e.[17] Edition 2011i did not contain it anymore. The area remained at Asia/Irkutsk. The contained data in zone.tab was:
RU +5150+10736 Asia/Ulan_Ude Moscow+05 - Buryatia
The covered area was Republic of Buryatia.
[edit] Federal subjects with multiple offsets at the same time
Per law of 2011 [18] the territories of Sakhalin Oblast and Sakha Republic each observe more than one offset.
Sakha Republic:
- UTC+10 MSK+6 Asia/Yakutsk
- UTC+11 MSK+7 Asia/Vladivostok
- UTC+12 MSK+8 Asia/Magadan
Sakhalin Oblast:
- UTC+11 MSK+7 All except Severo-Kurilsky District in the Kuril Islands ~ Asia/Sakhalin
- UTC+12 MSK+8 Severo-Kurilsky District in the Kuril Islands ~ Asia/Magadan
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "Медведев отменил зимнее время". Lenta.ru. 8 February 2011. http://lenta.ru/news/2011/02/08/zimynebudet/. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №23 от 8 января 1992 г. «О порядке исчисления времени на территории Российской Федерации». (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #23 of January 8, 1992 On the Procedures of Keeping Time on the Territory of the Russian Federation. ).
- ^ "Russian president Dmitry Medvedev wants to cut 11 time zones.". BBC News. 15 November 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8357630.stm.
- ^ http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=375&year=1993
- ^ a b http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/3626/match=asia+tomsk
- ^ a b http://newsru.com/russia/01may2002/clock.html
- ^ a b http://www.timegenie.com/state.time/rutom
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №166 от 17 марта 2010 г. «О применении на территории Удмуртской Республики времени второго часового пояса». Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №58, 22 марта 2010 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #166 of March 17, 2010 On Using the Time of the Second Time Zone on the Territory of the Udmurt Republic. ).
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №170 от 19 марта 2010 г. «О применении на территории Самарской области времени второго часового пояса». Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №58, 22 марта 2010 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #170 of March 19, 2010 On Using the Time of the Second Time Zone on the Territory of Samara Oblast. ).
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №740 от 14 сентября 2009 г. «О применении на территории Кемеровской области времени пятого часового пояса». (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #740 of September 14, 2009 On Using the Time of the Fifth Time Zone on the Territory of Kemerovo Oblast. ).
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №171 от 19 марта 2010 г. «О применении на территории Камчатского края и Чукотского автономного округа времени десятого часового пояса». Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №58, 22 марта 2010 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #171 of March 19, 2010 On Using the Time of the Tenth Time Zone on the Territory of Kamchatka Krai and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. ).
- ^ "Thousands Protest Time Zone Changes in Russia". 2010-12-13. http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/russia-protest-timezones.html. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
- ^ http://www.garant.ru/hotlaw/federal/346568/
- ^ Russian Railways - Time tables
- ^ for example http://www.iktport.ru/
- ^ http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/2955/match=novokuznetsk
- ^ http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.time.tz/3683/match=asia+ulan_ude
- ^ "Постановление от 31 августа 2011 г. №725" (in Russian). Government.ru. http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Time zones of Russia |
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Wikinews has related news: Russia removes two timezones |
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