Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology
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Timeline of temperature and pressure measurement technology A history of temperature measurement and pressure measurement technology.
Contents |
[edit] Timeline
[edit] 800s
- 800s — Differential pressure controls developed by the Banū Mūsā brothers.[1]
[edit] 1000s
- 1000s — Abū Alī ibn Sīnā (Avicenna) develops an early air thermometer which can measure the level of water controlled by the expansion and contraction of the air.[2][3]
[edit] 1400s
- 1450 — Leone Battista Alberti developed a swinging-plate anemometer.
[edit] 1500s
- 1592- 1593 — Galileo Galilei builds an early Galileo thermometer, known as the thermoscope using the contraction of air to draw water up a tube.[4]
[edit] 1600s
- 1612 — Santorio Sanctorius puts thermometer to medical use
- 1617 — Giuseppe Biancani published the first clear diagram of a thermoscope
- 1624 — The word thermometer (in its French form) first appeared in La Récréation Mathématique by J. Leurechon, who describes one with a scale of 8 degrees[5].
- 1629 — Joseph Solomon Delmedigo describes in a book an accurate sealed-glass thermometer which uses brandy
- 1638 — Robert Fludd the first thermoscope showing a scale and thus constituting a thermometer.
- 1643 — Evangelista Torricelli invents the mercury barometer
- 1654 — Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, made sealed tubes part filled with alcohol, with a bulb and stem, the first modern-style thermometer, depending on the expansion of a liquid, and independent of air pressure[6].
- 1661 — Christiaan Huygens built the U-tube [7].
- 1667 — Robert Hooke builds another type of anemometer, called a pressure-plate anemometer.[8]
- 1695 — Guillaume Amontons improved the thermometer
[edit] 1700s
- 1701 — Ole Christensen Røemer made one of the first practical thermometers. As a temperature indicator it used red wine. (Rømer scale), The temperature scale used for his thermometer had 0 representing the temperature of a salt and ice mixture (at about 259 K).
- 1709 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit constructed an alcohol thermometer
- 1714 — Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the mercury-in-glass thermometer
- 1731 — René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur the Réaumur scale, On this scale 0 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K) and 80 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
- 1738 — Daniel Bernoulli asserted in Hydrodynamica the principle that as the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure within the fluid decreases. (Kinetic theory)
- 1742 — Anders Celsius created an inverted centigrade or Celsius temperature scale in which 100 represented the freezing point (273.15 K) and 0 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
- 1744 — Carl Linnaeus suggested reversing the temperature scale of Anders Celsius so that 0 represented the freezing point of water (273.15 K) and 100 represented the boiling point (373.15 K).
- 1782 — James Six invents the Maximum minimum thermometer
[edit] 1800s
- 1821 — Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple
- 1843 — Lucien Vidi invents the Barograph, an aneroid barometer
- 1846 — John Thomas Romney Robinson - Cup anemometer.
- 1848 — Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) - Kelvin scale, in his paper, On an Absolute Thermometric Scale
- 1849 — Eugene Bourdon - Bourdon_gauge (manometer)
- 1849 — Henri Victor Regnault - Hypsometer
- 1864 — Henri Becquerel suggests an optical pyrometer
- 1866 — Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented a clinical thermometer that produced a body temperature reading in five minutes as opposed to twenty.[9]
- 1871 — William Siemens describes the Resistance thermometer at the Bakerian Lecture
- 1874 — H. G. McLeod invents the McLeod gauge
- 1885 — Calender-Van Duesen invented the platinum resistance temperature device
- 1887 — Richard Assmann invents the psychrometer
- 1892 — Henri-Louis Le Châtelier builds the first optical pyrometer
- 1896 — Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch introduced the Sphygmomanometer
[edit] 1900s
- 1906 — Marcello Pirani - Pirani gauge
- 1924 — Irving Langmuir - Langmuir probe
- 1930 — Samuel Ruben invented the thermistor
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Ancient Discoveries, Episode 12: Machines of the East, History Channel, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6gdknoXww8, retrieved on 2008-09-06
- ^ Robert Briffault (1938). The Making of Humanity, p. 191
- ^ Fatima Agha Al-Hayani (2005). "Islam and Science: Contradiction or Concordance", Zygon 40 (3), p. 565-576.
- ^ Vincenzo Viviani (1780) Life of Galileo
- ^ R. P. Benedict (1984) Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed, ISBN 0-471-89383-8 page 4
- ^ R. P. Benedict (1984) Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure, and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed, ISBN 0-471-89383-8 page 4
- ^ [http://www.rsc.org/ej/CS/1998/a827117z.pdf Liquid–liquid equilibria in polymer solutions at negative pressure Pag.2]
- ^
- ^ Sir Thomas Clifford Allbutt, Encyclopædia Britannica
Robert P. Benedict (1984) Fundamentals of Temperature, Pressure and Flow Measurements, 3rd ed ISBN 0-471-89383-8
