Timing (music)
Timing in music refers to the ability to "keep time" accurately and to synchronise to an ensemble[1] as well as "expressive timing" - subtle adjustment of tempo, note or beat duration for aesthetic effect.
Research in music cognition has shown that time as a subjective structuring of events in music differs from the concept of time in physics [2]. Listeners to music do not perceive rhythm on a continuous scale but recognise rhythmic categories that function as a reference relative to which the deviations in timing can be appreciated [3][4]. In fact temporal patterns in music combine two different time scales; rhythmic durations such as half and quarter notes on the one hand, and the continuous timing variations that characterize an expressive musical performance on the other.
[edit] References
- ^ http://dbic.dartmouth.edu/grafton/papers/Janata.pdf
- ^ Michon, J.A. & Jackson, J.L. (1985) Time, Mind, and Behavior. Berlin: Springer
- ^ Clarke, E. F. (1999) Rhythm and Timing in Music, in: Diana Deutsch (ed.), Psychology of Music, second edition, University of California, San Diego, pp.473-500
- ^ Honing, H. (2002) Structure and interpretation of rhythm and timing in Dutch Journal of Music Theory (Tijdschrift voor Muziektheorie). 7(3), 227-232.pdf
