Title

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For other uses, see Title (disambiguation).

A title is a prefix or suffix added to someone's name to signify either veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification. In some languages, titles may even be inserted between a first and last name (for example, Graf in German, Cardinal in Catholic usage or clerical titles such as Archbishop). Some titles are hereditary.

Contents

[edit] Formal social titles

  • Mr - Formal male title
  • Ms - Formal female title
  • Mrs - Formal title for married females
  • Miss - Formal title for unmarried females
For titles adopted by individuals of no defined gender, see Bigender.

[edit] Academic titles

  • Associate
    • AA - Associate of Arts
    • AAS - Associate of Applied Science
    • AS - Associate of Science
  • Bachelor
    • BA – Bachelor of Arts
    • BArch – Bachelor of Architecture
    • BBA – Bachelor of Business Administration
    • B.Des. - Bachelor of Design
    • BEng – Bachelor of Engineering
    • BFA - Bachelor of Fine Arts
    • LLB – Bachelor of Law
    • B.Phil – Bachelor of Philosophy
    • BSc – Bachelor of Science
    • BVSc – Bachelor of Veterinary Science
  • Dean
    • Dean Emeritus
  • Designer [Dz]
  • Doctor
    • DA – Doctor of Arts
    • DBA – Doctor of Business Administration
    • D.D. – Doctor of Divinity
    • Ed.D. – Doctor of Education
    • DFA – Doctor of Fine Arts
    • DMA – Doctor of Musical Arts
    • D.Min. – Doctor of Ministry
    • D.Mus. – Doctor of Music
    • D.Prof – Doctor of Professional Studies
    • DPA – Doctor of Public Administration
    • D.Sc. – Doctor of Science
    • JD – Doctor of Jurisprudence
    • LL.D – Doctor of Laws
    • MD – Doctor of Medicine
    • Pharm.D. – Doctor of Pharmacy
    • Ph.D. / D.Phil. – Doctor of Philosophy
    • PsyD – Doctor of Psychology
    • Th.D. – Doctor of Theology
    • Doctorates within the field of medicine:
  • Master
    • MArch – Master of Architecture
    • MA – Master of Arts
    • MAL – Master of Liberal Arts
    • MBA – Master of Business Administration
    • MPA – Master of Public Administration
    • MPS - Master of Public Service
    • MPl – Master of Planning
    • MChem – Master in Chemistry
    • MC - Master of Counselling
    • M. Des - Master of Design
    • MDiv – Master of Divinity
    • MEd – Master of Education
    • MEng – Master of Engineering
    • MFA – Master of Fine Arts
    • MHA - Master of Healthcare Administration
    • LL.M – Master of Law
    • MLA - Master of Landscape Architecture
    • MMath – Master of Mathematics
    • MPhil – Master of Philosophy
    • MRes – Master of Research
    • MSc – Master of Science
    • MPhys – Master of Physics
    • MPharm - Master of Pharmacy
    • MSE – Master of Science in Engineering
    • MSRE – Master of Science in Real Estate
    • MSW - Master of Social Work
    • Magister – Magister
    • ThM – Master of Theology
    • MURP – Master of Urban and Regional Planning

[edit] Professional titles

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[edit] Ecclesiastical titles

[edit] Devotional titles

[edit] Titles for heads of state and other leaders

[edit] Elected or popularly proclaimed

[edit] Hereditary

Male version Female version Realm Adjective Latin Examples
Emperor Empress Empire Imperial

Imperial and Royal (Austria)		 Imperator (Imperatrix) Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Ottoman Empire, Holy Roman Empire, Russia , First and Second French Empire, Austria, Mexico, Brazil, German Empire (none left in Europe after 1918), Empress of India (ceased to be used after 1947 when India was granted independence from the British Empire), Japan (the only remaining enthroned emperor in the world).
King Queen Kingdom Royal Rex (Regina) Common in larger sovereign states
Viceroy Vicereine Viceroyalty Viceroyal Proconsul Historical: Spanish Empire (Peru, New Spain, Rio de la Plata, New Granada), Portuguese Empire, (India, Brazil), British Empire
Grand Duke Grand Duchess Grand duchy Grand Ducal Magnus Dux Today: Luxembourg; historical: Lithuania, Baden, Finland, Tuscany et al.
Archduke Archduchess Archduchy Archducal Arci Dux Historical: Unique only in Austria, Archduchy of Austria; title used for member of the Habsburg dynasty
Prince Princess Principality, Princely state Princely Princeps Today: Monaco, Liechtenstein, Wales;[1] Andorra (Co-Princes). Historical: Albania, Serbia
Duke Duchess Duchy Ducal Dux There are none left currently. Historical examples include Normandy.
Count Countess County Comital Comes Most common in the Holy Roman Empire, translated in German as Graf; historical: Barcelona, Brandenburg, Baden, numerous others
Baron Baroness Barony Baronial Baro There are normal baronies and sovereign baronies, a sovereign barony can be compared with a principality, however, this is an historical exception; sovereign barons no longer have a sovereign barony, but only the title and style
Pope There is no formal feminine of Pope (Popette) Note 1 Papacy Papal Papa Monarch of the Papal States and later Sovereign of the State of Vatican City

[edit] Historical titles for heads of state

The following are no longer officially in use, though some may be claimed by former regnal dynasties.

[edit] Appointed

[edit] Elected or popularly declared

[edit] Hereditary

When a difference exists below, male titles are placed to the left and female titles are placed to the right of the slash.

[edit] Fictional and hypothetical titles for heads of state

The title of a character found in Tarot cards based upon the Pope on the Roman Catholic Church. As the Bishop of Rome is an office always forbidden to women there is no formal feminine of Pope, which comes from the Latin word papa (an affectionate form of the Latin for father). Indeed the Oxford English Dictionary does not contain the word.[2]
The mythical Pope Joan, who was reportedly a woman, is always referred to with the masculine title pope, even when her female identity is known. Further, even if a woman were to become Bishop of Rome it is unclear if she would take the title popess; a parallel might be drawn with the Anglican Communion whose female clergy use the masculine titles of priest and bishop as opposed to priestess or bishopess.
Nonetheless some European languages, along with English, have formed a feminine form of the word pope, such as the Italian papessa, the French papesse, and the German Päpstin.

[edit] Honorary titles granted by heads of state

[edit] Current

[edit] Historical

Russian:

German:

Spanish:

others

[edit] Executive branch of government and other sub-national rulers

[edit] Currently in use

[edit] Historical

[edit] Judicial titles

[edit] In current use

[edit] Historical

[edit] Legislative titles

[edit] In current use  

[edit] Historical

[edit] Honorary titles granted by an institution

Titles granted by an institution and used in direct address:

Titles awarded by institutions due to merit but not used in correspondence:

Honorary job titles in the royal household:

Titles granted by institutions due to position rather than merit (e.g. job title):

[edit] Honorary titles granted by a mentor with the same title

[edit] Honorary titles granted by peers

[edit] Honorary titles bestowed by followers

[edit] See also

[edit] Sources

[edit] References

  1. ^ Prince of Wales is a title granted, following an investiture, to the eldest son of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom – he is not a monarch in his own right.
  2. ^ "?". http://oxforddictionaries.com/noresults?dictionaryVersion=region-uk&isWritersAndEditors=true&noresults=true&page=1&pageSize=20&q=popess&searchUri=All&sort=alpha&type=dictionarysearch. 
Look up title in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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