Torture murder
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| Homicide |
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| Justifiable homicide Capital punishment Human sacrifice Feticide Medicide |
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Torture murder is a loosely defined term to describe a murder where death has been preceded by the torture of the victim. In many legal jurisdictions a murder involving "exceptional brutality or cruelty" will involve a harsher sentence.
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[edit] Punishment
One of the criteria for a judgement of "murder in the first degree" in the laws of the state of New York is that:
...the defendant acted in an especially cruel and wanton manner pursuant to a course of conduct intended to inflict and inflicting torture upon the victim prior to the victim's death. As used in this subparagraph, "torture" means the intentional and depraved infliction of extreme physical pain; "depraved" means the defendant relished the infliction of extreme physical pain upon the victim evidencing debasement or perversion or that the defendant evidenced a sense of pleasure in the infliction of extreme physical pain...[1]
Similar positions are taken in the laws of Italy, Germany and Norway and others (see, Country-specific murder law).
[edit] List of torture murders
Some notable perpetrators and victims include the following. The dates indicate the time of the crime or crimes. This list includes those in positions of power.
[edit] Torture murderers
- Empress Lü Zhi (China, 202 BC to 180 BC)
- Gilles de Rais (France, 1435 to 1440)
- Vlad III the Impaler (Wallachia, 1448; 1456–1462; 1476)
- Elizabeth Báthory (Kingdom of Hungary, 1602 to 1610)
- Delphine LaLaurie (New Orleans, 1775 to 1842) (alleged)
- H. H. Holmes (Chicago, 1893 to 1895)
- Albert Fish (New York City, 1910 to 1936)
- "Mad" Sam DeStefano (Chicago, 1950s to 1970s)
- David Parker Ray (United States, 1950s to 1999)
- Richard Kuklinski (United States, 1960s to 1980s)
- Geza de Kaplany (California, 1962)
- Ian Brady and Myra Hindley (Moors murders) (England, 1963 to 1965)
- Gertrude Baniszewski (Indiana, 1965)
- Sérgio Paranhos Fleury (Brazil, 1968 to 1977)
- Dean Corll (Houston, 1970 to 1973)
- Randy Steven Kraft (California, 1970s to early 1980s)
- John Wayne Gacy (Chicago, 1972 to 1978)
- Rosemary and Fred West (England, 1973 to 1979)
- Dennis Rader (Wichita, Kansas, 1974 to 1991)
- Hamida Djandoubi (France, 1974)
- Hillside Strangler (Los Angeles, 1977 to 1978)
- Paul Luckman and Robin Reid (Australia, 1982)
- Theresa Knorr (California, 1982, 1983)
- Christopher Wilder (United States, 1982 to 1984)
- Adolfo Constanzo (Mexico, 1983 to 1989)
- Robert Berdella (Kansas City, Missouri, 1984 to 1987)
- Daniel Wayne Cook (Arizona, 1987)
- Gary Heidnik (Philadelphia, 1986 to 1987)
- Westley Allan Dodd (United States, 1989)
- Karla Homolka and Paul Bernardo (Canada, 1990 to 1992)
- Christa Pike (United States, 1995)
- Junko Ogata and Futoshi Matsunaga (Japan, 1996 to 1998)
- John Justin Bunting, Robert Joe Wagner and James Vlassakis (Australia, 1992 to 1999)
- Dnepropetrovsk Maniacs (Ukraine, 2007)
[edit] Torture murder victims
- Aurore Gagnon (Quebec, 1920)
- Emmett Till (Mississippi, 1955)
- William "Action" Jackson (Chicago, 1961)
- Sylvia Likens (Indianapolis, 1965)
- Rubens Paiva (Brazil, 1971)
- Vladimir Herzog (São Paulo, 1975)
- Junko Furuta (Tokyo, 1989)
- Shanda Sharer (Madison, Indiana, 1992)
- Suzanne Capper (Manchester, 1992)
- Kelly Anne Bates (Manchester, 1996)
- Pai Hsiao-yen (Taipei, Taiwan, 1997)
- Matthew Shepard (Wyoming, 1998)
- Jesse Dirkhising (Rogers, Arkansas, 1999)
- Fan Man-yee (Hong Kong, 1999)
- Kriss Donald (Glasgow, 2004)
- Ilan Halimi (Paris, 2006)
- Channon Gail Christian (Knoxville, Tennessee, 2007)
- Necati Aydin, Ugur Yuksel, and Tilmann Geske (Malatya, Turkey, 2007)
- Jennifer Daugherty (Greensburg, Pennsylvania, 2010)
- Hamza Al-Khateeb (Daraa, Syria, 2011)
