Treaty of Nonsuch

The Treaty of Nonsuch was signed by Elizabeth I of England and the Netherlands on 10 August 1585 at Nonsuch Palace in Surrey.

Background

The treaty was provoked by the signing of the Treaty of Joinville in 1584 between Philip II of Spain and the Catholic League in France in which Philip II promised to finance the League.

Terms

Elizabeth I agreed to supply 5,000 foot soldiers and 1,000 cavalry, initially intended as a way of lifting the Siege of Antwerp (1584-1585), together with an annual subsidy of 600,000 florins a year - about a quarter of the annual cost of the revolt. As a surety for this assistance, the Dutch were to hand over Brill and Flushing to England. These she would garrison at her own expense.

The surety provoked the objection of Zeeland, which was to lose the most by this measure. Elizabeth rejected the title of Governor General of the Provinces offered to her in the treaty. When the head of the English troops in the Netherlands, Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, did accept this title, Elizabeth considered it outrageous.

Aftermath

Philip II took the treaty as a declaration of war against him by Elizabeth. Three years later he launched the Spanish Armada in an attempt to invade and conquer England. The resources spent by Philip on the Armada (10 million ducats) undoubtedly diverted significant resources from fighting the Dutch revolt at the time. Around 110 million ducats were spent on the partially successful campaign against the resurgent revolt.

See also

• List of treaties

External links

• Primary source for terms of Treaty of Nonsuch 1585