Triton X-100
| Triton X-100 | |
|---|---|
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Other names
polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether, |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 9002-93-1  |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C14H22O(C2H4O)n (n = 9-10) |
| Appearance | viscous colourless liquid |
| Density | 1.07 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
6 °C |
| Boiling point |
> 200 °C |
| Solubility in water | Soluble |
| Vapor pressure | < 1 mmHg (130 Pa) at 20 °C |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.490-1.494 [1] |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | MSDS |
| Flash point | 251 °C |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Triton X-100 (C14H22O(C2H4O)n) is a nonionic surfactant which has a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide group (on average it has 9.5 ethylene oxide units) and a hydrocarbon lipophilic or hydrophobic group. The hydrocarbon group is a 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl group. It is related to the Pluronic range of detergents marketed by BASF. The pluronics are triblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The part formed from ethylene oxide is more hydrophilic than the part from propylene oxide. Triton X-100 is very viscous at room temperature and is thus easiest to use after being gently warmed.
Triton X-100 was originally a registered trademark of Rohm & Haas Co. It was subsequently purchased by Union Carbide. It was acquired by the Dow Chemical Company when Dow acquired Union Carbide. Soon afterward (in 2009), Dow acquired Rohm & Haas Co. itself.
Contents |
[edit] Uses
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Triton X-100 is a commonly used detergent in laboratories.[2] For example:
- it can be used to permeabilize unfixed (or lightly fixed) eukaryotic cell membranes
- it is used in conjunction with zwitterionic detergents such as CHAPS to solubilize membrane proteins in their native state.
- Can be used in DNA extraction as part of the lysis buffer (usually in a 5% solution in alkaline lysis buffer).
- It can be used to reduce the surface tension of aqueous solutions during immunostaining (usually in concentration of 0.1-0.5% in TBS or PBS Buffer).
- Emerging use in dispersion of carbon materials for soft composite materials
- it is used in microbiology to restrict colony expansion in Aspergillus nidulans
Apart from laboratory use, Triton X-100 can be found in several types of cleaning compound,[citation needed] ranging from heavy-duty industrial products to gentle detergents. It is also a popular ingredient in homemade vinyl record cleaning fluids together with distilled water and isopropyl alcohol. Triton X-100 appears as a final ingredient in several yearly influenza vaccines worldwide.
[edit] References
- Triton X-100 Product detail page from Sigma-Aldrich
- Highlights Of Prescribing Information (also known as the Package Insert, or Product Monograph), FLUARIX brand Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (GSK, Glaxo Smith Kline) Formulation 2010/2011
- Highlights Of Prescribing Information (also known as the Package Insert, or Product Monograph), FLUZONE brand Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine (Sanofi-Pasteur) Formulation September, 2009
- TRITON™ X-100 Surfactant Technical Data Sheet from The Dow Chemical Company
- ^ Sigma-Aldrich: Triton® X-100 non-ionic detergent. Accessed 2011-12-05, archived by WebCite®
- ^ "Triton X-100". exactantigen.com. http://www.exactantigen.com/review/Triton-X-100.html. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
