Troctomorpha

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Troctomorpha
Temporal range: Late Jurassic–Present
Burmacompsocus perreaui (Compsocidae)
Liposcelis (Liposcelididae)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Psocodea
Suborder: Troctomorpha
Roesler, 1944
Infraorders[1]

Troctomorpha is one of the three major suborders of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera)[1][2](barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice), alongside Psocomorpha and Trogiomorpha. There are more than 30 families and 5,800 described species in Troctomorpha.[3][4][1] The order includes parasitic lice, which are most closely related to the booklice family Liposcelididae.

Cladogram[edit]

Cladogram showing the position of Troctomorpha within Psocodea:[5]

Psocodea
Troctomorpha
Phthiraptera

Philopteridae

Anoplura

Rhynchophthirina

Trichodectidae

Amblycera

Liposcelididae

Pachytroctidae

Sphaeropsocidae

Amphientometae

Psocomorpha

Homilopsocidea

Caeciliusetae

Psocetae

Epipsocetae

Philotarsetae

Archipsocetae

Trogiomorpha

Atropetae

Psyllipsocetae

Prionoglaridetae (paraphyletic)

Schizophthirus pleurophaeus

Fossil record[edit]

The oldest record of the suborder is suggested to be Paramesopsocus adibi, known from the Late Jurassic Karabastau Formation of Kazakhstan.[6][7]

Classification[edit]

Troctomorpha contains the following subgroups:[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d Johnson, Kevin P.; Smith, Vincent S. (2021). "Psocodea species file online, Version 5.0". Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  2. ^ Bess, Emilie; Smith, Vince; Lienhard, Charles; Johnson, Kevin P. (2006). "Psocodea". Tree of Life. Retrieved 2019-06-14.
  3. ^ "Troctomorpha Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2019-05-04.
  4. ^ de Moya, Robert S; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Walden, Kimberly K O; Sweet, Andrew D; Dietrich, Christopher H; Kevin P, Johnson (2021-06-16). Buckley, Thomas (ed.). "Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets". Systematic Biology. 70 (4): 719–738. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa075. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 32979270.
  5. ^ Azar, Dany; Hajar, Lara; Indary, Chadi; Nel, André (January 2008). "Paramesopsocidae, a new Mesozoic psocid family (Insecta: Psocodea "Psocoptera": Psocomorpha)". Annales de la Société entomologique de France. New Series. 44 (4): 459–470. doi:10.1080/00379271.2008.10697581. ISSN 0037-9271. S2CID 85044414.
  6. ^ Mockford, Edward L.; Lienhard, Charles; Yoshizawa, Kazunori (October 2013). "Revised classification of 'Psocoptera' from Cretaceous amber, a reassessment of published information". Insecta Matsumurana. New Series. 69: 1–26. ISSN 0020-1804.

Further reading[edit]