Tronador (rocket)
 Tronador II rocket |
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| Function | Orbital launch vehicle |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | CONAE |
| Country of origin | Argentina |
| Size | |
| Height | 33 m (108ft) |
| Diameter | 2.5m - 1.5m |
| Mass | 64000 kg |
| Stages | 3 |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO | 200 - 400 kg |
| Launch history | |
| Status | In development |
| Launch sites | Puerto Belgrano Naval Base |
| First flight | 2014 |
| First stage | |
| Engines | 3 |
| Thrust | 3 x 30000 kg |
| Burn time | |
| Fuel | Monomethyl-Hydrazine/N2O4 |
| Second stage | |
| Engines | 1 |
| Thrust | 30000 kg |
| Burn time | |
| Fuel | Monomethyl-Hydrazine/N2O4 |
| Third stage - T4000 | |
| Engines | 1 |
| Thrust | 4000 kg |
| Burn time | |
| Fuel | |
Tronador (Thunderer) is a series of Argentine rockets, including the Tronador II, a liquid propellant expendable launch system which is under development.
The Tronador I rocket is an unguided liquid-fueled rocket[citation needed], used for suborbital test flights. It will lead to the larger Tronador II, which will have an indigenous guidance system and be capable of reaching low Earth orbit.[1] It is expected to make its maiden flight in 2014.[2]
Contents |
Tronador I[edit]
One Tronador I (T1) vehicle was flown, on the June 6, 2007[3] from the Puerto Belgrano Naval Base.
Characteristics[edit]
- Length (mm) 3400
- Stages 1
- Total takeoff mass (kg) 60
- Payload mass (kg) 4
- Thrust 500kgf x 10 sec
Tronador Ib[edit]
One Tronador Ib (T2) vehicle was flown, on the August 5, 2008[4] from the Puerto Belgrano Naval Base.
Characteristics[edit]
- Length (mm) 3400
- Stages 1
- Total takeoff mass (kg) 60
- Payload mass (kg) 4
- Apogee (km) 15~20
- Thrust: 1500kgf x 10 sec
Tronador II[edit]
In 2013 a prototype named VEX1 will be launched,[5] followed by five more.[6] The full Tronador II is expected to launch in 2015 from the Puerto Belgrano Naval Base[7] (near Bahía Blanca).
Program[edit]
As of September 2012, the VEX plan is as follows:[8][9][10]
- VEX 1 - 2013/14 - only one stage, 1.8 tonnes, 4t engine, 60 seconds mission, apogee of 16 km
- VEX 2 - 2014 - first stage 3 x 4t engines, second stage single 4t engine
- VEX 3 - 2015 - 30t engine
- VEX 4 - 2016 - 30t engine
- VEX 5 - 2016 - first stage 3 x 30t, second stage 1 x 30t with RCS control and separation at 80 km
Characteristics[edit]
The projected Tronador II rocket has the following configuration:[11]
- Length (mm) 33000
- Stages 3
- Diameter 2.5m - 1.5m
- Empty mass (kg) 8000
- Total weight(kg) 64000
- Payload mass (kg) 200-400[12]
- Apogee (km) 600-700
- 1st stage thrust: 90t(3x30t)
- 2nd stage thrust: 30t
- 3rd stage engine: 4t thrust, 60 seconds burn, 2800 kg of fuel
T4000[edit]
The T4000 (Tronador T4000 pathfinder rocket) test rocket is related to the project, as it is the basis of the 3rd stage of the Tronador II. Specifically, it was intended to rest the attitude control system (“Trans Vector Control” - TVS).[13] The first launch attempt in 2011 failed.[14]
Characteristics[edit]
- Diameter: 438 mm
- Thrust: 40 kN
- Impulse time: 10 seconds[16]
External links[edit]
- http://www.conae.gov.ar/eng/accesoalespacio/tronador.html
- http://www.rocket.com.ar/biblioteca/databases/download/Proyecto_Tronador.pdf
- http://grandprix.forochile.org/t80p15-primeras-imagenes-del-lanzador-tronador-ii
- http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/tronador-2.htm
- http://www.ctys.com.ar/index.php?idPage=20&idArticulo=1934
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/tronador-2.htm
- ^ http://www.parabolicarc.com/2011/10/09/argentina-plans-first-domestic-satellite-launch/
- ^ http://grandprix.forochile.org/t80p15-primeras-imagenes-del-lanzador-tronador-ii
- ^ http://grandprix.forochile.org/t80p15-primeras-imagenes-del-lanzador-tronador-ii
- ^ http://www.colonbuenosaires.com.ar/semanariocolondoce/cgi-bin/hoy/archivo/2012a/00000663.html
- ^ http://www.lavoz.com.ar/ciudadanos/2015-estara-listo-cohete-construido-falda-carmen
- ^ http://www.colonbuenosaires.com.ar/semanariocolondoce/cgi-bin/hoy/archivo/2012a/00000663.html
- ^ http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=26645.15
- ^ http://www.portinos.com/14577/escalera-al-cielo-peldano-a-peldano-serie-tronador-ii
- ^ http://www2.mecon.gov.ar/pnip/basehome/invpub_res.php?pagina=290&jur=35&saf=106&loc=todas&estado=todas&finfun=todas&proc=todas&plan=todas
- ^ http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/Tronador-LSA/Description/Frame.htm
- ^ http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/tronador-2.htm
- ^ http://www.portinos.com/14577/escalera-al-cielo-peldano-a-peldano-serie-tronador-ii
- ^ http://brazilianspace.blogspot.pt/2011/12/informacao-extraoficial-confirma-falha.html
- ^ http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/Tronador-LSA/Gallery/T-4000.htm
- ^ http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=26645.15
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