Tukang Besi language
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| Tukang Besi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spoken in | Indonesia | |||
| Region | Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Archipelago | |||
| Native speakers | 200,000 (date missing) | |||
| Language family |
Austronesian
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| Language codes | ||||
| ISO 639-3 | Either: khc – Tukang Besi North bhq – Tukang Besi South |
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Tukang Besi is an Austronesian language spoken in the Tukangbesi Islands in south-east Sulawesi in Indonesia by some 200,000 speakers.
[edit] Sounds
The northern dialect of Tukang Besi has 25 consonant phonemes and a basic 5-vowel system.[1] It features stress which is usually on the second to last syllable. The language features two implosive consonants, which are uncommon in the world's languages. The coronal plosives and /s/ have prenasalized counterparts which act as separate phonemes.
| Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Velar | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||
| Plosive | plain | p | b | t̪ | (d̪) | k | ɡ | ʔ |
| prenasalized | mp | mb | n̪t̪ | n̪d̪ | ŋk | ŋɡ | ||
| Implosive | ɓ | ɗ̪ | ||||||
| Fricative | plain | β | s | (z) | h | |||
| prenasalized | n̪s̪ | |||||||
| Trill | r | |||||||
| Lateral | l̪ | |||||||
/b/ only appears in loanwords, though it contrasts with /ɓ/. [d] and [z] are not phonemic and appear only as allophones of /dʒ/ which appears only in loanwords.
[edit] References
- ^ Donohue, Mark (1999). "Tukang Besi". Handbook of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge University Press. pp. 151–53. ISBN 0-521-65236-7.
[edit] External links
- Tukang Besi North at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
- Tukang Besi South at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
