Turned a

Turned A (capital: Ɐ or Ɒ, lowercase: ɐ or ɒ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet based upon the letter A. It is not, nor has it ever been, used in any natural languages as a letter in its own right.

Lowercase ɐ (in two story form) is used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to identify the near-open central vowel. A variant, turned alpha, ɒ, is also used in the IPA as the open back rounded vowel.

It was used in the 18th century by Edward Lhuyd and William Pryce as phonetic character for the Cornish language. In their books, both Ɐ and ɐ have been used. It was used in the 19th century by Charles Sanders Peirce as a logical symbol for 'un-American' ("unamerican").

The symbol ∀ has the same shape of a capital turned A, sans serif. It is used in mathematical logic to denote universal quantification. In entertainment, the Japanese anime Turn A Gundam uses ∀ as part of both the title and the name of the titular mecha. In traffic engineering it is used to represent flow, the number of units (vehicles) passing a point in a unit of time.

Encodings

Ɐ is encoded in Unicode at U+2C6F Ɐ latin capital letter turned a (HTML: Ɐ) in the block Latin Extended-C, though very few fonts support it as of 2008, and ɐ is encoded in Unicode at U+0250 ɐ latin small letter turned a (HTML: ɐ) in the block IPA Extensions.
The similar turned alphas are at U+2C70 Ɒ latin capital letter turned alpha (HTML: Ɒ capital), and at U+0252 ɒ latin small letter turned alpha (HTML: ɒ).

The mathematical symbol ∀ is encoded at U+2200 ∀ for all (HTML: ∀ ∀), in the block Mathematical operators, and only in a sans-serif form.

The Symbol font includes ∀ at position 34 (which would produce the quotation mark in ASCII and Unicode).

See also

• Transformation of text
• Universal quantification

References

The ISO basic Latin alphabet
Aa	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ee	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Oo	Pp	Qq	Rr	Ss	Tt	Uu	Vv	Ww	Xx	Yy	Zz
Letter A with diacritics
Áá	Àà	Ăă	Ắắ	Ằằ	Ẵẵ	Ẳẳ	Ââ	Ấấ	Ầầ	Ẫẫ	Ẩẩ	Ǎǎ	Åå	Ǻǻ	Ää	Ǟǟ	Ãã	Ȧȧ	Ǡǡ	Ąą	Āā	Ảả	Ȁȁ	Ȃȃ	Ạạ
Ặặ	Ậậ	Ḁḁ	Ⱥⱥ	ᶏ	Ɐɐ	Ɑɑ
Related
History Palaeography Derivations Diacritics Punctuation Numerals Unicode List of letters ISO/IEC 646