Typhoid vaccine
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Not to be confused with typhus vaccine.
| Vaccine description | |
|---|---|
| Target disease | Typhoid |
| Type | ? |
| Clinical data | |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a607028 |
| Pregnancy cat. | ? |
| Legal status | ? |
| Identifiers | |
| ATC code | J07AP01 J07AP02 J07AP03 |
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Typhoid vaccine is a vaccine used against typhoid fever.
There are two effective types:[1]
- Ty21a, which is a live vaccine given orally
- Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine, which is an injectable subunit vaccine
Ty21a is licensed for use from age six years and older. Boosters are recommended annually. The Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine is licensed for use from age two years and older, and boosters are required every three years.[2]
Almroth Edward Wright developed an effective inactivated whole-cell typhoid vaccine that was introduced in 1896.[1] Due to side-effects its usage was eventually discontinued.[2]
An experimental vaccine called Vi-rEPA has showed promising results in trials so far, indicating higher effectiveness and longer immunity. However, it has yet to be licensed for use.[1]
Available preparations [edit]
- Vi polysaccharide vaccine: Typhim Vi® (Sanofi Pasteur); Typherix® (GSK)[2]
- Combined hepatitis A/Vi polysaccharide vaccine: ViATIM® (Sanofi Pasteur); Hepatyrix® (GSK)[2]
- Ty21a oral vaccine: Vivotif® (Crucell)[2]
References [edit]
- ^ a b c Fraser A, Goldberg E, Acosta CJ, Paul M, Leibovici L (2007). "Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD001261. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001261.pub2. PMID 17636661.
- ^ a b c d e Salisbury, D; Ramsay, M; Noakes, K. ""Chapter 33: Typhoid"". Immunisation against infectious disease. Department of Health. p. 418. ISBN 0-11-322528-8.
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