Ukrainian parliamentary election, 1998

Ukrainian parliamentary election, 1998

1994 ← 29 March 1998 → 2002

All 450 seats to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 226 seats were needed for a majority   First party Second party Third party   Leader Petro Symonenko Vyacheslav Chornovil Oleksandr Moroz Party Communist Party People's Movement SPU-SelPU Leader since 19 June 1993 1989 26 October 1991 Last election 86 20 14 (as Socialists) Seats won 121 46 34 Seat change +35 +26 +20 Popular vote 10,046,064 3,998,910 3,341,055 Percentage 19.5% 7.8% 6.5%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Vitaliy Kononov Anatoliy Matviyenko Pavlo Lazarenko Party Greens NDPU Hromada Leader since 30 September 1990 24 February 1996 12 December 1993 Last election 0 4 (as PDVU) New Seats won 19 28 24 Seat change +19 +24 +24 Popular vote 1,640,308 2,317,230 2,122,308 Percentage 3.2% 4.5% 4.1%

Results of the 1998 parliamentary election.

Prime Minister before election Valeriy Pustovoitenko NDPU Elected Prime Minister Valeriy Pustovoitenko NDPU

Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 29 March 1998. The Communist Party of Ukraine remained the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada, winning 121 of the 445 seats.

After the election votes in five electoral districts had too many irregularities to declare a winner and the parliament was five members short of 450.

Electoral system

In comparison to the first parliamentary election, this time half of 450 parliament seats were filled by single-seat majority winners in 225 electoral regions (constituencies), and the other half were split among political parties and blocks that received at least 4% of the popular vote.

Results

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The Communist Party of Ukraine was victorious in 18 regions including the city of Kiev, while in three other regions the party finished in second place. The People's Movement of Ukraine (Rukh) won in five regions, all of them located in Western Ukraine and was a strong runner-up in three others, mostly in the west and Kiev. The electoral block of Socialists and Peasants was able to secure a victory in only two regions, however it did finish strong in seven other regions across central Ukraine. The new and rising party of Hromada won the Dnipropetrovsk Region, while the Social-Democratic Party of Ukraine managed to secure the Zakarpattia Region.

Notable and strong runners up were the Party of Greens, the People's Democratic Party, the Progressive Socialist Party, the People's Party, Working Ukraine, the National Front and Our Ukraine.

 Summary of the 29 March 1998 Verkhovna Rada election results

Parties and alliances (48 parties and blocks participated in the election; 8 of them passed the required 4% barrier)	Party votes	%	Swing %	Party mandates	Indiv. mandates	Total mandates	mandates
Communist Party of Ukraine (Komunistyčna partija Ukraïny)	6,550,353	24.65	11.05	84	37	121	35
People's Movement of Ukraine (Narodnyj Ruch Ukraïny)	2,498,262	9.40	3.90	32	14	46	26
Electoral bloc of SPU and SelPU (Vyborčyj blok SPU ta Sel'PU) Socialist Party of Ukraine (Socialistyčna partija Ukraïny) Peasants Party of Ukraine (Seljans'ka partija Ukraïny)	2,273,788	8.55	2.35	29	5	34	1
Party of Greens of Ukraine (Partija Zelenych Ukraïny)	1,444,264	5.43	5.13	19	-	19	19
People's Democratic Party (Narodno-demokratyčna partija)	1,331,460	5.01	N/A	17	11	28	New party
All-Ukrainian Union "Hromada" (Vseukraïns'ke ob'jednannja "Hromada")	1,242,235	4.67	N/A	16	8	24	New party
Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine (Prohresyvna socialistyčna partija Ukraïny)	1,075,118	4.04	N/A	14	2	16	New party
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (United) (Social-demokratyčna partija Ukraïny (ob'jednana))	1,066,113	4.01	N/A	14	3	17	New party
Agrarian Party of Ukraine (Ahrarna partija Ukraïny)	978,330	3.68	N/A	-	9	9	New party
Reforms and Order Party (Partija reformy i porjadok)	832,574	3.13	N/A	-	3	3	New party
Labor Ukraine Bloc (Vyborčyj blok partij "Trudova Ukraïna") Civil Congress of Ukraine (Hromadjans'kyj kongres Ukraïny) Ukrainian Party of Justice (Ukraïns'ka partija spravedlyvosti)	813,326	3.06	2.66	-	1	1	1
National Front (Vyborčyj blok partij "Nacional'nyj front") Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists (Kongres ukraïns'kych nacionalistiv) Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party (Ukraïns'ka konservatyvna respublikans'ka partija) Ukrainian Republican Party (Ukraïns'ka respublikans'ka partija)	721,966	2.71	1.59	-	5	5	10
Party of Labor and Liberal Party - TOGETHER (Vyborčyj blok partij "Partija praci ta Liberal'na partija - RAZOM"') Party of Labor (Partija praci) Liberal Party of Ukraine (Liberal'na partija Ukraïny)	502,969	1.89	0.89	-	1	1	3
Forward Ukraine! (Vyborčyj blok partij "Vpered, Ukraïno!"') Christian Democratic Union (Partija Chrystyjans'ko-demokračtynyj sojuz) Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party (Ukraïns'ka Chrystyjans'ko-demokračtyna partija)	461,924	1.73	1.73	-	2	2	2
Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine (Chrystyjans'ko-demokračtyna partija Ukraïny)	344,826	1.29	0.89	-	2	2	1
Bloc of Democratic Parties NEP (Vyborčyj blok partij "Blok Demokratyčnych partij - NEP") Democratic Party of Ukraine (Demokratyčna partija Ukraïny) Party of Economical Revival (Partija Ekonomičnoho vidrodžennja)	326,489	1.22	0.08	-	1	1	1
Party of National Economic Development of Ukraine (Partija nacional'no-ekonomičnoho rozvytku)	250,476	0.94	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Social Liberal Union - SLOn (Vyborčyj blok partij "SLOn - Social'no Liberal'ne Ob'jednannja") Constitutional-Democratic Party (Konstytucijno-demokratyčna partija) Inter-regional bloc of reforms (Mižrehional'nyj blok reform)	241,367	0.90	0.90	-	1	1	1
Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine (Partija rehional'noho vidrodžennja Ukraïny)	241,262	0.90	N/A	-	2	2	New party
All-Ukrainian Party of Workers (Vseukraïns'ka partija trudjaščych)	210,622	0.79	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Union (Parija "Sojuz")	186,249	0.70	N/A	-	1	1	New party
All-Ukrainian Party of Women's Initiatives (Vseukraïns'ka partija žinočych inciatyv)	154,650	0.58	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Republican Christian Party (Respublikans'ka chrystyjans'ka partija)	143,496	0.54	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Ukrainian National Assembly (Ukraïns'ka nacional'na asambleja)	105,977	0.39	0.11	-	-	-	1
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (Social-demokratyčna partija Ukraïny)	85,045	0.32	0.08	-	-	-	2
Party of Defenders of the Fatherland (Partija zachysnykiv Vitčyzny)	81,808	0.30	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Party of Spiritual, Economic and Social Progress (Partija duchovnoho, ekonomičnoho, social'noho prohresu)	53,147	0.20	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Party of Muslims of Ukraine (Partija musul'man Ukraïny)	52,613	0.19	N/A	-	-	-	New party
Fewer Words Bloc (Vyborčyj blok partij "Men'še sliv") Social-National Party of Ukraine (Social-nacional'na partija Ukraïny) State Independence of Ukraine (Deržavna Samostijnist' Ukraïny)	45,155	0.16	0.06	-	1	1	1
European Selection of Ukraine (Vyborčyj blok partij "Jevropejs'kyj vybir Ukraïny") Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine (Liberal'no-demokratyčna partija Ukraïny) Ukrainian Peasant Democratic Party (Ukraïns'ka seljans'ka demokratyčna partija)	37,118	0.13	0.03	-	-	-
Non-partisans	DNP	DNP	N/A	-	111	111	57
Against all	1,396,592	5.25	4.05
Ivalid ballots	821 699	3.09	3.65
Total (turnout 70.78%)	26,571,273	100	5.02	225	220	445	107
Source: Central Election Commission of Ukraine, Brama, Nohlen & Stöver

By regions (single constituency)

Crimea (10/10)

• No party affiliation: Serhiy Ivanov, Anatoliy Rakhansky, Valeriy Horbatov, Refat Chubarov, Anatoliy Franchuk
• Communist Party of Ukraine: Yevhen Leshan, Viktor Myronenko
• Soyuz: Lev Myrymsky
• People's Democratic Party of Ukraine: Ihor Franchuk, Valeriy Khoroshkovsky

Vinnytsia Region (8/8)

• No party affiliation: Petro Poroshenko, Oleh Yukhnovsky, Oleksandr Shpak, Yevhen Smirnov, Oleksandr Stoyan
• People's Democratic Party of Ukraine: Ihor Kvyatkovsky, Anatoliy Matviyenko
• Communist Party of Ukraine: Mykola Pasyeka

Volyn Region (4/5)

• National Front (Republican): Valeriy Dibrova
• Agrarian: Kateryna Vashchuk
• No party affiliation: Mykola Martynenko
• Democratic Party of Ukraine: Oleksandr Svyryda
• People's Democratic Party of Ukraine: Serhiy Shevchuk

Dnipropetrovsk Region (16/17)

• Hromada 6 (1-Independent)
• No party affiliation 5
• Communist 3
• Interregional bloc 1
• Agrarian 1

Donetsk Region (21/23)

• No party affiliation 12
• Communist 7
• Party of Regions 2

Zhytomyr Region (5/6)

• No party affiliation 2
• People-Democratic 1
• Communist 1
• Christian-Democratic 1

Zakarpattia Region (5/5)

• Social-Democratic (u) 3
• No party affiliation 2

Zaporizhia Region (7/9)

• No party affiliation 3
• Communist 3 (1-Independent)
• Agrarian 1

Ivano-Frankivsk Region (6/6)

• No party affiliation 2
• National Front 2 (all CUN)
• Labor and Liberal together 1 (Independent)
• Christian people 1

Kirovohrad Region (3/5)

• No party affiliation 3

Luhansk Region (12/12)

• Communist 8
• No party affiliation 4

Lviv Region (10/12)

• People's Movement 2
• Reforms and Order 2
• National Front 2 (all Independent)
• Fewer words 1
• No party affiliation 1
• Christian-Democratic 1
• Agrarian 1

Mykolaiv Region (3/6)

• No party affiliation 2
• Reforms and Order 1

Odessa Region (10/11)

• No party affiliation 6
• Communist 2
• Agrarian 1 (Independent)
• Social and Peasant 1

Kiev Region (7/8)

• No party affiliation 4
• Social and Peasant 1 (Socialist)
• Agrarian 1
• People's Movement 1

Poltava Region (8/8)

• Communist 3
• No party affiliation 2
• People's Movement 1
• People-Democratic 1 (Independent)
• Forward 1 (Independent)

Rivne Region (5/5)

• People's Movement 3
• No party affiliation 2

Sumy Region (6/6)

• No party affiliation 2
• Progressive Socialist 2
• Communist 1
• Justice 1

Ternopil Region (4/5)

• People's Movement 2
• No party affiliation 1
• National Front 1 (CUN)

Kharkiv Region (12/14)

• No party affiliation 6
• Communist 2
• Agrarian 1
• Social and Peasant 1 (Independent)
• Progressive Socialist 1 (Independent)
• People-Democratic 1

Kherson Region (6/6)

• No party affiliation 2
• Hromada 1
• Communist 1
• Christian-Democratic 1
• Social and Peasant 1 (Socialist)

Khmelnytsky Region (7/7)

• No party affiliation 4
• Republican 1
• Socialist 1
• Communist 1

Cherkasy Region (7/7)

• No party affiliation 3
• Communist 2
• Social and Peasant 1 (Peasant)
• People-Democratic 1

Chernivtsi Region (4/4)

• No party affiliation 3
• People's Movement 1

Chernihiv Region (5/6)

• No party affiliation 4
• People-Democratic 1

Kiev (11/12)

• No party affiliation 8
• Democratic Parties 1 (Independent)
• People's Movement 1
• Reforms and Order 1

Sevastopol (2/2)

• No party affiliation 1
• Communist 1

Party affiliation changes after 1998 election

The size of the factions created in parliament after the election fluctuated. By January 2000 the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine and Hromada did not have any deputies; while Peasant Party of Ukraine had deputies only in 1999. All these factions where disbanded for lack of members.

Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine (later to become the biggest party of Ukraine as Party of Regions) grew massively in parliament (after in March 2001 it united with four parties) from 2 deputies elected in this election to a faction of 24 people in July 2002 (one deputy left the faction later). Later to become second biggest party of Ukraine, Batkivshchyna, started its existence as a faction when in the spring of 1999 members of Hromada left their party to join other parliament factions, among them Yulia Tymoshenko who set up the parliamentary faction "Batkivshchyna" in March 1999.

People's Movement of Ukraine split into 2 different factions in the spring of 1999 (the largest membership of the breakaway faction led by Hennadiy Udovenko was 19 and ended with 14, the "other" faction ended with 23; meaning that 10 elected People's Movement of Ukraine deputies did not represent any segment of the party anymore by June 2002).

Other mayor "non-elected" factions/parties to emerge in parliament after the election were: Solidarity (27 to 20 members) and Labour Ukraine (38 members in June 2002); by June 2002 the parliament had 8 more factions then its original 8 in May 1998.

External links

• Central Election Commission of Ukraine