Underworld

For other uses, see Underworld (disambiguation).

The Underworld is a region which is thought to be under the surface of the earth in some religions and in mythologies. It could be a place where the souls of the recently departed go, and in some traditions it is identified with Hell or the realm of death. In other traditions, such as animism, it could be seen as the place from which life appears to have originated (such as plant life, water, etc.) and to which life must return at life's end, with no negative undertones. In some slang, the Underworld can be a term for the criminal groups of an area.

Underworlds by mythology

This list includes underworlds in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.

Altaic mythology	Yerlik (see Erlik)
Aztec mythology	Mictlan
Babylonian mythology	Arallu (also Sumerian)
Buddhist mythology	Naraka (also Niraya)
Celtic mythology	Annwn, Mag Mell
Chinese mythology	Yum gan (陰間) is an underworld though not necessarily negative like Diyu (地獄)
Christian mythology	Sheol/Hadēs (Abode of the dead), Gehenna/Tártaros (Hell), Abaddon, Limbo, Purgatory, Annihilationism
Egyptian mythology	Aaru, Duat, Neter-khertet, Amenti
Estonian mythology	Toonela
Guanche mythology	Echeide, Guayota
Fijian mythology	see Melanesian mythology.
Finnish mythology	Tuonela
Greek mythology	Main article: Greek underworld Elysium, Asphodel Meadows, Hadēs, Tártaros
Hebrew mythology	Sheol, Gehenna
Hindu mythology	Naraka, Yamaloka, Patala
Hopi mythology	Maski
Hungarian mythology	Alvilág
Inca mythology	Uku Pacha
Inuit mythology	Adlivun
Islamic mythology	Jahannam, Naar, Barzakh, Araf
Jain mythology	Naraka, Adho Loka (the lower worlds)
Japanese mythology	Yomi, Jigoku
Korean mythology	"Ji-Ok" 지옥 地獄
Latvian mythology	Aizsaule
Malay mythology	Alam Ghaib (The unseen realm)
Indonesian mythology
Māori mythology	Hawaiki
Mapuche mythology	Pellumawida, Degin, Wenuleufu, Ngullchenmaiwe
Maya mythology	Metnal, Xibalba
Melanesian mythology	(includes Fijian) Bulu, Burotu, Murimuria, Nabangatai, Tuma
Norse mythology	Gimlé, Hel, Niflheim, Vingólf
Oromo mythology	Ekera
Philippine mythology	Kasanaan
Polynesian mythology	Avaiki, Bulotu, Iva, Lua-o-Milu, Nga- Atua, Pulotu, Rangi Tuarea, Te Toi-o-nga-Ranga, Uranga-o-Te-Ra
Pueblo mythology	Shipap
Roman mythology	Inferno, Avernus, Orcus/Hadēs, Pluto
Slavic mythology	Podsvetie, Peklo, Nava
Sumerian mythology	Dilmun, Kur, Irkalla, Hubur
Vodou mythology	Guinee
Wagga Wagga mythology	Hiyoyoa

Underworld rulers

This list includes rulers or guardians of the underworld in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.

Aboriginal mythology	Baiame (Kamilaroi), Eingana
Akkadian mythology	Allu, Anu, Anunnaku, Ereshkigal, Etemmu, Gallu, Humbaba, Mamitu, Nergal, Utnapishtim
Albanian mythology	E Bukura e Dheut
Altaic mythology	Erlik
Armenian mythology	Spandaramat
Aztec mythology	Mictlantecuhtli, Mictecacihuatl, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl
Babylonian mythology	Erra, Nergal, Ninlil, Sursunabu, Ur-shanabi, Utnapishtim
Balinese mythology	Batara Kala, Setesuyara
Bon mythology	gNyan
Buddhist mythology	Yama, Emma-O-, Yanluo
Canaanite mythology	Mot
Celtic mythology	Aed, Arawn, Cwn Annwn, Donn, Gwyn ap Nudd, Manannán mac Lir, Pwyll
Chinese mythology	Gui, Yanluo
Christian mythology	Satan
Egyptian mythology	Aken, Aker (strictly only the gatekeeper), Am-heh, Amunet, Ammit, Andjety, Anubis, Apep, Apis, Astennu, Ha, Imiut (if the Imiut was ever considered a god), Isis, Mehen, Naunet, Nehebkau, Nephthys, Nun, Nut, Osiris, Ptah, Soker, Thoth
Elamite mythology	Jabru
Estonian mythology	Vanapagan
Etruscan mythology	Charun, Culsu, Februus, Mania, Mantus, Nethuns, Tuchulcha, Vanth
Finnish mythology	Kalma, Kipu-Tyttö, Kivutar, Lovitar, Surma, Tuonen akka, Tuonetar, Tuoni, Vammatar
Greek mythology	Cerberus, Charon, Hadēs, Keres, Persephone, Thánatos, Tártaros
Georgian mythology	sasuleti
Haida mythology	Ta'xet, Tia
Hinduism	Yamaraja
Hopi mythology	Maasaw
Ibo mythology	Ala
Incan mythology	Supay, Vichama
Indonesian mythology	Dewi Shri, Ndara
Inuit mythology	Pana, Sedna
Islamic mythology	Mala'ikah
Japanese mythology	Hisa-Me, Hotoke, Ika-Zuchi-no-Kami, Jikininki, Shiko-Me, Shiti Dama, Shi-Ryo, Yama
Kassite mythology	Dur
Khmer mythology	Preas Eyssaur
Latvian mythology	Veļi, Velu mate, Zemes mate
Levantine mythology	Mot
Lunda mythology	Kalunga
Maori mythology	Kewa
Maya mythology	Xibalba
Melanesian mythology	(includes Fijian mythology) Degei, Ratumaibulu, Samulayo
Narragansett mythology	Chepi
Navaho mythology	Estanatelhi
Niquiran mythology	Mictanteot
Norse mythology	Garmr, Hel, Ran
Orokolo mythology	Kiavari
Persian mythology	Angra Mainyu, Azhi Dahaka, Peri
Philippine mythology (Look to the Christian Mythology for more information)	""Bathala", Demonyo Demon, Lucifer, Dyablo Diablo, Satan
Phoenician mythology	Horon
Phrygian mythology	Men
Polynesian mythology	Hikuleo, Hina, Hine-nui-te-Po, Kanaloa, Kiho-tumu, Makea Tutara, Mahiuki, Mahu-ike, Marama, Mauri, Merau, Milu, Miru, Rimu, Rohe, Whiro
Prussian mythology	Picullus
Pueblo mythology	Iyatiku
Roma (Gypsy) mythology	Beng
Roman mythology	Cerberus, Dea Tacita, Dis Pater, Egestes, Fames, Inferi Dii, Larenta, Letum, Libitina, Mors, Orcus, Pluto, Proserpina, Viduus
Romanian mythology	Diavolu, Satana, Necuratu, Scaraoschi
Russian mythology	Dyavol, Satanaya
Saami mythology	Yambe-akka
Salish mythology	Amotken
Siberian mythology	Chebeldei, Kul
Slavic mythology	Crnobog, Flins, Marzana, Nyia
Sumerian mythology	Edimmu, Ekimmu, Endukugga, Enmesarra, Ereshkigal, Gidim, Gula, Irkalla, Kur, Namtar, Nergal, Neti, Nindukugga, Ninlil, Urshanabi, Ziusudra
Syrian mythology	Reshep
Tamil mythology	Cur
Thracian mythology	Heros
Turkic mythology	Erlik
Vodou	Baron Cimetière, Baron La Croix, Baron Samedi, Ghede, Maman Brigitte, Marassa Jumeaux
Wagawaga mythology	Tumudurere
Yoruba mythology	Oya
Yurak mythology	Nga
Zuni mythology	Uhepono
Classicism	Stuades Davies

See also

• World Tree—A tree that connects the heavens, the earth, and the underworld in a number of spiritual belief systems