Underworld

For other uses, see Underworld (disambiguation).

Yggdrasil, a modern attempt to reconstruct the Norse world tree which connects the heavens, the world, and the underworld.

The underworld or netherworld is thought to be deep underground or beneath the surface of the world in most religions and mythologies. Typically it is a place where the souls of the recently departed go, an afterlife or a realm of the dead. Chthonic is the technical adjective for things of the underworld.

Underworlds by mythology

This list includes underworlds in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.

Aztec mythology	Mictlan
Babylonian mythology	Irkalla
Buddhist mythology	Naraka (also Niraya)
Celtic mythology	Annwn, Mag Mell
Chinese mythology	Diyu
Christian mythology	Hades, Hell, Sheol, Gehenna, Tártaros, Limbo, Purgatory
Egyptian mythology	Aaru, Duat, Neter-khertet, Amenti
Estonian mythology	Toonela
Fijian mythology	see Melanesian mythology
Finnish mythology	Tuonela
Germanic	Hel, Niflheim
Greek mythology	Main article: Greek underworld Elysium, Asphodel Meadows, Hadēs, Tártaros
Guanche mythology	Echeide, Guayota
Hindu mythology	Naraka or Yamaloka, Patala
Hopi mythology	Maski
Hungarian mythology	Alvilág
Inca mythology	Uku Pacha
Inuit mythology	Adlivun
Islamic mythology	Jahannam, Naar, Barzakh, Araf
Jain mythology	Naraka, Adho Loka (the lower worlds)
Japanese mythology/Shinto	Yomi, Jigoku
Jewish/Hebrew mythology	Sheol, Gehenna
Korean mythology	"Ji-Ok" 지옥 地獄
Latvian mythology	Aizsaule
Malay mythology	Alam Ghaib (The unseen realm)
Indonesian mythology
Māori mythology	Hawaiki, Rarohenga
Mapuche mythology	Pellumawida, Degin, Wenuleufu, Ngullchenmaiwe
Maya mythology	Metnal, Xibalba
Melanesian mythology	(includes Fijian) Bulu, Burotu, Murimuria, Nabangatai, Tuma
Norse mythology	Gimlé, Hel, Niflheim, Vingólf
Oromo mythology	Ekera
Persian mythology	Duzakh
Philippine mythology	Kasanaan
Polynesian mythology	Avaiki, Bulotu, Iva, Lua-o-Milu, Nga- Atua, Pulotu, Rangi Tuarea, Te Toi-o-nga-Ranga, Uranga-o-Te-Ra
Pueblo mythology	Shipap
Roman mythology	Inferno, Avernus, Orcus/Hadēs, Pluto
Slavic mythology	Nav, Podsvetie, Peklo
Sumerian mythology	Dilmun, Kur, Irkalla, Hubur
Turko-Mongol	Erlik
Vodou mythology	Guinee
Wagga Wagga mythology	Hiyoyoa

Underworld rulers

This list includes rulers or guardians of the underworld in various mythologies, with links to corresponding articles.

Aboriginal mythology	Baiame (Kamilaroi), Eingana
Akkadian mythology	Allu, Anu, Anunnaku, Ereshkigal, Etemmu, Gallu, Humbaba, Mamitu, Nergal, Utnapishtim
Albanian mythology	E Bukura e Dheut
Turko-Mongol	Erlik
Armenian mythology	Spandaramat
Aztec mythology	Mictlantecuhtli, Mictecacihuatl, Chalmecacihuilt, Chalmecatl
Babylonian mythology	Erra, Nergal, Ninlil, Sursunabu, Ur-shanabi, Utnapishtim
Balinese mythology	Batara Kala, Setesuyara
Bon mythology	gNyan
Buddhist mythology	Yama, Emma-O-, Yanluo
Canaanite mythology	Mot
Celtic mythology	Aed, Arawn, Cwn Annwn, Donn, Gwyn ap Nudd, Manannán mac Lir, Pwyll
Chinese mythology	Gui, Yanluo
Christian	Satan
Egyptian mythology	Aken, Aker (strictly only the gatekeeper), Am-heh, Amunet, Ammit, Andjety, Anubis, Apep, Apis, Astennu, Ha, Imiut (if the Imiut was ever considered a god), Isis, Mehen, Naunet, Nehebkau, Nephthys, Nun, Nut, Osiris, Ptah, Seker, Thoth
Elamite mythology	Jabru
Estonian mythology	Vanapagan
Etruscan mythology	Charun, Culsu, Februus, Mania, Mantus, Nethuns, Tuchulcha, Vanth
Finnish mythology	Kalma, Kipu-Tyttö, Kivutar, Lovitar, Surma, Tuonen akka, Tuonetar, Tuoni, Vammatar
Greek mythology	Cerberus, Charon, Hadēs, Keres, Persephone, Thánatos, Tártaros
Georgian mythology	sasuleti
Haida mythology	Ta'xet, Tia
Hinduism	Yamaraja
Hopi mythology	Maasaw
Ibo mythology	Ala
Incan mythology	Supay, Vichama
Indonesian mythology (ancient Javananese, Sundanese and Balinese)	Batara Kala guardian for sinners souls' underworld, Dewi Sri guardess for the righteous souls' underworld
Inuit mythology	Pana, Sedna
Islam mythology	Maalik as the guardian of the jahannam hell's door, Iblis accompany the sinners in jahannam
Japanese mythology	Hisa-Me, Hotoke, Ika-Zuchi-no-Kami, Jikininki, Shiko-Me, Shiti Dama, Shi-Ryo, Yama
Kassite mythology	Dur
Khmer mythology	Preas Eyssaur
Latvian mythology	Veļi, Velu mate, Zemes mate
Levantine mythology	Mot
Lunda mythology	Kalunga
Maori mythology	Kewa
Maya mythology	Xibalba
Melanesian mythology	(includes Fijian mythology) Degei, Ratumaibulu, Samulayo
Narragansett mythology	Chepi
Navaho mythology	Estanatelhi
Niquiran mythology	Mictanteot
Norse mythology	Garmr, Hel, Ran
Orokolo mythology	Kiavari
Persian mythology	Angra Mainyu, Azhi Dahaka, Peri
Philippine mythology (Look to the Christian Mythology for more information)	""Bathala", Demonyo Demon, Lucifer, Dyablo Diablo, Satan
Phoenician mythology	Horon
Phrygian mythology	Men
Polynesian mythology	Hikuleo, Hina, Hine-nui-te-Po, Kanaloa, Kiho-tumu, Makea Tutara, Mahiuki, Mahu-ike, Marama, Mauri, Merau, Milu, Miru, Rimu, Rohe, Whiro
Prussian mythology	Picullus
Pueblo mythology	Iyatiku
Roma (Gypsy) mythology	Beng
Roman mythology	Cerberus, Dea Tacita, Dis Pater, Egestes, Fames, Inferi Dii, Larenta, Letum, Libitina, Mors, Orcus, Pluto, Proserpina, Viduus
Romanian mythology	Diavolu, Satana, Necuratu, Scaraoschi
Russian mythology	Dyavol, Satanaya
Saami mythology	Yambe-akka
Salish mythology	Amotken
Siberian mythology	Chebeldei, Kul
Slavic mythology	Crnobog, Flins, Marzana, Nyia, Veles (god)
Sumerian mythology	Edimmu, Ekimmu, Endukugga, Enmesarra, Ereshkigal, Gidim, Gula, Irkalla, Kur, Namtar, Nergal, Neti, Nindukugga, Ninlil, Urshanabi, Ziusudra
Syrian mythology	Reshep
Tamil mythology	Cur
Thracian mythology	Heros
Turkic mythology	Erlik
Vodou	Baron Cimetière, Baron La Croix, Baron Samedi, Ghede, Maman Brigitte, Marassa Jumeaux
Wagawaga mythology	Tumudurere
Yoruba mythology	Esu
Yurak mythology	Nga
Zuni mythology	Uhepono

See also

• World Tree — A tree that connects the heavens, the earth, and the underworld in a number of spiritual belief systems