United States House of Representatives elections, 1918

United States House of Representatives elections, 1918

1916 ← November 5, 1918 → 1920

All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives 218 seats were needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party   Leader Frederick Gillett Champ Clark Party Republican Democratic Leader's seat Massachusetts-2nd Missouri-9th Last election 215 seats 214 seats Seats won 240 192 Seat change 25 22   Third party Fourth party   Leader William Leighton Carss Charles H. Randall Party Farmer-Labor Prohibition Leader's seat Minnesota-8th California-9th Last election 0 seats 1 seat Seats won 1 1 Seat change 1

Speaker before election Champ Clark Democratic Elected Speaker Frederick Gillett Republican

The U.S. House election, 1918 was an election for the United States House of Representatives on 1918-11-05 which occurred in the middle of President Woodrow Wilson's second term.

With the country now in World War I (contrary to previous promises by Wilson), and Wilson's personal popularity ebbing, the Republican Party was able to gain 25 seats and take over control of the House from Wilson's Democratic Party. Internal divide among Democratic leadership over aspects related to payment of the war also decreased the unity of the party, which had been the organization's strength during the decade. The Progressive Party also disappeared, with its former members generally becoming Democrats. Minnesota's Farmer-Labor Party, a descendant of populism, also gained its very first seat.

Frederick H. Gillett (R-Massachusetts) became Speaker, and previous speaker Champ Clark (D-Missouri) became Minority Leader.

Overall results

Party	Total seats	Change	Seat percentage
Republican Party	240	25	55.2%
Democratic Party	192	22	44.2%
Farmer-Labor Party	1	1	0.2%
Prohibition Party	1		0.2%
Totals	4351		100.0%

¹ One vacancy, Victor L. Berger, a member of the Socialist Party of America, whom the House refused to seat.

House seats by party holding plurality in state   80.1-100% Democratic   80.1-100% Republican   60.1-80% Democratic   60.1-80% Republican   Up to 60% Democratic   Up to 60% Republican

Gain in seats   6+ Democratic   6+ Republican   3-5 Democratic   3-5 Republican   1-2 Democratic   1-2 Republican   1-2 Socialist   1-2 Farmer-Labor   no net change

Complete list of races

Alabama

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Alabama 1	Oscar Lee Gray	Democratic	1914	Retired Democratic hold	John McDuffie (D) Unopposed
Alabama 2	S. Hubert Dent, Jr.	Democratic	1908	Re-elected	S. Hubert Dent, Jr. (D) Unopposed
Alabama 3	Henry B. Steagall	Democratic	1914	Re-elected	Henry B. Steagall (D) Unopposed
Alabama 4	Fred L. Blackmon	Democratic	1910	Re-elected	Fred L. Blackmon (D) 66.15% J. A. Bingham (R) 33.85%
Alabama 5	J. Thomas Heflin	Democratic	1904	Re-elected	J. Thomas Heflin (D) Unopposed
Alabama 6	William B. Oliver	Democratic	1914	Re-elected	William B. Oliver (D) Unopposed
Alabama 7	John L. Burnett	Democratic	1898	Re-elected	John L. Burnett (D) 56.23% Oliver D Street (R) 43.78%
Alabama 8	Edward B. Almon	Democratic	1914	Re-elected	Edward B. Almon (D) Unopposed
Alabama 9	George Huddleston	Democratic	1914	Re-elected	George Huddleston (D) 85.78% Joseph O. Thompson (R) 14.22
Alabama 10	William B. Bankhead	Democratic	1916	Re-elected	William B. Bankhead (D) Unopposed

Arizona

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Arizona At-Large	Carl Hayden	Democratic	1911	Re-elected	Carl Hayden (D) 60.40% Thomas Maddock (R) 37.90% Peter T Robertson (S) 1.70%

Arkansas

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Arkansas 1	Thaddeus H. Caraway	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	Thaddeus H. Caraway (D) Unopposed
Arkansas 2	William A. Oldfield	Democratic	1908	Re-elected	William A. Oldfield (D) Unopposed
Arkansas 3	John N. Tillman	Democratic	1914	Re-elected	John N. Tillman (D) Unopposed
Arkansas 4	Otis Wingo	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	Otis Wingo (D) Unopposed
Arkansas 5	Henderson M. Jacoway	Democratic	1910	Re-elected	Henderson M. Jacoway (D) Unopposed
Arkansas 6	Samuel M. Taylor	Democratic	1913	Re-elected	Samuel M. Taylor (D) Unopposed
Arkansas 7	William S. Goodwin	Democratic	1910	Re-elected	William S. Goodwin (D) Unopposed

California

Main article: United States House of Representatives elections in California, 1918

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
California 1	Clarence F. Lea	Democratic	1916	Re-elected	Clarence F. Lea (D) (unopposed)
California 2	John E. Raker	Democratic	1910	Re-elected	John E. Raker (D) (unopposed)
California 3	Charles F. Curry	Republican	1912	Re-elected	Charles F. Curry (R) 91.6% Allen K. Gifford (S) 8.4%
California 4	Julius Kahn	Republican	1898	Re-elected	Julius Kahn (R) 86.6% William Short (S) 13.4%
California 5	John I. Nolan	Republican	1912	Re-elected	John I. Nolan (R) 87% Thomas F. Feeley (S) 13%
California 6	John A. Elston	Progressive	1912	Re-elected as Republican Republican gain	John A. Elston (R) 88.4% Luella Twining (S) 11.6%
California 7	Denver S. Church	Democratic	1912	Retired Republican gain	Henry E. Barbour (R) 52.1% Henry Hawson (D) 47.9%
California 8	Everis A. Hayes	Republican	1904	Lost re-election Democratic gain	Hugh S. Hersman (D) 53% Everis A. Hayes (R) 47%
California 9	Charles H. Randall	Prohibition	1914	Re-elected	Charles H. Randall (Proh.) 53% Montaville Flowers (R) 43.3% Grace Silver Henry (S) 3.7%
California 10	Henry Z. Osborne	Republican	1916	Re-elected	Henry Z. Osborne (R) 88.2% James H. Ryckman (S) 11.8%
California 11	William Kettner	Democratic	1912	Re-elected	William Kettner (D) 72.2% N. D. Hamilton (Proh.) 27.8%

Colorado

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Colorado 1	Benjamin Clark Hilliard	Democratic	1914	Lost re-election Republican gain	William Newell Vaile (R) 54.19% John L Stack (D) 31.88 Benjamin Clark Hilliard (I) 11.91% Fred Underhill (S) 2.02%
Colorado 2	Charles Bateman Timberlake	Republican	1914	Re-elected	Charles Bateman Timberlake (R) 61.48% R. E. Jones (D) 38.52%
Colorado 3	Edward Keating	Democratic	1912	Lost re-election Republican gain	Guy Urban Hardy (R) 50.95% Edward Keating (D) 46.71% Edith Halcomb (S) 2.33%
Colorado 4	Edward Thomas Taylor	Democratic	1908	Re-elected	Edward Thomas Taylor (D) 65.72% Straud M. Logan (R) 34.28%

Connecticut

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Colorado 1	Augustine Lonergan	Democratic	1916	Re-elected
Colorado 2	Richard P. Freeman	Republican	1914	Re-elected
Colorado 3	John Q. Tilson	Republican	1914	Re-elected
Colorado 4	Schuyler Merritt	Republican	1917	Re-elected
Colorado 5	James P. Glynn	Republican	1914	Re-elected

Delaware

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Delaware At-Large	Albert F. Polk	Democratic	1916	Lost re-election Republican gain	Caleb R. Layton (R) 51.40% Albert F. Polk (D) 47.59% William H Crawford (S) 1.02%

Florida

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Florida 1	Herbert J. Drane	Democratic	1916	re-elected	Herbert J. Drane (D) (unopposed)
Florida 2	Frank Clark	Democratic	1904	re-elected	Frank Clark (D) (unopposed)
Florida 3	Walter Kehoe	Democratic	1916	Lost renomination Democratic hold	John H. Smithwick (D) (unopposed)
Florida 4	William J. Sears	Democratic	1914	re-elected	William J. Sears (D) (unopposed)

Idaho

This was the first election in which Idaho was divided into districts, formerly it had had a single at-large district with two seats.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Idaho 1	Burton L. French Redistricted from the at-large district	Republican	1916	Re-elected	Burton L. French (R) 63.35% L. I. Purcell (D) 36.66%
Idaho 2	Addison T. Smith Redistricted from the at-large district	Republican	1912	Re-elected	Addison T. Smith (R) 63.16% C. R. Jeppesen (D) 36.84%

References

• Langland, James, ed. (1920). The Chicago Daily News Almanac and Yearbook for 1920. Chicago, IL: The Chicago Daily News. 

See also

• 66th United States Congress
• United States Senate elections, 1918