United States congressional delegations from Alabama
Since Alabama became a U.S. state in 1819, it has sent congressional delegations to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. Each state elects two senators to serve for six years, and members of the House to two-year terms. Before becoming a state, the Alabama Territory elected a non-voting delegate at-large to Congress from 1818 to 1819.
These are tables of congressional delegations from Alabama to the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives.
Current delegation
| Current U.S. senators from Alabama | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama
|
Class II senator | Class III senator | ||
 Tommy Tuberville (Junior senator) |
.jpg) Richard Shelby (Senior senator) | |||
| Party | Republican | Republican | ||
| Incumbent since | January 3, 2021 | January 3, 1987 | ||
Alabama's current congressional delegation in the 117th Congress consists of its two senators, both of whom are Republicans, and its seven representatives: 6 Republicans, 1 Democrat.
The current dean of the Alabama delegation is Senator Richard Shelby, having served in the U.S. Senate since 1987, and in the U.S. Congress since 1979. Template:Current U.S. representatives from Alabama
United States Senate
| Class II senator | Congress | Class III senator | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| William R. King (DR) | 16th (1819–1821) | John Williams Walker (DR) | ||
| 17th (1821–1823) | ||||
| William Kelly (DR) | ||||
| 18th (1823–1825) | ||||
| William R. King (J) | 19th (1825–1827) | Henry H. Chambers (J) | ||
| Israel Pickens (J) | ||||
| John McKinley (J) | ||||
| 20th (1827–1829) | ||||
| 21st (1829–1831) | ||||
| 22nd (1831–1833) | Gabriel Moore (J) | |||
| 23rd (1833–1835) | Gabriel Moore (NR) | |||
| 24th (1835–1837) | ||||
| William R. King (D) | 25th (1837–1839) | John McKinley (D) | ||
| Clement Comer Clay (D) | ||||
| 26th (1839–1841) | ||||
| 27th (1841–1843) | ||||
| Arthur P. Bagby (D) | ||||
| 28th (1843–1845) | ||||
| Dixon Hall Lewis (D) | ||||
| 29th (1845–1847) | ||||
| 30th (1847–1849) | ||||
| Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | William R. King (D) | |||
| 31st (1849–1851) | ||||
| Jeremiah Clemens (D) | ||||
| 32nd (1851–1853) | ||||
| Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | ||||
| vacant[a] | 33rd (1853–1855) | |||
| Clement Claiborne Clay (D) | ||||
| 34th (1855–1857) | vacant[a] | |||
| Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | ||||
| 35th (1857–1859) | ||||
| 36th (1859–1861) | ||||
| vacant[b] | vacant | |||
| 37th (1861–1863) | ||||
| 38th (1863–1865) | ||||
| 39th (1865–1867) | ||||
| 40th (1867–1869) | ||||
| Willard Warner (R) | George E. Spencer (R) | |||
| 41st (1869–1871) | ||||
| George Goldthwaite (D) | 42nd (1871–1873) | |||
| 43rd (1873–1875) | ||||
| 44th (1875–1877) | ||||
| John Tyler Morgan (D) | 45th (1877–1879) | |||
| 46th (1879–1881) | George S. Houston (D) | |||
| Luke Pryor (D) | ||||
| James L. Pugh (D) | ||||
| 47th (1881–1883) | ||||
| 48th (1883–1885) | ||||
| 49th (1885–1887) | ||||
| 50th (1887–1889) | ||||
| 51st (1889–1891) | ||||
| 52nd (1891–1893) | ||||
| 53rd (1893–1895) | ||||
| 54th (1895–1897) | ||||
| 55th (1897–1899) | Edmund Pettus (D) | |||
| 56th (1899–1901) | ||||
| 57th (1901–1903) | ||||
| 58th (1903–1905) | ||||
| 59th (1905–1907) | ||||
| 60th (1907–1909) | ||||
| John H. Bankhead (D) | Joseph F. Johnston (D) | |||
| 61st (1909–1911) | ||||
| 62nd (1911–1913) | ||||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | vacant[c] | |||
| Francis S. White (D) | ||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | Oscar Underwood (D) | |||
| 65th (1917–1919) | ||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | ||||
| B. B. Comer (D) | ||||
| James Thomas Heflin (D) | ||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | ||||
| 68th (1923–1925) | ||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | ||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | Hugo Black (D) | |||
| 71st (1929–1931) | ||||
| John H. Bankhead II (D) | 72nd (1931–1933) | |||
| 73rd (1933–1935) | ||||
| 74th (1935–1937) | ||||
| 75th (1937–1939) | ||||
| Dixie Bibb Graves (D) | ||||
| J. Lister Hill (D) | ||||
| 76th (1939–1941) | ||||
| 77th (1941–1943) | ||||
| 78th (1943–1945) | ||||
| 79th (1945–1947) | ||||
| George R. Swift (D) | ||||
| John Sparkman (D) | ||||
| 80th (1947–1949) | ||||
| 81st (1949–1951) | ||||
| 82nd (1951–1953) | ||||
| 83rd (1953–1955) | ||||
| 84th (1955–1957) | ||||
| 85th (1957–1959) | ||||
| 86th (1959–1961) | ||||
| 87th (1961–1963) | ||||
| 88th (1963–1965) | ||||
| 89th (1965–1967) | ||||
| 90th (1967–1969) | ||||
| 91st (1969–1971) | James Allen (D) | |||
| 92nd (1971–1973) | ||||
| 93rd (1973–1975) | ||||
| 94th (1975–1977) | ||||
| 95th (1977–1979) | ||||
| Maryon Pittman Allen (D) | ||||
| Donald Stewart (D) | ||||
| Howell Heflin (D) | 96th (1979–1981) | |||
| Jeremiah Denton (R) | ||||
| 97th (1981–1983) | ||||
| 98th (1983–1985) | ||||
| 99th (1985–1987) | ||||
| 100th (1987–1989) | Richard Shelby (D) | |||
| 101st (1989–1991) | ||||
| 102nd (1991–1993) | ||||
| 103rd (1993–1995) | ||||
| Richard Shelby (R) | ||||
| 104th (1995–1997) | ||||
| Jeff Sessions (R) | 105th (1997–1999) | |||
| 106th (1999–2001) | ||||
| 107th (2001–2003) | ||||
| 108th (2003–2005) | ||||
| 109th (2005–2007) | ||||
| 110th (2007–2009) | ||||
| 111th (2009–2011) | ||||
| 112th (2011–2013) | ||||
| 113th (2013–2015) | ||||
| 114th (2015–2017) | ||||
| 115th (2017–2019) | ||||
| Luther Strange (R) | ||||
| Doug Jones (D) | ||||
| 116th (2019–2021) | ||||
| Tommy Tuberville (R) | 117th (2021-2023) | |||
United States House of Representatives
1818–1819: 1 non-voting delegate
Starting on January 29, 1818, Alabama Territory sent a non-voting delegate to the House.
| Congress | Delegate from Territory's at-large district |
|---|---|
| 15th (1817–1819) | John Crowell (DR) |
| 16th (March 4, 1819– December 14, 1819) |
vacant |
1819–1823: 1 seat
After statehood on December 14, 1819, Alabama had one seat in the House.
| Congress | At-large district |
|---|---|
| 16th (1819–1821) | John Crowell (DR) |
| 17th (1821–1823) | Gabriel Moore (DR) |
1823–1833: 3 seats
Following the 1820 census, Alabama had three seats.
| Congress | District | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| 18th (1823–1825) | Gabriel Moore (DR)[d] | John McKee (DR)[d] | George Washington Owen (DR)[d] |
| 19th (1825–1827) | Gabriel Moore (J) | John McKee (J) | George Washington Owen (J) |
| 20th (1827–1829) | |||
| 21st (1829–1831) | Clement Comer Clay (J) | Robert E. B. Baylor (J) | Dixon Hall Lewis (J) |
| 22nd (1831–1833) | Samuel Wright Mardis (J) | ||
1833–1843: 5 seats
Following the 1830 census, Alabama had five seats. During the 27th Congress, those seats were all elected statewide at-large on a general ticket.
| Congress | District | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | |
| 23rd (1833–1835) | Clement Comer Clay (J) | John McKinley (J) | Samuel Wright Mardis (J) | Dixon Hall Lewis (N) | John Murphy (J) |
| 24th (1835–1837) | Reuben Chapman (J) | Joshua L. Martin (J) | Joab Lawler (J) | Francis Strother Lyon (NR) | |
| 25th (1837–1839) | Reuben Chapman (D) | Joshua L. Martin (D) | Joab Lawler (W) | Dixon Hall Lewis (D) | Francis Strother Lyon (W) |
| George Whitfield Crabb (W) | |||||
| 26th (1839–1841) | David Hubbard (D) | James Dellet (W) | |||
| 27th (1841–1843) | 5 seats elected on a general ticket from Alabama's at-large district | ||||
| 1st seat | 2nd seat | 3rd seat | 4th seat | 5th seat | |
| Reuben Chapman (D) | George S. Houston (D) | William Winter Payne (D) |
Dixon Hall Lewis (D) | Benjamin Glover Shields (D) | |
1843–1863: 7 seats
Following the 1840 census, Alabama resumed the use of districts, now increased to seven.
1863–1873: 6 seats
Following the 1860 census, Alabama was apportioned six seats.
| Congress | District | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | |
| 38–39th (1863–1867) |
Vacant during American Civil War | |||||
| 40th (1867–1869) | ||||||
| Francis W. Kellogg (R) | Charles Waldron Buckley (R) |
Benjamin W. Norris (R) | Charles W. Pierce (R) | John B. Callis (R) | Thomas Haughey (R) | |
| 41st (1869–1871) | Alfred Eliab Buck (R) | Robert Stell Heflin (R) | Charles Hays (R) | Peter Myndert Cox (D) |
William C. Sherrod (D) | |
| 42nd (1871–1873) | Benjamin S. Turner (R) | William A. Handley (D) | Joseph H. Sloss (D) | |||
1873–1893: 8 seats
Following the 1870 census, Alabama was apportioned eight seats. From 1873 to 1877, the two new seats were elected at large, statewide. After 1877, however, the entire delegation was redistricted.
1893–1913: 9 seats
Following the 1890 census, Alabama was apportioned nine seats.
1913–1933: 10 seats
Following the 1910 census, Alabama was apportioned ten seats. At first, the extra seat was elected at-large. Starting with the 1916 elections, the seats were redistricted and a tenth district was added.
| Congress | District | At-large | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | ||
| 63rd (1913–1915) | George W. Taylor (D) |
S. Hubert Dent Jr. (D) |
Henry De Lamar Clayton Jr. (D) |
Fred L. Blackmon (D) |
James Thomas Heflin (D) |
Richmond P. Hobson (D) |
John L. Burnett (D) |
William Richardson (D) | Oscar Underwood (D) |
John Abercrombie (D) |
| William Oscar Mulkey (D) |
Christopher Columbus Harris (D) | |||||||||
| 64th (1915–1917) | Oscar Lee Gray (D) |
Henry B. Steagall (D) |
William Bacon Oliver (D) |
Edward B. Almon (D) | George Huddleston (D) | |||||
| 65th (1917–1919) | 10th district | |||||||||
| William B. Bankhead (D) | ||||||||||
| 66th (1919–1921) | John McDuffie (D) | |||||||||
| William B. Bowling (D) |
Lilius Bratton Rainey (D) | |||||||||
| 67th (1921–1923) | John R. Tyson (D) |
Lamar Jeffers (D) | ||||||||
| 68th (1923–1925) | Miles C. Allgood (D) | |||||||||
| Lister Hill (D) | ||||||||||
| 69th (1925–1927) | ||||||||||
| 70th (1927–1929) | ||||||||||
| LaFayette L. Patterson (D) | ||||||||||
| 71st (1929–1931) | ||||||||||
| 72nd (1931–1933) | ||||||||||
| Congress | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th |
| District | ||||||||||
1933–1963: 9 seats
Following the 1930 census, Alabama was apportioned nine seats.
| Congress | District | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | |
| 73rd (1933–1935) | John McDuffie (D) | Lister Hill (D) | Henry B. Steagall (D) |
Lamar Jeffers (D) | Miles C. Allgood (D) | William Bacon Oliver (D) |
William B. Bankhead (D) | Archibald Hill Carmichael (D) |
George Huddleston (D) |
| 74th (1935–1937) | Frank W. Boykin (D) |
Sam Hobbs (D) | Joe Starnes (D) | ||||||
| 75th (1937–1939) | Pete Jarman (D) | John Sparkman (D) |
Luther Patrick (D) | ||||||
| George M. Grant (D) | |||||||||
| 76th (1939–1941) | |||||||||
| Zadoc Weatherford (D) | |||||||||
| 77th (1941–1943) | Walter W. Bankhead (D) | ||||||||
| Carter Manasco (D) | |||||||||
| 78th (1943–1945) | George W. Andrews (D) |
John P. Newsome (D) | |||||||
| 79th (1945–1947) | Albert Rains (D) | Luther Patrick (D) | |||||||
| 80th (1947–1949) | Bob Jones (D) |
Laurie C. Battle (D) | |||||||
| 81st (1949–1951) | Edward deGraffenried (D) |
Carl Elliott (D) | |||||||
| 82nd (1951–1953) | Kenneth A. Roberts (D) | ||||||||
| 83rd (1953–1955) | Armistead I. Selden Jr. (D) | ||||||||
| 84th (1955–1957) | George Huddleston Jr. (D) | ||||||||
| 85th (1957–1959) | |||||||||
| 86th (1959–1961) | |||||||||
| 87th (1961–1963) | |||||||||
| Congress | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th |
| District | |||||||||
1963–1973: 8 seats
Following the 1960 census, Alabama was apportioned eight seats. During the 88th Congress, those seats were all elected statewide at-large on a general ticket.
| Congress | 8 seats elected on a general ticket from Alabama's at-large district | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st seat | 2nd seat | 3rd seat | 4th seat | 5th seat | 6th seat | 7th seat | 8th seat | |
| 88th (1963–1965) | George Huddleston Jr. (D) |
George M. Grant (D) |
George Andrews (D) | Kenneth A. Roberts (D) |
Armistead I. Selden Jr. (D) |
Albert Rains (D) | Carl Elliott (D) | Bob Jones (D) |
| Congress | District | |||||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | 6th | 7th | 8th | |
| 89th (1965–1967) | Jack Edwards (R) | Bill Dickinson (R) |
George Andrews (D) | Glenn Andrews (R) | Armistead I. Selden Jr. (D) |
John Hall Buchanan Jr. (R) |
James D. Martin (R) | Bob Jones (D) |
| 90th (1967–1969) | Bill Nichols (D) | Tom Bevill (D) | ||||||
| 91st (1969–1971) | Walter Flowers (D) | |||||||
| 92nd (1971–1973) | ||||||||
| Elizabeth Andrews (D) | ||||||||
1973–present: 7 seats
Since the 1970 census, Alabama has been apportioned seven seats.
Key
| Democratic (D) |
| Democratic-Republican (DR) |
| Greenback (GB) |
| Jacksonian (J) |
| Know Nothing (KN) |
| National Republican (NR) |
| Nullifier (N) |
| Populist (Pop) |
| Republican (R) |
| Union (U) |
| Whig (W) |
See also
- List of United States congressional districts
- Alabama's congressional districts
- Political party strength in Alabama
Notes
- ^ a b Seat was vacant due to failure of legislature to elect a senator by the beginning of the congress.
- ^ George S. Houston presented credentials as a senator-elect on February 9, 1866, but was not permitted to take his seat, Alabama having not been re-admitted to the Union.
- ^ The seat was vacant from August 8, 1913, to May 11, 1914. Henry D. Clayton was appointed to the U.S. Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Joseph F. Johnston in 1913, but his appointment was challenged and withdrawn. Franklin Potts Glass Sr. was also appointed to the seat, but the U.S. Senate voted not to seat him.
- ^ a b c Supported the Jackson faction in the 1824 United States presidential election
- ^ Seat was contested by James Q. Smith and declared vacant; the original representative won back his own seat.
- ^ Successfully contested the election of the representative that was replaced.
References
- ^ "Introducing the 2021 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index". Cook Political Report. Retrieved 2022-01-17.