University of Michigan Health System

University of Michigan Health System
Motto	Excellence and Leadership in Patient Care, Research and Education
Established	1850 (U-M Medical School) 1869 (University Hospital) 1997 (U-M Health System)
Type	Public
Endowment	$951 million (2006)
Academic staff	2,492
Admin. staff	18,923
Location	Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Campus	128 acres (0.58 km²)
Nickname	UMHS, U-M Health System

The University of Michigan Health System (UMHS) is the wholly owned academic medical center of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. UMHS includes the U-M Medical School, with its Faculty Group Practice and many research laboratories; the U-M Hospitals and Health Centers, which includes University Hospital, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Von Voigtlander Women's Hospital, 120 outpatient clinics and approximately 40 health centers; the clinical programs of the U-M School of Nursing; and the activities of the Michigan Health Corporation, through which UMHS partners with other medical centers and hospitals to provide specialized care throughout Michigan.

In July 2011, the University of Michigan Hospitals & Health Centers finished its 15th straight fiscal year in the black, with an operating margin of 2.1 percent ($44.1 million) on revenues of $2.1 billion. In 2010, the Hospitals and Health Centers attained an operating margin of 3.21 percent ($63.2 million) on revenues of about $1.97 billion. As a not-for-profit entity, UMHS uses positive operating margins to fund continued advances in patient care, education, research, and the facilities needed to support these functions.

Overview

UMHS East Campus

Hospital and outpatient care

UMHS is known for providing a broad range of high-quality care, with specialized centers for Alzheimer's disease, cancer, cardiovascular care, depression, diabetes, epilepsy, geriatrics, organ transplant, pediatrics, trauma/burn, vision, and women’s health research and care. Its hospitals have 925 licensed beds. As a tertiary care center, UMHS has 179 intensive care unit (ICU) beds, giving it one of the highest number of ICU beds in the country.

UMHS is also a high-volume surgical center with a total of 66 operating rooms. The construction of the $523 million Children and Women's Hospital and the $132 million Eye Center expansion will add 18 operating rooms to the Health System for a total of 82 operating rooms. Outpatient care is provided at the main medical campus in Ann Arbor and at numerous satellite locations.

More than 1.6 million outpatient and emergency visits, 44,000 hospital stays, 61,000 surgeries and 4,000 births take place each year at facilities operated by the Hospitals and Health Centers unit of UMHS, including the University Hospital, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, Women’s Hospital and the A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center.

The University of Michigan Hospitals & Health Centers unit has nearly 13,000 employees, including 3,500 nurses. The Michigan Visiting Nurses, a wholly owned part of the Michigan Health Corporation, provides a broad range of high-quality home care services in a 13-county area of southeastern Michigan. These include home nursing, specialty treatments, therapy and palliative care. It also provides public and employer-based immunization services. The University of Michigan Health System owns and operates three helicopters and a Cessna jet in a medical evacuation program called Survival Flight that brings critically ill patients from throughout Michigan and the nation to Ann Arbor for care. The 3 helicopters make 1400 trips annually to transport ill patients from Michigan, Ohio, and Ontario to UMHS. The Cessna twin engine jet makes 150 trips annually to locations across the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

From 1986 to 2006, the Health System included M-CARE, a managed care organization that provided health plans to University faculty, staff, retirees and dependents, and to employees of companies throughout Michigan. In late 2006, due to rapidly changing conditions in the health plan climate and the need for the Health System to focus on its core missions of patient care, research and education, M-CARE was sold to Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and its Blue Care Network subsidiary.

Medical school

University of Michigan Medical Center

All 1,650 physicians who are part of the U-M Medical School Faculty Group Practice hold faculty positions. Patients at many hospitals and clinics in southeastern Michigan also receive U-M physicians' care through affiliations with other health institutions, including the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System.

A total of 683 medical students, 1,010 interns and residents, 503 graduate students and 482 postdoctoral research fellows are currently in training at the Medical School, and more than 15,000 practicing physicians and health professionals receive continuing medical education through U-M courses each year. In addition to the M.D. program and post-M.D. residency and fellowship Graduate Medical Education programs, the U-M Medical School offers master's degree, Ph.D. and post-Ph.D. training in the basic sciences through the Program in Biomedical Sciences (PIBS) and the Horace Rackham School of Graduate Studies.

The VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System is affiliated with the U-M Medical School. All physicians who practice at VA hospital and clinics have U-M faculty appointments, and students may receive training at the VA.

Development and expansion

In 2005, the university unveiled a development master-plan for the medical campus and satellite campuses that is expected to add 3 million square feet (270,000 m²) to the existing 5.6 million square feet (500,000 m²).

• The Master Plan identifies 3 sites for future growth and construction:
  • The main 84-acre (340,000 m²) campus of the University of Michigan Health System.
  • The Wall Street district across the Huron River from the main campus, currently housing the Kellogg Eye Center.
  • A 200-acre (0.81 km²) plot owned by UMHS just east of Ann Arbor, currently housing outpatient centers for geriatrics, psychiatry, and ambulatory surgery.

The Health System recently completed 5 major building projects:

• Ambulatory Surgery and Medical Procedures Center: 6 operating rooms; 4 medical procedures suites.
• Biomedical Science Research Building: 470,000-square-foot (44,000 m²) biomedical research facility.
• Comprehensive Depression Center: First comprehensive depression center in the nation.
• Cardiovascular Center: One of the first comprehensive heart hospitals in the country.

W.K. Kellogg Eye Center and Brehm Center for Diabetes Research

The W.K. Kellogg Eye Center is the home of the University of Michigan Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, part of the Medical School and U-M Health System. The Kellogg Eye Center has center has 64 clinical faculty and 21 research faculty (including nine endowed professorships), 21 residents, 17 research fellows, and 11 clinical fellows. The Department of Ophthalmology was established in 1872 and has served patients at least as early as 1904, when there were 1,400 patient visits to the Eye & Ear Ward. The Kellogg Eye Center opened in 1985; in that year, there were 36,852 visits to the center. In 2011, there were 140,104 patient visits and over 5,783 surgical procedures performed. The Kellogg Eye Center has community clinics in Ann Arbor, Brighton, Canton, Livonia, Milford, West Bloomfield, and Ypsilanti. Eye Center residents also staff the VA Ophthalmology Clinic at the Veterans Affairs Hospital in Ann Arbor.

The expanded W.K. Kellogg Eye Center and new Brehm Center for Diabetes Research opened in March 2010. The $132 million expansion project built the Brehm Tower, an eight-story 230,000-square-foot research and clinical building expands space for the Kellogg Eye Center by 50 percent. The Eye Center is located on the tower's six lower floors, and while the Brehm Center is housed on the upper two floors, which have advanced Type 1 diabetes research laboratories. (Diabetes can cause vision loss). The tower includes nine eye clinics, six operating rooms, and new refractive surgery and cosmetic surgery suites, as well as facilities for support services such as genetic counseling, ophthalmic photography, diagnostic visual electrophysiological testing, and ocular prosthetics. The tower also houses a library, optical shop, and café. The Eye Center has 20 research laboratories in the new building and in the adjoining research tower. Parts of the old three-building facility, including a converted nursing home and geriatric center, may be demolished and turned into a parking lot. In 2010, U-M reported that it expected to add around 100 jobs over the next five to seven years for the new facility.

The tower is named after Virginia philanthropists Delores S. (Dee) and William K. Brehm, who donated $44 million to the University in November 2004, of which around $30 million was dedicated for the Brehm Tower project.

New C. S. Mott Children's and Von Voigtlander Women's Hospital

The new facility for the C. S. Mott Children's and Von Voigtlander Women's Hospital, opened in December 2011 following the completion of a $754 million five-year construction project. It is one of the largest children's hospitals in the United States. The hospital is 1.1 million square feet and consists of a 12-story inpatient wing and a nine-story outpatient wing. There are 348 beds, including 50 maternity rooms and 46 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) rooms. The expansion increases the number of beds at the hospital by 75 percent and makes the hospital the largest of Michigan's three children's hospitals. Every inpatient room is private, in contrast to the old facility, which had mostly double occupancy rooms. The new hospital has 16 operating rooms and two interventional radiology rooms. The first Women's Hospital opened in 1950, while the original C.S. Mott Children's Hospital opened in 1969 and traces its origin to a small ward for sick children that began in 1903.

The new hospital was the most expensive building project in University of Michigan history and one of the most expensive construction projects in state history. Of the $754 million cost, the university financed $588 million through tax-exempt bonds, $91 million through cash reserves from hospital operations, and $75 million through fundraising.

The C. S. Mott Children's and Von Voigtlander Women's Hospital employs about 4,000 people and is gradually hiring 500 more now that the hospital expansion is complete.

Major projects in development

Finally, UMHS has four major projects that are currently in development:

• Cardiovascular Research Building: To complement the recently completed clinical facility.
• Musculoskeletal Center: An orthopaedics hospital that will be located on the East Ann Arbor campus.
• Emergency Department Facility: A free-standing emergency health center to be located in Brighton, MI.
• Health Education Building: To house the Medical School's anatomy labs, classrooms, physical examination rooms, and the clinical simulation center.

Rankings

UMHS is considered one of the nation’s leading medical and research institutions and has received many awards and honors recognizing its advanced medical care, leading-edge biomedical research and broad range of educational activities.

For 14 consecutive years through 2009, UMHS has been named to the "Honor Roll of America's Best Hospitals" compiled by U.S. News and World Report magazine. In 2008, U.S. News and World Report ranked UMHS 13th in its honor roll and recognized it in 15 areas of specialized care. The University of Michigan Health System ranks among the top hospitals, most notably in Ear, Nose, and Throat; Neurology and Neurosurgery; Orthopaedic Surgery; Heart and Heart Surgery; Cancer; Ophthalmology; and Urology.

UMHS was also one of only five academic medical centers to be recognized by the University Health System Consortium in 2006 for demonstrating excellence in delivering high-quality, safe, effective, and equitable care to patients. Nearly 300 of its physicians are listed among the "Best Doctors in America," and the C.S. Mott Children's Hospital has repeatedly been named to Child Magazine's list of the nation's "Best Children's Hospitals."

The Medical School’s 2,492 faculty provide advanced medical and surgical care, and perform leading-edge scientific research, while training some of the best young doctors and biomedical scientists in the country. As of 2009, 163 chairs are endowed in the medical school. The Medical School is ranked 6th in the nation by U.S. News and World Report and has the nation's 10th highest total of research funding from the National Institutes of Health, with NIH funding of $265 million and a total annual research budget of more than $333 million.

Main medical campus

The current medical campus complex includes facilities for the UM Medical School, which was founded in 1848 as the Department of Medicine and opened to students in 1850. The medical campus complex also includes the Hospitals and Health Centers, which trace their history back to the nation's first university owned and operated hospital which opened in 1869.

Today, the complex includes:

• University Hospital - opened 1986 - 11 stories, 794 beds. Home to adult inpatient medical, surgical, and psychiatric care; 33 operating rooms; the Adult and Pediatric Emergency Departments; and diagnostic facilities for adult and some pediatric patients. Also includes large outpatient and inpatient pharmacies, clinical pathology labs, rehabilitation facilities, a cafeteria, a gift shop, a non-denominational chapel, an auditorium, numerous classrooms, and support functions including food preparation, sanitation and medical equipment maintenance. Home to the following renowned specialty care programs and centers:
  • Level I Adult Trauma Center: Designated by the American College of Surgeons.
  • Michigan Trauma-Burn Unit: World-famous Burn Center receiving the highest Level I designation by the American Burn Association.
  • Michigan Transplant Center: One of the busiest transplant centers in the country; performed over 7,100 solid organ transplants since 1964.
  • Michigan Comprehensive Epilepsy Center: Awarded highest designation by the National Association of Epilepsy Centers.
  • Michigan Stroke Center: Designated Primary Stroke Center by the Joint Commission on Accreditation; featuring 6-bed Stroke Unit (opened in 2005) modeled on the European system of stroke care that has demonstrated positive patient outcomes.
• C.S. Mott Children's Hospital - opened 1969, expanded in the 1980s and 90s, construction of a new Children's Hospital began in 2006. Current hospital building is 8 stories and contains 200 beds. Home to inpatient care for children and adolescents, including a 15-bed Child & Adolescent Psychiatry unit and a 40-bed Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Includes 9 operating rooms, diagnostic facilities, rehabilitation facilities, a gift shop, indoor and outdoor play areas, a classroom, and a chapel. New $523 million Mott Children's and Women's Hospital to be completed in 2011. New hospital will be 2 towers: one 12-story inpatient building with 264 beds and 16 operating rooms and one 9-story outpatient clinic facility. Home to several world-renowned specialty centers:
  • Level I Pediatric Trauma Center: One of only 13 children's hospitals designated Level I; features the Sorini Children's Emergency Medicine Center, established by a $7 million gift from Dr. Ernest Sorini.
  • Michigan Congenital Heart Center: International referral center; widely regarded as best congenital heart center in the US; conducts 850 heart operations and 600 heart catheterizations per year.
  • Holden Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: 40-bed facility, one of the largest neonatal ICU's in the country. Unit will expand to 46 private beds when the new Children's Hospital is completed.
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Technology developed at U-M; provides temporary heart and lung assistance in the intensive care setting. Approximately 90-130 patients undergo ECMO treatment at UMHS per year, many of them flown to the Health System from across the country by the UMHS Survival Flight program.
  • Pediatric Liver Transplant Program: One of the largest programs in the nation; provides children with cadaveric or live donor transplants.
  • Regional Infectious Containment Unit: A special 32-bed unit that will occupy the top floor of the new hospital to be completed in 2011. All beds will be negative pressure and will serve as an isolation unit in case pandemic, bioterrorism, or serious infectious crisis. One of the first units of its kind in the nation.

• Women's Hospital Birth Center - Opened 1950, moved to the Maternal Child Health Center in 1990. One story, 40 beds. The location for nearly 4,000 normal and high-risk births each year at U-M, and for diagnostic care during pregnancy. Physicians from the departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Family Medicine, and U-M nurse-midwives, assist with births and birth-related care. In 2011, the Women's Birth Center will move to the new Mott Children's and Women's Hospital.
• A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center (Taubman center) - opened 1986. Four stories. Home to 120 specialty outpatient clinics and faculty offices for most clinical departments. Specialty clinics include: Otolaryngology, Dermatology, Neurology, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radiology, Cardiac Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Urology, General Surgery, Neurosurgery, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rheumatology, General Medicine, Cardiology, Medical Genetics, Nephrology, Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Infectious Disease, Metabolism Endocrine and Diabetes. The Taubman Center includes the following specialty services:
  • Outpatient surgical suite
  • EKG / Echo suite
  • Allergy injection suite
  • Women's Health Resource Center
• Comprehensive Cancer Center - Opened 1997 - Nine stories: four floors dedicated to outpatient cancer care for adults and children, five floors for cancer research laboratories. Features 77 clinic rooms, 42 chemotherapy infusion suites, 7 procedure rooms, 2 outpatient surgical suites, Mohs skin cancer unit, patient education center, cancer survivor art gallery. In 2006, received $82.5 million in research funding, ranking #7 in the country in National Cancer Institute (NCI) research awards. One of 39 programs in the country to earn the NCI's "comprehensive" designation. One of 17 centers in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Consistently receives the NCI's "outstanding" designation. Recently established a premier Phase I Clinical Trials and Translational Research Program. New $523 million Children's Hospital will contain a wing dedicated to cancer care, adding 64 Bone Marrow Transplantation rooms for adult and pediatric patients. Addition will give U-M Cancer Center one of the largest Bone Marrow Tranplantation programs in the country. In addition to treatment clinics for all types of cancer, the Cancer Center has several multi-disciplinary clinics:
  • Adrenal Cancer Clinic: considered the top adrenal cancer program in the country; sees 10-15 adrenal cancer patients per week, making UMHS the highest volume referral center in the US for this rare disease; nation's first Endowed Professorship for Adrenal Cancer donated by Bo Schembechler on behalf of his wife, Millie; in May 2007, the Garry Betty Scholars Program was inaugurated following a generous donation by the former Atlanta-based EarthLink CEO who traveled to UMHS for treatment of his adrenal cancer.
  • Pre-cancerous Gynecologic Clinic
  • Cancer Genetics
  • Fertility Counseling and Gamete Cryopreservation Program (FCGCP)
  • Long Term Follow-Up Clinic
  • Psych Oncology Clinic
• [1]Cardiovascular Center - opened June 2007 - Five stories, 48 inpatient beds. Built on the site of the "Old Main" hospital that operated from 1925 to 1986, the CVC clinical building will be the home to inpatient and outpatient care for adults with cardiovascular disease. Construction cost exceeds $215 million. It includes 8 operating rooms, 11 suites for interventional procedures, 36 outpatient clinic rooms, 48 inpatient beds including a 24-bed intensive care unit, a diagnostic suite, a 150-seat auditorium, cafe and indoor "winter garden" atrium. The facility will also provide faculty offices for cardiology, cardiovascular surgery, and vascular surgery in order to promote collaboration between the fields. Will provide a new umbrella for the world-famous U-M Congenital Heart Center and U-M Scleroderma Center. This facility is Phase I of the Cardiovascular Center project. Phase II will be a research facility that is currently in the planning stages. In June 2007, the university received a $50 million dollar anonymous donation earmarked for the facility and for future programs. The new heart hospital, believed to be the first of its kind in the country, will bring the following top-rated programs among others into one facility:
  • Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Center
  • Center for Circulatory Support
  • Heart Failure Center
  • Heart Transplant Center
  • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Clinic
  • Multidisciplinary Aortic Program
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease Program
  • Congenital Heart Center
  • Venous Health Program
  • Women's Heart Program
• W.K. Kellogg Eye Center - Opened 1985. Located on Wall St., across the Huron River from the main medical campus. World famous Kellogg Eye Center houses outpatient clinics, surgical suites, and research laboratories in one facility. Home to all adult and pediatric eye care at U-M, and is one of the largest vision research centers in the world. Eye center includes an ophthalmic photography service, an optical shop, a cafe, a library, faculty offices, research facilities with 16 laboratories. Operating budget of $30 million per year, including $10 million dedicated to basic science and clinical vision research. Kellogg has very active research component with various clinical trials for age-related macular degeneration, cornea and external disease, glaucoma, neuro-ophthalmology, pediatric ophthalmology, and retinal disease. In 2006, Kellogg ophthalmologists saw 128,000 patients and conducted 5,600 surgeries. Expansion broke ground in 2006. Eight-story $132 million expansion, scheduled to open in 2010, will house all-new clinic space, surgical and procedure suites, and space for the Brehm Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research and Analysis, named for William and Dee Brehm who donated $44 million toward the building. Currently, the Eye Center has 50 examination rooms and 4 operating rooms. The new building will expand the Eye Center's clinical space to 73 examination rooms and 6 operating rooms. As a comprehensive eye center, Kellogg has the following highly regarded sub-specialty clinics:
  • Comprehensive Ophthalmology
  • Contact Lens Fitting and Dispensing
  • Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery
  • Emergency Eye Care
  • Eye Plastic and Orbital Surgery
  • Glaucoma and Cataract
  • LASIK
  • Low Vision and Visual Rehabilitation
  • Neuro-Ophthalmology
  • Optical Shop
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus
  • Retina, Uveitis, and Ocular Oncology
• Med Inn Building - Opened 1953, renovated most recently in 2006 - Five stories, 30 hotel beds. The Med Inn hotel within this building serves families who have loved ones in the intensive care units of the hospitals, or have other special needs. The rest of the building has been used to support multidisciplinary programs, including:
  • General Clinical Research Center outpatient facility for people taking part in clinical trials;
  • Michael S. Aldrich Sleep Disorders Laboratory
  • Center for Interventional Pain Medicine
  • Vestibular Testing and Vertigo Management Programs
  • Phototherapy and Psoriasis clinics of the Department of Dermatology
  • Chemotherapy Infusion Unit

• Taubman Health Sciences Library (Taubman Medical Library) - Opened 1980. Five stories. Home to one of the nation's largest and finest medical collections, including historical and rare-book collections. Operated by the U-M Library division and open to all. Also home to the Learning Resource Center, a major facility for medical students' learning experience.

• Towsley Center for Continuing Medical Education - Opened 1969. Two stories. A 52,200-square-foot (4,850 m²) conference center that includes two large auditoriums and smaller classrooms, as well as a Medical Simulation Center for training medical professionals in performing procedures and laporoscopic surgeries. More than 15,000 physicians and others receive training here each year. Also home to the offices of the Department of Medical Education.

A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Science Research Building

The A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Science Research Building (BSRB) at 109 Zina Pitcher Place is a biomedical research building. The BSRB opened in February 2006 and is around 472,000 gross square feet. The $220 million building is 415 feet long by 200 feet wide by 100 feet tall. The building includes 9,400 pieces of structural steel, and its structural steel frame weighs 4,000 tons. The building has 3,800 very large windows, 12 elevators and 230 miles of electrical wiring. The building is the largest research facility on campus and covers an entire city block. The architectural design has been described as "striking...emphasizing light and curves," with its south wall being a "curved, glass ribbon of office space... separated from the terra cotta- and metal-clad laboratory areas by a sky-lit atrium." The building won a 2007 AIA Honor Award for architecture.</ref>http://archrecord.construction.com/features/aiaAwards/07index.asp</ref>

The building has six levels (two of them partial) of research laboratories and faculty offices, as well as a basement. There are also two levels of vivarium space, including an imaging core, surgery, behavioral testing suite, aquatics suite, and cage/rack washing facilities. The building has 144 faculty offices; 1,600 square feet of divisible seminar room and break-out area; and 16,000 square feet of linear equipment space. There are 240 lab modules in the building, grouped into six "neighborhoods" (geriatrics and biogerontology; immunology; cardiovascular science; cellular and molecular therapeutics; organogenesis; and neuroscience). The grouping of lab modules by scientific themes is a departure from traditional groupings by departrment. There also many alcoves for tissue culture, fume hoods, general bench space and lab entries.

Construction planning began in 2001 and groundbreaking occurring in April 2003. The U-M Board of Regents approved the architectural design in 2002. The construction project involved nearly 100 subcontractors, a thousand truckloads of ready-mix concrete, and 500 workers on the job at the peak of construction. Some 55,000 truckloads of dirt had to be removed before beginning construction.

The Kahn Auditorium is a 300-seat auditorium in front of the main BSRB. The auditorium is named after philanthropists D. Dan and Betty Kahn of Bloomfield Hills, who gave $6 million to the university for cardiovascular research. The auditorium is sometimes called "The Pringle" because its metal roof resembles the brand of potato chips.

The BSRB was named in honor of A. Alfred Taubman, the university's largest-ever individual donor, in 2001.

The internationally renowned Center for Organogenesis and U-M Program for Neurology Research and Discovery (P-FUND) are housed in the complex.

The architectural firm for the BSRB project was the New York City-based Polshek Partnership Architects. The general contractor was a joint venture with the Gilbane Building Company and Clark Construction Company.

Life Sciences Institute

The Life Science Institute is an interdisciplinary life science research institute that conducts scientific research. LSI has "established strengths" in chemical biology, signal transduction, structural biology, and the genetics of disease. Major disease-area focuses include cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.

The LSI consists of the laboratories of faculty members from a wide range of life science disciplines including biology, chemistry, pharmacology, bioinformatics, medicine, physiology, genetics and biochemistry. LSI faculty work in silico as well as with macromolecules, bacteria, yeast, worms, flies, mice, and humans. Every LSI faculty member has a joint appointments with a U-M schools or college. Appointments span 16 different departments and include the Medical School, College of Pharmacy, and College of Literature, Science, and the Arts.

LSI has three centers: The Center for Structural Genomics (structural genomics), Center for Stem Cell Biology (stem cell research), and Center for Structural Biology (structural biology). LSI also have several scientific cores: The DNA Sequencing Core (DNA sequencing), the Flow Cytometry Core (flow cytometry), the Functional Genomic Core (functional genomics), the Metabolic Phenotyping Core, the Vivarium (36,000 square feet for small animals and fish), the NMR Suite (nuclear magnetic resonance), and the Cryo-Electron Microscopy Laboratory (cryo-electron microscopy).

LSI established in 2000, completed in 2003 at cost of $100 million. 6 stories. 230,000 square feet (21,000 m²) of wet bench / dry lab / core facility research space. Houses 25-30 faculty-led research teams. Part of 3 building facility that also includes Palmer Commons (99,000 square feet; contains conference/meeting center and Bioinformatics Program) and the Undergraduate Science Building (140,00 square feet; classrooms; conference centers). Partnership with Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel.

Medical Science I and II buildings

Opened 1958 (MedSci I) and 1969 (MedSci II) Variable numbers of stories by wing. Home to the Medical School and UMHS administrative offices, and to research laboratories and faculty offices. MedSci II is the main facility for medical student education.

Medical Science Research Buildings

There are three Medical Science Research Buildings. MSRB I opened in 1986, MSRB II in 1989, and MSRB III in 1995. These buildings are home to basic research laboratories and shared "core" facilities for U-M biomedical researchers. MSRB I became home to the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) offices at the University of Michigan after the university was chosen to be one of 12 HHMI sites in the country.

Kresge Complex

The Kresge Complex is located at the northeast corner of Ann Street and Zina Pitcher Place includes Kresge Medical Research I, II and III and Kresge Hearing Research Institute - Built 1954-1955 (Kresge I and II), and 1963 (Kresge II and KHRI).

• "The Kresge Complex, located at the northeast corner of Ann Street and Zina Pitcher Place, was constructed primarily in the 1950s and early 1960s and includes approximately 260,000 gross square feet of space. The complex includes seven interconnected buildings: Kresge Medical Research Buildings I, II, and III, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Kresge Temporary Animal Facility, Alice Crocker Lloyd Radiation Therapy Center, and Upjohn Center for Clinical Pharmacology. The facilities have become outdated and are at the end of their useful life. Over the last several years, the Medical School has completed several renovation projects in other buildings that allowed the occupants of the complex to be relocated. The complex is currently vacant and ready for demolition. The scope of the project will include the appropriate removal of hazardous materials including asbestos, laboratory decommissioning, disconnecting utilities, removing building foundations and associated structures, demolition of the buildings, and removal of debris. The project will also include site restoration that will provide sidewalks, landscaping and on-grade storm water management. There will be no impact on parking from this project."

North Ingalls Building

The 11-story North Ingalls Building houses administrative offices for the U-M Hospitals & Health Centers and various clinical departments. The building was formerly home to the St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, now located in Superior Township. The building was purchased by the University in 1977.

School of Public Health

The University of Michigan School of Public Health was established in 1941. Home to top-rated clinical research program. In 2007, ranked #5 Public Health School in US News and has ranked #1 in Health Management every year since 1993. In fall 2006, completed construction on Crossroads and Research Tower. New building is 7 stories and 125,000 sq ft (11,600 m²). Houses 17 conference rooms and 133 laboratory benches. One of two lead institutions in the Finland-United States Investigation of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Genetics (FUSION) study group that recently discovered 4 new genes causing Type II Diabetes. Also houses the world famous U-M Autism and Communication Disorders Center, a leading center in the clinical treatment of autism as well as autism genetics research.

SPH has 180 faculty in 5 academic departments: Biostatistics, Environmental Health Science, Epidemiology, Health Behavior and Health Education, and Health Management and Policy.

North Campus Research Complex

• North Campus Research Complex - In 2009, the University of Michigan established a 30-building, 174-acre (0.70 km²) North Campus Research Complex acquiring former Pfizer facility. The Michigan Institute for Clinical & Health Research, among other groups, is housed here.

• SWOG (formerly the Southwest Oncology Group) is a National Cancer Institute (NCI) supported organization that conducts clinical trials in adult cancers. SWOG is headquartered on the University of Michigan campus.

Satellite facilities

• East Ann Arbor Health and Geriatrics Center - Opened 1996, renovated 2006. Home to outpatient clinics in general internal medicine, general pediatrics, obstetrics & gynecology, and the primary and specialty care services of the Turner Geriatric Clinic, part of the U-M Geriatrics Center which is consistently ranked among the top 10 geriatrics centers in the nation. Also contains a pharmacy, a patient education center, a blood-draw station and educational facilities. An adjoining suite houses MRI, CT and Mammography imaging facilities. The center's specialty clinics tailored to care of the elderly include the following: Foot Care Clinic; Incontinence Clinic; Mobility Enhancement Clinic; Cognitive Disorders Clinic; Movement Disorders Clinic; Deep Brain Stimulation Clinic; Geropsychiatry Clinic; Sexual Health Clinic; Transitional Care Clinic; Women’s Health Clinic.

Rachel Upjohn Building and Depression Center=

Located near the Geriatrics Center. Opened in 2006. Home to the first Comprehensive Depression Center in the country. 112,500 square feet (10,450 m2). Houses 335 offices/outpatient treatment rooms; 120-seat auditorium; 2 telemedicine offices to assist patients living in remote areas. Combines all outpatient psychiatric and substance abuse care for adults and children into one facility. Contains leading centers for comprehensive treatment of depression and bipolar disorder. Also houses a library and art gallery. Includes space for the research, education, and administrative programs of the U-M Depression Center. Named for Rachel Mary (Upjohn) Meader, who with her husband Edwin gave $10 million toward the building's construction. Facility also includes:

• • Sleep Research Center
  • MRI Simulator
  • Brain Imaging Center
  • Stress and Neuroendocrine Program

Med Sport Suite

Facility houses the Sports Medicine Division of Orthopedic Surgery. Established by Gerald A. O'Connor, professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at U-M and past president of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. 45,000-square-foot (4,200 m²) facility located in Domino's Farms, with 15 examination rooms and on-site radiology. One of the premier Sports Medicine programs in the country. Attracts patients from across the United States. MedSport Physicians serve as the team physicians for the U-M Athletic Department and USA Hockey National Team. Facility features:

• • Physical Therapy Treatment Center
  • Athletic Performance Center
  • Aquatics Program
• Spine Program - Comprehensive, multidisciplinary facility serves as a single site for all spine care at UMHS, bringing together orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. Building houses various clinics and programs including:
  • Pediatric, Adult, and Geriatric Spine Programs
  • EMG Laboratory
  • Medical Procedures Unit for injections and nerve blocks
  • Acute Pain Program
  • Chronic Disability Program
  • Pregnancy Back Pain Program
  • Sports / Performing Arts Pain Program.
• Ambulatory Surgery and Medical Procedures Center - Located near Geriatrics and Depression centers. Opened in 2006. $30 million outpatient surgical facility with 6 operating rooms and 4 medical procedure suits. Building will accommodate close to 10,000 surgeries and procedures annually. Facility will meet the increasing demand for U-M outpatient surgical services.

• Livonia Center for Specialty Care - Located in Livonia, Mich. One story. Home to outpatient surgery and clinics in Gastroenterology, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Audiology & Hearing Services, and Urology Services. The facility contains 4 operating rooms and the Center for Facial and Cosmetic Surgery.

• Health Centers - Located in several parts of Ann Arbor including Domino's Farms and the Briarwood Mall complex, as well as the neighboring communities of Brighton, Canton, Chelsea, Dexter, Howell, Livonia, Saline and Ypsilanti. Offering outpatient primary and specialty care, and diagnostic services at some locations.

• Other satellite facilities - In addition to the above, UMHS operates an Orthotics & Prosthetics Center, a Spine Program facility, and other facilities in the community. U-M emergency medicine physicians staff the emergency rooms at several local hospitals, and U-M physicians provide specialized services at other hospitals for patients with specific cardiovascular issues, cancer and other diseases.

• Outreach clinics - Among the clinics that UMHS operates alone or in conjunction with other entities are the New Hope Outreach Clinic operated by the Geriatrics Center at the New Hope Baptist Church in Ann Arbor, and the Regional Alliance for Healthy Schools clinics for low-income children and teens at Scarlett Middle School and Stone High School in Ann Arbor, and East Middle School in Ypsilanti.

• Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Ann Arbor - Opened in 1953 and underwent $150 million addition in 1998. 350 bed facility with new surgical suite containing 9 operating rooms. In 2005, conducted 278,000 outpatient visits. Annual research budget $10.6 million. Services Michigan, Indiana, northern Ohio. All physicians are faculty of U-M Medical School. Home to several award winning programs and initiatives, including:
  • One of only 15 VA Medical Centers designated as a "Center of Excellence" by the Veterans Administration
  • Center for Practice Management and Outcomes Research evaluates outcomes of alternative treatments and monitors quality measures
  • Serves as Research Coordinating Center for the national Quality Enhancement Research Initiative - Diabetes Mellitus (QUERI-DM)
  • Home to Center for Behavioral and Decision Sciences in Medicine (CBDSM), a collaboration with U-M Medical School

Institutional milestones

• 1848 The Board of Regents establishes a three-member medical department, known today as the U-M Medical School.
• 1850 The Medical School opens its doors to more than 100 students. They are charged $5 a year for two years of education.
• 1852 Ninety young physicians receive medical diplomas from the U-M.
• 1867 Overall University enrollment reaches an all-time high of 1,255 students; 525 of the students are enrolled in the Medical School.
• 1869 U-M opens the first university-owned medical facility in the United States. The 20-bed hospital is located in the residence of a former professor. It has no wards or operating rooms.
• 1875 U-M adds two wooden pavilions to the hospital. The structure is designed to be "easily burned down in 10 years because it would be badly infected," according to one physician of the time.
• 1880 The Medical School adopts a three-year curriculum, introduces laboratory instruction and assigns grades for the first time.
• 1890 U-M adopts the four-year medical school program still in use today.
• 1891 A new hospital on Catherine Street replaces the old Campus Pavilion Hospital.
• 1899 The Medical School introduces the clinical clerkship. The breakthrough is made possible by the fact that the U-M owns its own hospital (privately owned hospitals would not allow medical students to touch their patients).
• 1900 The U.S. medical community recognizes the Catherine Street Hospital as the largest teaching hospital in the country.
• 1903 The 75-bed Palmer Ward for children opens in the Catherine Street Hospital.
• 1906 The Department of Psychiatry] one of the nation's first such academic departments, is established.
• 1912 The U-M establishes the nation's first Department of Dermatology.
• 1913 U-M researchers introduce the electrocardiogram (EKG) to American physicians.
• 1921 U-M establishes Pediatrics as an independent department, strengthening the University's focus on children.
• 1922 U-M Pediatrician David Murray Cowie introduces iodized salt as a goiter preventive.
• 1925 The University Hospital (also known as the Main Hospital) replaces the Catherine Street Hospital. University Hospital is a 700-bed facility designed to meet the needs of advanced patient care and medical education.
• 1928 University Hospital offers the first physician training program in thoracic surgery. Four years later, U-M physicians perform the world's first successful lung removal.
• 1939 The Neuropsychiatric Institute opens, adjacent to the main hospital.
• 1940 U-M creates the first human genetics program in the United States.
• 1941 The Board of Regents authorizes the establishment of the nation's first hereditary diseases clinic at University Hospital.
• 1950 The U-M Women's Hospital opens its doors.
• 1955 The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital opens.
• 1956 James Neel creates the first department of human genetics at a medical school in the United States.
• 1968 U-M physicians perform the first heart transplant in Michigan at University Hospital.
• 1969 C.S. Mott Children's Hospital opens as the U-M's first separate children's hospital.
• 1972 U-M builds the James and Lynelle Perinatal Holden Hospital (now called the Holden Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) to care for premature and critically ill infants.
• 1976 U-M establishes the W.K. Kellogg Eye Center. The 32-bed facility provides patient care, education and research in eye diseases. Today, Kellogg is an outpatient facility.
• 1986 A new 11-story, 550-bed adult general University Hospital replaces the old University Hospital. The A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, which houses 120 outpatient clinics, is connected to the facility. M-CARE, a managed care organization offering health plans to University staff and faculty, and to employers in southern Michigan, is launched.
• 1990 The expansion of the U-M Hospitals continues with the opening of integrated services for children and women in 221,000 square feet (20,500 m²) of new space and renovated units in existing hospitals.
• 1997 The Board of Regents officially approves "University of Michigan Health System" as a designation for the U-M Hospitals and Health Centers, Medical School, M-CARE and Michigan Health Corp. Also this year, the U-M moves its cancer and geriatrics clinical and research programs into the $88 million Cancer Center and Geriatrics Center Building, establishes the Center for Gene Therapy and enhances resources for the Center for Organogenesis.
• 2001 The National Institutes of Health awards a record $203 million to the U-M. In addition, this year, the U-M establishes the nation's first comprehensive Depression Center.
• 2003 The U-M breaks ground for a state-of-the-art clinical building for the Cardiovascular Center on the former site of the "Old Main" Hospital, to provide space for clinical care, research and teaching activities focused on the entire spectrum of cardiovascular disease. Also this year, the Medical School begins to implement a new curriculum that integrates biomedical, clinical, and psychosocial sciences with clinical skills and professionalism.
• 2004 The largest gift ever given to the Health System, $44 million from Bill and Dee Brehm, is announced; it includes funds for the Brehm Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research and Analysis, a new Michigan Comprehensive Diabetes Center, faculty positions, and a research facility to be built as part of the expansion of the Kellogg Eye Center.
• 2005 A new Master Plan and Strategic Direction for UMHS are introduced, forming a framework for continued growth to meet the new challenges of the health care and research environment. Additionally, a group of medical students inaugurate the "Giant Burrito Challenge," consisting of a race to finish the gargantuan namesake from Big Ten Burrito (now known as BTB Burrito).
• 2006 The sale of M-CARE to Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and its Blue Care Network is finalized. The East Ann Arbor Surgery and Medical Procedures Center, Rachel Upjohn Building (including the U-M Depression Center) and Biomedical Science Research Building open.
• 2007 U-M and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan launch Michigan HealthQuarters, a joint venture formed after the sale of M-CARE as a "center for healthcare quality and transformation.” The U-M Cardiovascular Center opens in June and receives an anonymous $50 million donation.
• 2010 U-M announces the creation of a stem-cell line—named UM4-6 -- joining fewer than 12 institutions nationally which have done so. This advance was made possible by Michigan voters’ November 2008 approval of a state constitutional amendment permitting scientists in Michigan to derive embryonic stem cell lines using surplus embryos from fertility clinics.
• 2011 U-M announces the creation of two new stem lines. One line carries the genetic mutations that cause hemophilia B, a hereditary condition in which the blood does not clot properly while the second carries genes for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which leads to degeneration of muscles in the foot, lower leg and hand. U-M will submit these disease-specific lines to the National Institutes of Health to be placed on the Human Embryonic Stem Cell Registry. Researchers across the country will be able to use the lines for federally funded research. Of the 91 lines currently on the registry, three are disease-specific stem cell lines submitted by Harvard and Stanford universities.

Famous alumni and faculty

• John Jacob Abel - "father of pharmacology"; discovered epinephrine and crystallized insulin
• Robert Bartlett - inventor of ECMO
• William Henry Beierwaltes - founder of MIBI scan and "father of nuclear medicine"
• Keith Black - neurosurgeon
• David Botstein - geneticist, first argued that the human genome could be mapped
• Edward Bove - congenital heart surgeon, first described hypoplastic left-heart syndrome
• Leslie J. Browne - President, Chief Executive Officer of Pharmacopeia
• Alexa Canady - the first African-American female neurosurgeon in the country
• Ben Carson - director of pediatric neurological surgery at Johns Hopkins Medical Center
• Stanley Cohen - biochemist, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1986) for his discovery of the epidermal and nerve growth factors
• Francis Collins - director of the NIH Human Genome Project and discoverer of the most common mutation for cystic fibrosis
• Jerome Conn - first described primary hyperaldosteronism - Conn's Syndrome
• Elizabeth Crosby - neuroanatomist
• Ronald M. Davis - President of American Medical Association (AMA)
• Thomas Francis - proved the efficacy of the first polio vaccine
• Lazar Greenfield - founder of the inferior vena cava filter ("the Greenfield Filter")
• Sanjay Gupta - CNN medical correspondent, neurosurgeon
• H.H. Holmes - one of the first documented American serial killers
• Jack Kevorkian - controversial proponent of the legalization of euthanasia
• Ronald Koenig - discovery and development of HbA1c as a key assay in diabetes
• Josiah K. Lilly Jr. - Chairman and President of Eli Lilly and Company
• William James Mayo - co-founder of the Mayo Clinic
• Karin Muraszko - first woman chair of neurological surgery in the U.S.
• Elizabeth Nabel - cardiologist, director of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
• Antonia Novello - first woman and first Hispanic Surgeon General of the United States from 1990 to 1993
• Melvyn Rubenfire- cardiologist, Director of The Preventive Cardiology Department
• Sanjay Saint - author of the Saint-Frances series of medical books
• Eric B. Schoomaker - Surgeon General of the United States Army
• Homer Stryker - founder of Stryker Corporation.
• William E. Upjohn (MED: MD 1875) (June 15, 1853 – October 18, 1932), founder and president of The Upjohn Pharmaceutical Company.
• Kimberly Dawn Wisdom - nation's first state surgeon general

External links

• University of Michigan Health System
• University of Michigan Medical School
• UM Health and Medical Resources
• UMHS Survival Flight
• UofMHealth.org - For patients
• University of Michigan Health System Quality & Safety