Up (2009 film)

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Up

Theatrical poster
Directed by Pete Docter
Co-Director:
Bob Peterson
Produced by Jonas Rivera
Executive Producers:
John Lasseter
Andrew Stanton
Written by Screenplay:
Bob Peterson
Pete Docter
Story:
Pete Docter
Bob Peterson
Thomas McCarthy
Starring Edward Asner
Christopher Plummer
Jordan Nagai
Bob Peterson
Delroy Lindo
Jerome Ranft
John Ratzenberger
Elie Docter
Music by Michael Giacchino
Studio Pixar Animation Studios
Distributed by Walt Disney Pictures
Release date(s) May 29, 2009 (US/Canada)
September 3, 2009 (Aus)
October 9, 2009 (UK)
Running time 96 min.
Country United States
Language English
Budget $175 million[1]
Gross revenue $323,895,668[2]

Up is a 2009 American computer-animated comedy-adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios about a cranky old man and an overeager Wilderness Explorer who fly to South America in a floating house suspended from helium balloons. It is distributed by Walt Disney Pictures, and premiered by opening the 2009 Cannes Film Festival as the first animated film ever to do so.[3] The film was released on May 29, 2009 in North America and is scheduled for release on October 9, 2009 in the United Kingdom. Up is director Pete Docter's second feature-length film (after Monsters, Inc.), and features the voices of Edward Asner, Christopher Plummer, Bob Peterson, and Jordan Nagai. It is Pixar's tenth feature film and the studio's first to be presented in Disney Digital 3-D,[4] and is accompanied in theaters by the short film Partly Cloudy.[5]

Contents

[edit] Plot

In 1939, Carl Fredricksen is a shy 8-year-old boy who meets an outgoing and rather eccentric girl named Ellie and discovers they share the same interest in adventures as their hero, famed explorer Charles Muntz. Ellie expresses her desire to move her clubhouse to Paradise Falls in South America, a promise she makes Carl swear to keep. Years pass, and Carl and Ellie marry and grow old together in the old house where they first met while making a living as a toy balloon vendor and a zookeeper respectively. Unable to have children, they also try to save up for the trip to Paradise Falls but other financial obligations arise. Just as they finally seem to be able to take their trip, Ellie dies of old age, leaving Carl living by himself, becoming sour and missing his wife terribly. As the years pass, the city grows around Carl's house with construction as he refuses to move. After a tussle with a construction worker over his broken mailbox, the court orders Carl to move into Shady Oaks Retirement Home. Carl comes up with a scheme to keep his promise to Ellie, and uses his old professional supplies to create a makeshift airship using 10,000 helium balloons which lift his house off its foundations. Russell, a Wilderness Explorer trying to earn his final merit badge for "Assisting the Elderly", has stowed away on the porch after being sent on a snipe hunt by Carl the day before.

After a storm throws them off course, Russell steers the house with the help of his GPS navigator, and they find themselves on the opposite side of the tepui from Paradise Falls. With their body weight providing ballast allowing Carl and Russell to pull the floating house, the two begin to walk across the tepui, hoping to reach the falls while there's still enough helium in the balloons to keep the house afloat. During the journey, Russell befriends a huge, colorful bird which he names Kevin, not realizing that the bird is actually female. They later run into a dog named Dug with a translating collar that lets him speak. They discover Dug's owner is 85-year-old Charles Muntz, who has remained in South America for many decades to find and bring back a giant bird (who turns out to be Kevin) in order to restore his reputation after bringing back a skeleton of the bird and being called a fraud because scientists thought he faked the evidence. Carl is initially thrilled to meet his hero, but when he realizes that Muntz is after Kevin and will kill remorselessly in order to capture her alive, Carl takes steps to save the bird and escape from Muntz. Thanks to Kevin and Dug they escape Muntz's pack of vicious dogs, led by a Doberman Pinscher named Alpha, but Kevin is injured during the escape.

Led by a tracking device in Dug's collar, Muntz and his dogs arrive in his airship while Carl and Russell assist the injured Kevin to her chicks. Muntz sets Carl's house on fire, forcing Carl to choose saving his house over cutting Kevin loose from the net trapping her. Muntz and his dogs quickly capture the bird and fly off. Carl firmly tells Russell he intends to get to Paradise Falls or die trying, and begins walking back again. The next day, Carl successfully gets the house on the ground overlooking Paradise Falls per Ellie's wish, but Russell's desire to fulfill his own dream has been dulled out of anger and disappointment. Carl, settling down in his house, finds Ellie's childhood scrapbook and discovers her mementos of her life with Carl after they were married, and a final note from her thanking Carl for the adventure of their marriage, and an encouragement for him to go on an adventure of his own. Invigorated by Ellie's last wish, he goes outside to see Russell, only to find him giving chase to Muntz. Carl lightens the weight of his house by dumping furniture and his possessions, allowing him to chase after Muntz in his house with Dug by his side.

Russell enters the airship through a window, but is captured by the dogs. He is tied up and left to fall to the earth, but Carl saves him and keeps him tied up in the house. Carl and Dug board the ship, and are able to lure the guard dogs away from Kevin to free her. Carl and Muntz duel face to face and fight (Muntz with a sword, Carl with his cane), while Dug is able to wrest control of the dogs and the dirigible from Alpha. Russell frees himself but clings to a lifeline as he finds the house in a dogfight with biplane fighters. When Carl shouts for help, Russell distracts the dog pilots and regains control of the house to rescue his friends, who are now on top of the airship. In pursuit, Muntz shoots out some of the balloons, causing the house to land and slide off the airship. Carl manages to trick Muntz inside the house while saving Russell, Dug, and Kevin. Defeated, Muntz falls from the airship, and Carl's house drifts off into the clouds — a loss Carl gracefully accepts as being for the best.

Carl takes Muntz's Dirigible and returns Kevin to her chicks, and then returns Russell and Dug back to the city. When Russell's father fails to attend his son's Senior Explorer ceremony, Carl fulfills that role himself to proudly present Russell with his final badge, the grape soda badge that Ellie presented to Carl when they first met ("The Ellie Badge"). Afterward, Carl becomes a cheerfully active community volunteer with a strong father-like relationship with Russell, Dug, and the other Wilderness Explorers. His house, through happenstance, has landed exactly where he and Ellie envisioned it — overlooking Paradise Falls.

[edit] Cast and characters

  • Edward Asner as Carl Fredricksen. Docter and Rivera noted Asner's television alter-ego Lou Grant had been helpful in writing for Carl, because it guided them in balancing likeable and unlikeable aspects of the curmudgeonly character.[6] When they met Asner and presented him with a model of his character, he joked "I don't look anything like that." They would tailor his dialogue for him, with short sentences and more consonants, which "cemented the notion that Carl, post-Ellie, is a disgruntled bear that's been poked awake during hibernation".[7]
  • Jordan Nagai as Russell, a Wilderness Explorer stowaway on Carl's flying house.[8] He accompanies Carl in order to earn his "assisting the elderly" badge: the only one he doesn't have. Though he has never really been to the wilderness, he is depressed that his father is always too busy to spend time with him; on their journey, Russell makes a comment to Carl that suggests that Russell's father and mother are no longer together.[9] Russell's design was based on Pixar animator Peter Sohn.[10] Docter auditioned 400 boys in a nationwide casting call for the part.[11] Nagai, who is Japanese American[12] showed up to an audition with his brother, who was actually the one auditioning. Docter realized Nagai behaved and spoke non-stop like Russell and chose him for the part.[13] Nagai was seven years old when cast.[11] Docter encouraged Nagai to act physically as well as vocally when recording the role, lifting him upside down and tickling him for the scene where Russell encounters Kevin.[7] Asian Americans have positively noted Pixar's first casting of an Asian lead character,[14] in contrast to the common practice of casting non-Asians in Asian parts.[15]
  • Bob Peterson as Dug, a talking golden retriever[16] with a collar that translates his thoughts into comical-sounding English, and is the odd duck out of a pack of dogs with similar collars owned by Muntz. Peterson knew he would voice Dug when he wrote his line "I have just met you, and I love you," which was based on what a child told him when he was a camp counselor in the 1980s. In the closing credits of the film Dug is shown to have had puppies with an unnamed female dog that strongly resembles him. [16]
    • Peterson also voices Alpha, a talking Doberman Pinscher[16] and the leader of Muntz's pack of dogs. Pete Docter has stated that Alpha "thinks of himself as Clint Eastwood", but despite his menacing appearance, a malfunction in his collar occasionally causes his voice to sound comically high-pitched and squeaky, as if he had been breathing helium. The normal voice for his translator chip is a resonant, intimidating bass; Russell notes that he likes the faulty voice better. With both voices, Alpha has a roundabout speech pattern that causes his sentences to be longer than necessary. It should be noted that Alpha is the character's rank in the pack, rather than his name.
  • Kevin, a large, flightless tropical bird. Russell impulsively gives the bird a male name, only later learning that Kevin is female. Near the end of the film, it is shown that Kevin has three baby tropical birds.[17] The bird's iridescent appearance is based upon the male Himalayan Monal Pheasant. [18]
  • Christopher Plummer as Charles F. Muntz, the antagonist. He was an adventurer Carl and his wife admired when they were children.[19] He departed for South America after scientists claimed he had faked his discovery of the skeleton of a 13-foot tall bird (Kevin's species), vowing to find a living specimen. However the countless years he spent there has made him greedy and paranoid, believing anyone who came to Paradise Falls was after the bird to steal his glory. He is an avid dog lover and inventor, being able to train them to do practically anything, and has invented devices that translate their thought into speech.[16] Pete Docter compared Muntz to Charles Lindbergh and Howard Hughes.[8]
  • Delroy Lindo as Beta, a Rottweiler,[16] and a member of Muntz's pack of talking dogs.
  • Jerome Ranft as Gamma, a Bulldog,[16] and a member of Muntz's pack of talking dogs. Jerome is brother to the late Joe Ranft and also part of Pixar Animation.
    • Most of Muntz's dogs speak in a somewhat deadpan, over-articulated voice; for no given reason, Beta and Gamma's voices are perfectly normal.
  • Elizabeth "Ellie" Docter as Young Ellie, Carl's wife as a child since during their adult years there were no speaking scenes. Ellie is always seen to be in a very energetic state, with the only time she is shown depressed is when she is informed she is unable to have children. Elizabeth is the director's daughter.[20] Elizabeth also provided some of the children's crayon-based drawings shown by Ellie.[21]
  • John Ratzenberger as Tom, a construction worker who asks if Carl is ready to sell his home.[16]

[edit] Production

The main character Carl Fredricksen is partially based on Spencer Tracy.[22]

The fantasy of a flying house was born out from director Pete Docter's thoughts about escaping from life when it becomes too irritating,[8][11] which he explained stemmed from his difficulty with social situations growing up.[23] Writing began in 2004. Actor and writer Thomas McCarthy aided Docter and Bob Peterson in shaping the story for about three months.[13] Docter selected an old man for the main character after drawing a picture of a grumpy old man with smiling balloons.[13] The two men thought an old man was a good idea for a protagonist because they felt their experiences and the way it affects their view of the world was a rich source of humor. Docter was not concerned with an elderly protagonist, stating children would relate to Carl in the way they relate to their grandparents.[8]

Docter noted the film reflects his friendships with Disney veterans Frank Thomas, Ollie Johnston and Joe Grant (who all died before the film's release and thus the film was dedicated to them). Grant gave the script his approval as well as some advice before his death in 2005.[24] Docter recalled Grant would remind him the audience needed an "emotional bedrock" because of how wacky the adventure would become; in this case it is Carl mourning for his wife.[13] Docter felt Grant's personality influenced Carl's deceased wife Ellie more than the grouchy main character,[24] and Carl was primarily based on Spencer Tracy and Walter Matthau, because there was "something sweet about these grumpy old guys".[22] Docter and Jonas Rivera noted Carl's charming nature in spite of his grumpiness derives from the elderly "hav[ing] this charm and almost this 'old man license' to say things that other people couldn’t get away with [...] It's like how we would go to eat with Joe Grant and he would call the waitresses 'honey'. I wish I could call a waitress 'honey'."[25]

The filmmakers' first story outline had Carl "just wanted to join his wife up in the sky," Docter said. "It was almost a kind of strange suicide mission or something. And obviously that's [a problem]. Once he gets airborne, then what? So we had to have some goal for him to achieve that he had not yet gotten."[20] Docter created Dug as he felt it would be refreshing to show what a dog thinks, rather than what people assume it thinks.[26] The idea derived from thinking about what would happen if someone broke a record player and it always played at a low pitch.[13] Russell was added to the story at a later date than Dug and Kevin;[13] his presence, as well as the construction workers, helped to make the story feel less episodic.[20]

Carl's relationship with Russell reflects how "he's not really ready for the whirlwind that a kid is, as few of us are".[24] Docter added he saw Up as a "coming of age" tale and an "unfinished love story", with Carl still dealing with the loss of his wife.[27] He cited inspiration from Casablanca and A Christmas Carol, which are both "resurrection" stories about men who lose something, and regain purpose during their journey.[28] Docter and Rivera cited inspiration from the Muppets, Hayao Miyazaki, Dumbo and Peter Pan. They also saw parallels to The Wizard of Oz and tried to make Up not feel too similar.[29] There is a scene where Carl and Russell haul the floating house through the jungle. A Pixar employee compared the scene to Fitzcarraldo, and Docter watched that film and The Mission for further inspiration.[30]

An inspiration for the Charles Muntz villain character was cartoon producer Charles B. Mintz who stole Walt Disney's hit character Oswald the Lucky Rabbit from him forcing Disney to create replacement character Mickey Mouse. Mintz, like Muntz, did get his comeuppance in real life.[31]

Docter and eleven other Pixar artists visited tepuis in Venezuela in 2004 for research

Docter made Venezuela the film's setting after Ralph Eggleston gave him a video of the tepui mountains.[8][24] In 2004, Docter and eleven other Pixar artists spent three days reaching Monte Roraima by airplane, jeep and helicopter.[16] They spent three nights there painting and sketching,[32] and encountering dangerous ants, mosquitos, scorpions, frogs and snakes. They also flew to Matawi Tepui and climbed to Angel Falls,[16] as well as Brazil. Docter felt "we couldn't use [the rocks and plants we saw]. Reality is so far out, if we put it in the movie you wouldn't believe it."[22] The film's creatures were also challenging to design because they had to fit in the surreal environment of the tepuis, but also be realistic because those mountains exist in real life.[24] The filmmakers visited Sacramento Zoo to observe a Himalayan Monal Pheasant for Kevin's animation.[1] The animators designed Russell as an Asian-American, and modeled Russell after similar looking Peter Sohn, a Pixar storyboarder who voiced Emile in Ratatouille and directed the short Partly Cloudy, because of his energetic nature.[11][33]

Docter wanted to push a stylized feel, particularly the way Carl's body is proportioned: he has a squarish appearance to symbolize his containment within his house, while his wife's body is shaped like a balloon.[7] The challenge on Up was making these stylized characters feel natural,[8] although Docter remarked the effect came across better than animating the realistic humans from Toy Story, who suffered from the "uncanny valley".[24] Cartoonists Al Hirschfeld, Hank Ketcham and George Booth influenced the human designs.[13][19][28] Simulating realistic cloth on caricatured humans was harder than creating the 10,000 balloons flying the house.[23] New programs were made to simulate the cloth and for Kevin's iridescent feathers.[17] To animate old people, Pixar animators would study their own parents or grandparents and also watched footage of the Senior Olympics.[6]

A technical director worked out that in order to make Carl's house fly, he would require 23 million balloons, but Docter realized that number made the balloons look like small dots. Instead, the balloons created were made to be twice Carl's size.[34] There are 10,927 balloons for shots of the house just flying, 20,622 balloons for the lift-off sequence, and it varies in other scenes.[16]

[edit] Release

Pete Docter (left), Jonas Rivera (right) in 2009 with KUSI-TV's Phil Konstantin

Whenever the film is screened at the El Capitan Theatre from May 29 to July 23, it will be accompanied by Lighten Up!, a live show featuring Disney characters.[35]

Among the children's books published in conjunction with the film is My Name is Dug, illustrated by screenwriter Ronnie del Carmen.[36] Despite Pixar's track record, Target Corporation and Wal-Mart will stock few Up items, while Pixar's regular collaborator Thinkway Toys will not produce merchandise, claiming its story is unusual and will be hard to promote. Disney acknowledged not every Pixar film would have to become a franchise.[1] Promotional partners include Aflac,[37] NASCAR and Airship Ventures,[38][39] while Cluster Balloons will promote the film with a replica of Carl's couch that will be lifted by hot air balloons, that journalists can sit in.[40]

In Colombia, unexpected publicity for the film was generated due to the uncanny similarity of Carl Fredricksen with Colombian ex-president Julio César Turbay Ayala.[41][42]

Director Pete Docter intended for audiences to take a specific point from the film, saying:

Basically, the message of the film is that the real adventure of life is the relationship we have with other people, and it's so easy to lose sight of the things we have and the people that are around us until they're gone. More often than not I don't really realize how lucky I was to have known someone until they're either moved or passed away. So if you can kind of wake up a little bit and go, "Wow, I've got some really cool stuff around me every day", then that's what the movie's about.[43]

[edit] Reception

Since its release, Up has received glowing reviews from critics. As of June 30, 2009, Rotten Tomatoes reports that 97% of critics have given the film a positive review, based on 195 reviews, with an 8.6/10 review average.[44] The film also holds a score of 88 on the review aggregator website Metacritic as of June 1, 2009.[45] The notable film critic Roger Ebert has awarded the film four out of four stars.[46]

Up ranked number one at the box office its opening weekend, grossing $68,108,790 in North America. This was a stronger return than analysts had been expecting.[47] The film had an unusually small drop-off of 35% over its second weekend, earning another $44,244,000.[48] Initial estimates projected the film holding on to the #1 spot in its second weekend, but revised figures placed it in second, less than $1M behind the Warner Bros. comedy The Hangover,[49] but over $25M ahead of the Will Ferrell remake of Land of the Lost. In its third weekend, the movie experienced an even smaller decline of just 30%, again trailing The Hangover by just a few million to place second.[50] Making $30,762,280 that weekend, it is the tenth biggest third weekend ever for a movie. [51] It currently has earned a total of $276,411,268 domestically as of July 5, 2009, making it Pixar's second highest grossing film domestically, following Finding Nemo. [52] Overseas, the film has earned $38.8 million.[53]

Dug, the talking canine, was awarded the Palm Dog Award by the British film critics as the best canine performance at Cannes Film Festival. Dug beat out the fox from Antichrist and the black poodle from Inglourious Basterds.[54]

In addition to the positive critical reviews the film received, Up highlights Pixar's corporate image as a progressive company through its charitable acts. In June 2009, a 10-year-old girl from Huntington Beach, California was suffering from the final stages of terminal vascular cancer. It is reported her dying wish was to "live to see the movie" despite the advanced stage of her disease. However, due to her deteriorating condition, the girl was unable to leave the family home. As a result, a family friend contacted Pixar and arranged for a private screening. A Pixar employee flew to the Huntington Beach home with various Up tie-in toys and a DVD copy of the film. The child could not open her eyes due to the pain caused from the cancer, so her mother described the film to her scene by scene. The young girl died approximately seven hours after the screening ended.[55]

[edit] References

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  15. ^ Channel APA Jordan Nagai as Russell
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  35. ^ "Up at Disney's El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood w/ New Stage Show". Pixar Planet. 2009-04-22. http://pixarplanet.com/blog/up-at-disneys-el-capitan-theatre-in-hollywood-w-new-stage-show-up-tidbits. Retrieved on 2009-04-23. 
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  43. ^ What's Up, Doc(ter)? By Mark Moring. Christianity Today. Published 5/26/2009.
  44. ^ http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/up/
  45. ^ http://www.metacritic.com/film/titles/up
  46. ^ http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090527/REVIEWS/905279997
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[edit] External links

Preceded by
Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian
Box office number-one films of 2009 (USA)
May 31
Succeeded by
The Hangover
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