User:Braintest/VER
Vestibulo-emotional reflex
Vestibulo-emotional reflex (VER) is a reflex 3d head movement that stabilized vertical equilibrium of head by producing head-neck muscle movement with the frequency depending on emotional and psychophysiological state of person. Vestibulo-emotional reflex (VER)[1] is one of vestibular reflexes, linked human physiology and emotions. Physiology and pathology of vestibular system and vestibular apparatus were researched by Robert Bárány receiving the 1914 Nobel Price in Physiology. The vestibular system, which contributes to our balance and our sense of spatial orientation, is the sensory system that provides the dominant input about movement and equilibrioception. Vertical human head position is controlled by vestibular system by the means of head-neck anatomy.
Biomechanics[edit]
Two month old child begins to poise the head in vertical position on reflex level, firstly performs visible movements for it. An adult person also performs micromovements for poise vertical head position, because it is impossible to coordinate vertical mechanical balance of heavy object without movements. The trajectory of 3D head movement is enough complicated[2][3] and used for different vestibular reflexes researches and human health diagnostics, because vestibular system links with sensory system, nervous system and every part of human body. Sensory systems code for four aspects of a stimulus; type (modality), intensity, location, and duration. Certain receptors are sensitive to certain types of stimuli (for example, different mechanoreceptors respond best to different kinds of touch stimuli, like sharp or blunt objects). Receptors send impulses in certain patterns to send information about the intensity of a stimulus (for example, how loud a sound is). Russian neurophysiologist Nikolai Bernstein spent most part of his life to physiology of movement. He also coined the term biomechanics, the study of movement through the application of mechanical principles. The principles of biological feedback and discrete movement discovered by Bernstein, forms one of the VER bases and his calculation of human movement time discrete about 0.1 sec was confirmed by video image analysis.
Vestibular system as typical sensory system reacts to stimulus. But gravitation is constantly working stimulus, so vertical head coordination becomes constantly working and reflex process. This is the main physiology difference between vertical head coordination and any other sensory process that works sometimes. This difference transfers vertical head coordination into typical physiological process as heart rate (HR) measured by ECG and blood pressure, brain activity measured by electroencephalography (EEG), or thermoregulation measured by galvanic-skin respond (GSR). Biological evolution used head vertical coordination for energy regulation [4], because natural head movement is ideal vibration movement with high energy range. The other sample of nature vibration process for energy regulation is dog tail wagging, but humans have not tail and head movement is more optimal for it. It is understandable, that more high frequency head movement requests more energy, than low frequency movement. On sensor level it means, that signals send from vestibular receptors to autonomic nervous system, brain and muscles are going with different time delay, depends on biochemical human state. That means dependence between emotional state and vestibular head coordination or vestibulo-emotional reflex.
VER application[edit]
VER gives functional information about person and could be apply for as medical, eHealth, psychology and behavior testing, lie detection, emotion control, ]]self-regulation]], fitness, animals research are also providing by the different types of vibraimage system[5]Vibraimage system transforms biomechanics movement into emotional and physiological data of person by video image processing.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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Viktor Minkin; Nikolay Nikolaenko (2008). "Application of the VibraImage technology and systems for the analysis of motor activity and the study of the functional state of the human body" (PDF). Springer New York: Med Tekh.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Jorge Usabiaga; George Bebis; Ali Erol; Mircea Nicolescu; Monica Nicolescu (2007). "Recognizing simple human actions using 3D head movement" (PDF). Computational Intelligence. 23 (4).
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Robert A. McCrea; Greg T. Gdowski; Richard Boyle; Timothy Belton (July 1999). "Firing Behavior of Vestibular Neurons During Active and Passive Head Movements: Vestibulo-Spinal and Other Non-Eye-Movement Related Neurons". The Journal of Neurophysiology. 82 (1): 416–428. doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.1.416. PMID 10400968.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^
Georgy Gladyshev; Libb Thims; Viktor Minkin (2007). "Head Movements Vibraimage Visualization and Energetic Model of Emotions". ELSYS Corp.
{{cite web}}: External link in|publisher= - ^ Minkin, Viktor (2007). Vibraimage (Russian language). S.Petersburg, Russia: Renome.
Category:Physiology