Uyghur Arabic alphabet
| Uyghur language |
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| Uyghur language |
| Uyghur dialects |
| Uyghur phonology |
| Uyghur grammar |
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| Uyghur alphabet |
| Sogdian · Old Uyghur · Old Turkic |
| Arabic · Latin · Yengi Yeziⱪ · Cyrillic |
The Uyghur Arabic alphabet (Uyghur Ereb Yëziqi or UEY) is an Arabic alphabet used for writing the Uyghur language, primarily by Uyghurs living in China. It is one of several Uyghur alphabets.
The first Arabic-derived alphabet for Uyghur was developed in the 10th century, when Islam was introduced to the Uyghur people. The version used for writing the Chagatai language, which became the regional literary language, is now known as the Chagatay alphabet, and was used nearly exclusively up to the early 1920s. Alternative Uyghur scripts began being created then, and have collectively largely displaced Chagatai; Kona Yëziq, meaning "old script", now distinguishes it and UEY from the alternatives that are not derived from Arabic.
Alphabetical order for Uyghur Arabic Script
| Letter | ئا،ا | ئە،ە | ب | پ | ت | ج | چ | خ | د | ر | ز | ژ | س | ش | غ | ف | ق | ك | گ | ڭ | ل | م | ن | ھ | ئو،و | ئۇ،ۇ | ئۆ،ۆ | ئۈ،ۈ | ۋ | ئې،ې | ئى،ى | ي |
| IPA | ɑ,a | ɛ,æ | b | p | t | dʒ | tʃ | χ,x | dʒ | r,ɾ | z | ʒ | s | ʃ | ʁ,ɣ | f,ɸ | q | k | g | ŋ | l | m | n | h,ɦ | o,ɔ | u,ʊ | ø | y,ʏ | w,v | e | i,ɨ | j |
Several of the these alternatives were influenced by security-policy considerations of the Soviet Union or the People's Republic of China. (Soviet Uyghur areas experienced several non-Arabic alphabets, and the former CIS countries, especially Kazakhstan, now use primarily a Cyrillic-based alphabet, called Uyghur Siril Yëziqi.)
A Pinyin-derived Latin-based alphabet (with additional letters borrowed from Cyrillic), then called “New script” or Uyghur Yëngi Yëziqi or UPNY, was for a time the only officially approved alphabet used for Uyghur in Xinjiang. It had technical shortcomings and met social resistance; Uyghur Ereb Yëziqi or UEY, an expansion of the old Chagatai alphabet based on the Arabic script, is now recognized, along with a newer Latin-based alphabet called Uyghur Latin Yëziqi or ULY, replacing the former Pinyin-derived alphabet; UEY is sometimes intended when the term "Kona Yëziq" is used.[1]
[edit] References
- ^ Duval, Jean Rahman; Janbaz, Waris Abdukerim (2006). An Introduction to Latin-Script Uyghur. Salt Lake City: University of Utah. pp. 1–2. http://www.uyghurdictionary.org/excerpts/An%20Introduction%20to%20LSU.pdf.
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