List of communist parties in India
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This page contains a list of political parties in India that are aligned with the communist ideology.
- Communist Party of India [Abbr. CPI] is the first and oldest communist party in India. Now it is a State Party in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Manipur.
- Communist Party of India (Marxist) [Abbr. CPI(M)] is the largest communist party in terms of electoral performance. Now its is the only communist National Party in India.
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation [Abbr. CPI(ML)L] is the third most largest communist party in India with state party status in Bihar.
- Revolutionary Socialist Party [Abbr. RSP] is the fourth largest communist party in India with state party status in Kerala.
- Unified Communist Centre of India [Abbr. UCCI] is the left communist party in India working among workers and proletariats and it's ideology is Marxist leninist Maoist and it was founded in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana under the leadership of Vikash and the monthly magazine of the Unified Communist Centre of India is Marxist Review.
- Communist Party of India (Maoist) [Abbr. CPI(Maoist)] is the extreme left communist party in India and is banned by Government of India because of anti-national activities.
Communist Parties Registered with Election Commission of India[edit]
Communist Parties with National Party Status[edit]
A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils any one of the three conditions listed below:[1]
- The party wins 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha from at least three different states.[2]
- At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
- The party gets recognition as a state party in four states.
Election Symbol | Party Flag | Name | Ideology | Founded | Leader | State/UT governed | State/UT in Alliance partner in government | Seats in Lok Sabha |
Seats in Rajya Sabha |
Seats in State Assemblies |
Seats in State Councils |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPI(M)[3][4] | Communism[5] | 7 November 1964[6][7][8] | Sitaram Yechury (General Secretary)[9][10][11] | 1/31 | 3 / 31
|
3 / 543
|
5 / 245
|
82 / 4,036
|
0 / 426
|
Communist Parties with State Party Status[edit]
A party has to fulfill any of the following conditions for recognition as a state party:
- A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to the state legislative assembly and win at least 2 seats in that state assembly.
- A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to Lok Sabha and win at least 1 seat in Lok Sabha.
- A party should win minimum three percent of the total number of seats or a minimum of three seats in the Legislative Assembly, which ever is higher.
- A party should win at least one seat in the Lok Sabha for every 25 seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that State.
- Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures 8% or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.
Election Symbol | Party Flag | Name | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Recognised In | States/UT Governed | Seats in Lok Sabha |
Seats in Rajya Sabha |
Seats in State Assemblies |
Seats in State Councils | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
chief minister | Alliance partner | ||||||||||||
CPI | Communism | 26 December 1925(98 years ago) | D. Raja | Kerala, | 0/31 | 4 / 31
|
2 / 543
|
2 / 245
|
22 / 4,036
|
1 / 426
| |||
CPI(ML)L[12] | Communism[13] Marxism–Leninism Maoism[13] |
28 July 1974[14][15][16] | Dipankar Bhattacharya[17][18][19] | Bihar[20] | 0/31 | 2 / 31
|
0 / 543
|
0 / 245
|
13 / 4,036
|
0 / 426
|
|||
RSP(I)[21] | Communism Marxism–Leninism[22] Revolutionary socialism |
19 March 1940 | Manoj Bhattacharya[23] | Kerala[21] |
0/31 | 0 / 31
|
1 / 543
|
0 / 245
|
0 / 4,036
|
0 / 426
|
Minor Communist Parties[edit]
In Kerala
- Janadhipathya Samrakshana Samithi (JSS)
- Communist Marxist Party (CMP)
- Revolutionary Marxist Party of India (RMPI)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist) RSP(L)
Pro-armed struggle Communist Parties[edit]
Extremist Pro-Naxal/ Maoist Communist Parties[edit]
- CPI(Maoist) led by Muppala Lakshmana Rao
- RCCI(Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)
- Communist Party of United States of India led by Veeranna
- CPI(ML) Janashakti - Koora Rajanna led by Koora Rajanna
- CPI(ML) Janashakti - Ranadheer led by Ranadheer
- CPI(ML) Janashakti - Chandra Pulla Reddy led by Chandra Pulla Reddy
- CPI(ML) (Mahadev Mukherjee) led by Mahadev Mukherjee
- CPI(ML) Central Team
- Communist Party Reorganisation Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist)
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Ramnath
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Parikalpana
- Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist) Revisionist
- Re-organizing Committee, Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist)
Defunct Communist Parties[edit]
- Marxist Communist Party of India
- Marxist League (India)
- Marxist League of Kerala
- National Democratic Front of Boroland
- National Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Naxalbari
- Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Pakistan Communist Party
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War
- Punjab Communist Revolutionary Committee
- Real Communist Party of India
- Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Red Flag
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Maoist)
- Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Revolutionary Communist Council of India
- Revolutionary Communist Party (India)
- Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Das)
- Revolutionary Communist Party of India (Tagore)
- Revolutionary Communist Unity Centre (Marxist–Leninist)
- Revolutionary Marxist Party
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party (Sreekandan Nair)
- Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist)
- Revolutionary Workers Party (India)
- Samyavadi Sangstha
- Socialist Party (Marxist)
- Socialist Workers Party (India)
- Tamil Nadu Communist Party
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Ajmer group)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Anand)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Harbhajan Sohi)
- Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist–Leninist) Subodh Mitra
- Uttar Pradesh Revolutionary Socialist Party
- Workers and Peasants Party (India)
- Workers Revolutionary Party (India)
- Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
Defunct Naxal-Maoist Communist Parties[edit]
Logo | Name | Abbr./A.k.a | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries | AICCCR | Charu Majumdar; Kanu Sanyal |
1967 | 1969 | Communism Marxism-Leninism |
| |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) | CPI (ML) | Charu Majumdar | 1969 | 1972 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought |
| |
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War | 1980 | 2004 | Communism Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought |
||||
Maoist Communist Centre | MCC | 1975 | 2004 | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
Separatist Communist Parties[edit]
Active Communist Parties[edit]
Manipur[edit]
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak | PRPK | Communism Separatism |
9 November 1977 | |||
People's Liberation Army of Manipur | PLAM | Communism Mao Zedong Thought Separatism |
25 September 1979 | |||
Kangleipak Communist Party | KCP | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism |
14 April 1980 | Ibungo Ngangom |
The KCP has now been divided into numerous factions.[24] | |
Maoist Communist Party of Manipur | MCPM | Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Separatism |
September 2011 | Chiranglen Sapamcha |
Greater Nepal[edit]
Party Flag | Name | Abbr. | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Akhil Bharat Nepali Ekta Samaj | ABNES | Maoism Nepalese unity in India |
1979 | Bhot Bahadur thapa hemraj Singh gaman khtri |
Defunct Communist Parties[edit]
Bodoland[edit]
Logo | Name | Abbr. | Leaders | Foundation Year | Dissolution Year | Ideology | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Democratic Front of Boroland | NDFB | B. Saoraigwra G. Bidai[25] B.R. Ferrenga |
1986 | 2020 | Ethnic nationalism[26] Marxism Socialism Democracy Separatism |
|
See also[edit]
- Socialism in India
- Communism in India
- Communism in Kerala
- Naxalite
- List of political parties in India
- Politics of India
- List of Naxalite and Maoist groups in India
References[edit]
- ^ "Dynamics of elevation of political parties to State or National Party". Press Information Bureau. 8 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
- ^ "When is a Political Party recognized as a National or State Party?". FACTLY. 28 January 2017. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4.
- ^ "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18 January 2013". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
- ^ "ഇന്ത്യ - ചൈന സംഘർഷം : 1962 ൻ്റെ പാഠങ്ങൾ". www.leftclicknews.com/.
- ^ "CIA papers trace split of Indian Communists". The Times of India. 30 June 2007.
- ^ "Communist Party in Kerala". CPI(M). Archived from the original on 14 March 2012.
- ^ "New Central Committee Elected at the 22nd Congress". 22 April 2018. Archived from the original on 27 May 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
- ^ "Sitaram Yechury re-elected as CPI(M) general secretary". Archived from the original on April 29, 2018.
- ^ "Biography of Sitaram Yechuri". winentrance.com. 14 March 2011.
- ^ "Amending Notification regarding Political Parties and their Symbols Dated 01.03.2021". India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ a b "General Programme of CPI(ML)". Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) website. 6 April 2013. Retrieved 2020-03-23.
- ^ "A Lesson In Dynamism And Dedication". Communist Party of India(Marxist-Leninist) Liberation. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ "Naxalism today".
- ^ "The road from Naxalbari". www.flonnet.com. Archived from the original on 17 October 2006. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
- ^ Sen, Jai (2012). Imagining Alternatives. Other worlds possible?. Gazipur: Daanish Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-93-81144-14-5.
- ^ "Organisation". cpiml.org.
- ^ Bhushan, Ranjit (2016). Maoism in India and Nepal. New York: Routledge. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-315-68549-6.
- ^ "Amending Notification regarding Political Parties and their Symbol dated 01.03.2021". Election Commission of India. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021.
- ^ a b "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^ Bidyut Chakrabarty (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-19-997489-4.
- ^ "Indian citizenship act against humanity: Manoj Bhattacharya". prothomalo.com. March 2020.
- ^ "KCP's ultra-Left turn worries Manipur | Guwahati News - Times of India". The Times of India. 17 September 2011.
- ^ "Catch me if you can: Bidai". Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2018.
- ^ Andrew T. .H. Tan (18 October 2010). Politics of Terrorism: A Survey. Routledge. p. 190. ISBN 978-1-136-83336-6.
- ^ "After 34 yrs of armed struggle, NDFB finally disbands itself | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 11 March 2020.