Vellore
Vellore | |
---|---|
City | |
Nickname: Fort City | |
Country | India |
State | Tamil Nadu |
Region | Tondai Nadu |
District | Vellore |
Government | |
• Body | Vellore Municipal Corporation |
• Mayor | Mrs.P. Karthiyayini (AIADMK) |
• Mayor | Mrs P. Karthiyayini Ph.D |
• MLA | V. S. Vijay,Ex Minister of Health in Jayalalithaa's cabinet |
Area | |
• City | 87.915 km2 (33.944 sq mi) |
Elevation | 216 m (709 ft) |
Population | |
• City | 501,966 (2,011) |
• Density | 701/km2 (1,820/sq mi) |
• Metro | 800,000 (2,011) |
Languages | |
• Official | Tamil |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 632 XXX |
Telephone code | 91- 416 |
Vehicle registration | TN 23, TN 73 website=vellorecorp.tn.gov.in/ |
Planning agency | Vellore Municipal Corporation |
Avg. summer temperature | 45 °C (113 °F) |
Avg. winter temperature | 10 °C (50 °F) |
Vellore pronounced [veːluːr] ⓘ) is a municipal corporation in the Vellore district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It became a municipal corporation in August 2008.[1]
Vellore lies on the banks of the Palar River on the site of Vellore Fort. The city is located between Chennai (145 km), Bangalore (215 km) and the temple towns of Thiruvannamalai and Tirupati. Vellore has many colleges, ancient temples, a renowned hospital (the Christian Medical College & Hospital) and a well-known technical institute (the Vellore Institute of Technology). Vellore is a transit hub for travellers and tourism.
Demographics
The city spans approximately 10 km and is developed around the Fort, which is considered as the center of the city. The total city area is 87.915 km².[2]
Vellore city is administrated by a mayor, a deputy mayor and a corporation commissioner. The Vellore Municipal Corporation consists of 60 wards and is divided into four zones: Katpadi, Sathuvachari, Vellore Fort and Shenbakkam. Each zones consists of 15 wards.[3][4]
Tamil is the official and most widely spoken language. Other languages include Telugu, Urdu, Malayalam and Kannada. Most residents can converse in English.
The crime rate in Vellore tends to be low, and the city is known for its religious and linguistic harmony.[5]
Climate
Climate data for Vellore (1951–1980) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 35.3 (95.5) |
39.8 (103.6) |
42.8 (109.0) |
44.4 (111.9) |
45.0 (113.0) |
44.3 (111.7) |
40.9 (105.6) |
39.4 (102.9) |
39.6 (103.3) |
39.2 (102.6) |
35.8 (96.4) |
35.0 (95.0) |
45.0 (113.0) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.2 (84.6) |
32.0 (89.6) |
35.0 (95.0) |
37.1 (98.8) |
38.5 (101.3) |
36.3 (97.3) |
34.6 (94.3) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.0 (93.2) |
33.0 (91.4) |
29.5 (85.1) |
28.3 (82.9) |
33.5 (92.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.2 (64.8) |
19.2 (66.6) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.1 (75.4) |
22.9 (73.2) |
20.8 (69.4) |
19.2 (66.6) |
22.7 (72.9) |
Record low °C (°F) | 10.2 (50.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
12.1 (53.8) |
13.8 (56.8) |
18.1 (64.6) |
19.6 (67.3) |
18.8 (65.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
18.7 (65.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
11.0 (51.8) |
10.2 (50.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 9.0 (0.35) |
7.1 (0.28) |
5.9 (0.23) |
21.8 (0.86) |
83.9 (3.30) |
71.0 (2.80) |
117.0 (4.61) |
124.9 (4.92) |
149.6 (5.89) |
176.9 (6.96) |
155.2 (6.11) |
78.6 (3.09) |
1,000.9 (39.41) |
Average precipitation days | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 9.4 | 7.7 | 3.9 | 56 |
Source: India Meteorological Department,[6] |
Vellore has a tropical wet-and-dry climate, reaching high temperatures during summer.[7] The city experiences wet winters and dry summers; it has an elevation of about 224 meters, with the northeast monsoon the highest contributor to rainfall. The mean maximum and minimum temperatures during summer and winter vary between 38.5°C and 18.95°C. The highest temperature ever recorded is 45°C, and the lowest is 10°C.
The humidity ranges from 40%–63% during summer and 67%–86% during winter. The average annual rainfall is 996.7 millimetres (39.24 in). The maximum rainfall occurs during October and November, with the northeast monsoon. The area experiences rainfall during the southwest monsoon as well.[8]
Economy
The Vellore administrative center is predominantly a marketplace for its own district and neighboring districts, such as Chittoor District(Andhra Pradesh) and Thiruvannamalai District.[citation needed] The city and its nearby industrial towns have seen steady industrial growth following the development of South Asia's second railway line between Chennai, Royapuram and Walajapet.[9] The Golden Quadrilateral road has significantly increased the region's industrial activity.[citation needed] Vellore lies between IT centers (Chennai and Bangalore) and major pilgrimage centres (Tirupathi and Thiruvannamalai). Thousands of people commute to Chennai and nearby industrial towns to work.[citation needed]
Leather
Hundreds of leather and tannery facilities are located around Vellore and its nearby towns, such as Ranipet, Ambur and Vaniyambadi. The Vellore district is the top exporter of finished leather goods in the country. Vellore leather accounts for more than 37 percent[10] of the country's export of leather and leather-related products (such as finished leathers, shoes, garments and gloves). Leather and leather-product exports at the end of 1999 were estimated at Rs.2,000 crore from this district alone.
Manufacturing
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is one of the nine major federal-government-owned enterprises in the nation. The area is home to the Boiler Auxiliaries Plant of BHEL located in Ranipet (the industrial hub of Vellore), which employs about 10,000 people and is one of the fastest-growing BHEL units in India. Ranipet also has about 250 small-scale engineering plants catering mainly to BHEL, and is probably the second-largest fabrication cluster in India.
Chemical plants in the Ranipet-SIPCOT economic zone are a major source of income.[citation needed] EID Parry is a sanitary-ware manufacturing company with 38 percent of the world's market share in bathroom accessories.[11] Tirumalai Chemicals and Greaves are among the international brands located in the area. Automobile and mechanical companies of Global Brands, including SAME Deutz-Fahr, TVS–Brakes India, Mitsubishi, Greaves Cotton and MRF, are in the area.
Arakonam (near Vellore) is the home of companies such as Madras Rubber Factory, and TVS Brakes India[clarification needed] has a manufacturing facility in Sholingur, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Vellore. Brakes India Sholingur's foundry division is located at Vellore-Sholingur and is a major employer in the area.[12]
Asia's biggest explosives manufacturing company, Tamil Nadu Explosives Limited (TEL), is located in Vellore at Katpadi. This is India's only government explosives company with more than a thousand employees.[clarification needed] The company is headed by a senior Indian Administrative Service officer. R. P. Sinha (who was recruited from a multinational explosives corporation for his knowledge of best practices) was the first general manager of the company retired since. During his tenure, TEL reached its maximum production.[13]
Kramski Stamping and Molding India Pvt Ltd. (a German precision metal and plastic integrated-component manufacturing company with automotive, telecommunications, electronics and medical applications) is located in Erayankadu, near Vellore.[14]
Retail
Major businesses in the city center are located on Officer's Line, Town Hall Road, Long Bazaar and Bangalore, Scudder, Arni, Gandhi and Katpadi Roads. Many boarding and lodging houses are located in and around Scudder and Gandhi Roads.
Medical centers
Christian Medical College & Hospital (CMCH), on Ida Scudder Road in the heart of the city, is Vellore's largest private employer and has a large floating population from other parts of India and abroad. Lodging, hospitals and allied businesses are among the major sources of income generated in the central part of the city. The Government Vellore Medical College and Hospital (VMCH) is located at Adukamparai in Vellore city. With the advent of hospitals such as Apollo KH Hospitals in Melvisharam and Sri Narayani Medical Research Center in Sripuram, coupled with colleges such as CMC & VIT and other engineering and science colleges, the healthcare industry is growing rapidly.[15]
Agriculture
The mainstay for people in the rural areas, more than agriculture, is industries such as weaving, beedi and match-stick rolling. The Indian Army has a number of recruits from the Vellore district (especially from Kammavanpet, which is known as "the military village") and military spending is a major sources of income for the region.[16]
Microsoft Innovation Centre (MIC)
Microsoft Corporation (India) Pvt. Ltd. announced the launch of 14 Microsoft Innovation Centers (MICs) in India. Trichy, Vellore, Coimbatore, Madurai and Salem in Tamil Nadu.[17]
Education
Vellore is considered a good destination for medical and technological education in India.[18][19] It has a state-government university, a private technological university, one government and one private medical school and several engineering colleges.
Research centres
The country's first stem-cell translational research centre was established in Vellore in December 2005.[20] The central government's biotechnology department selected the Christian Medical College (CMC) as the first in a series of centers, since it already had world-class clinical hematology and biochemistry departments.[21] The college has made a breakthrough which attracted the attention of the country's medical and scientific community: the Centre for Stem Cell Research at the Christian Medical College succeeded in reprogramming cells from adult mice to make them function like stem cells found in the human embryo.[22]
The agricultural research station at Virinjipuram is in the Northeastern Zone of Tamil Nadu. It is one of 32 research stations of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU).[citation needed] Another research station is located in the Virinjipuram village of Katpadi Taluk in Vellore District. It is about 15 km from the Vellore bus station on the Chennai-Bangalore National Highway and 21 km from the Katpadi railway station.[citation needed]
The Government of India-sponsored National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA) scheme has been in operation since October 1997, with the main objective being trials of conservation measures conducted in water and soil of 18 watersheds in the Vellore and Tiruvannamalai districts.[citation needed]
Universities & Colleges
- Thiruvalluvar University
The Thiruvalluvar University was split off from the University of Madras, previously located earlier in the Vellore Fort campus. The foundation stone for a multi-core university campus was laid at Serkaadu (near Katpadi in Vellore) by Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu M. Karunanidhi on 16 February 2008. It opened on 27 November 2010.[23] Nearly all the government-run arts and science colleges in Vellore, Tiruvannamalai, Villupuram and Cuddalore districts are affiliated with Thiruvalluvar University.[23] [24]
Government Engineering College
Thanthai Periyar Government Institute of Technology is the only Government Engineering College in Vellore.
- Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT)
The Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is in Katpadi, Vellore. VIT has been ranked best private engineering university in India by the magazine India Today.[25][26]
- Medical Colleges
Christian Medical College & Hospital (CMCH) is one of the largest hospitals in India and also Asia,[citation needed] located in the heart of Vellore city. It is a major health-care provider for the surrounding districts.[27]
- Arts and sciences
Auxilium Women's College (founded in 1954) is the first women's college in Vellore district;[28] other arts and sciences colleges in the area are the Dhanabakyam Krishnaswamy Mudhaliar Women's College (DKM) near Sainathapuram and the Muthurangam Government Arts College (MGAC) in Otteri, near Bagayam. Voorhees College (founded 1898) is the oldest college in the district and known as the institution where S. Radhakrishnan (former president of India) studied; a commemorative stamp for the centenary of the college was issued by the government of India. C. Abdul Hakeem College is located in Melvisharam. Arignar Anna Arts College for Women(AAA) is located in Walajapet. Sacred Heart College is in Tirupattur.[29]
- Law
The Government Law College in Vellore was established in 2008. It offers a three-year Bachelor of Laws (BL) degree with an annual intake of 80 students. The college is located in Katpadi, Vellore.[30]
- Arabic
There are several Arabic colleges in Vellore such as the Madrasa Al-Baqiyathus Salihath (Arabic: مدرسة الباقيات الصالحات), popularly known as Baaqiyaath, founded by A'la Hadrat Maulana Shah Abdul Wahab, which is the second oldest Arabic college [31][32] in India after Darul Uloom Deoband in Uttar Pradesh.
Correctional institutions and training schools
One of the two permanent schools in Tamil Nadu for the training of police recruits operates from Vellore Fort. In addition, the city has training centres for prison warders and itself has a prison, which is authorised to hold 2,130 people and is the second-largest prison in Tamil Nadu. Aside from this, the Central Prison, Vellore also has a separate prison for women. Both were established in the British Raj period.
Tourism
Vellore Fort
During British rule the Tippu Sultan's family and the last king of Sri Lanka, Vikrama Rajasinha, were held as royal prisoners in the fort. The fort houses a church, a mosque and a Hindu temple, the latter known for its carvings. The first rebellion against British rule erupted at this fort in 1806, and it also witnessed the massacre of the Vijayanagara royal family of Emperor Sriranga Raya.[33]
The fortifications consist of a main rampart, broken at irregular intervals by round towers and rectangular projections. The main walls are built of massive granite stones, surrounded by a broad moat fed with water by subterranean pipes from the Suryagunta reservoir. Within the fort is the similarly-aged Jalakanteswara Temple. The fort is a noteworthy example of military architecture in South India. The Fort also houses the Tipu Mahal where Tipu Sultan is believed to have stayed with his family during the war with the British; the graves of Tipu's sons are found at Vellore.[34] The fort is administered by the Archeological Survey of India. Vellore Fort has been declared a Monument of National Importance and is a noted tourist attraction. [35]
State Government Museum
The State Government Museum is inside the fort, and was opened to the public in 1985. It consists of objects of art, archaeology, prehistory, weapons, sculptures, bronzes, wood carvings, handicrafts, numismatics, philately, botany, geology and zoology. Historical monuments of the erstwhile composite North Arcot District are contained in the gallery.[36]
Special exhibits include a bronze double sword from Vellore Taluk dating to 400 BC, stone sculptures from the late Pallava to Vijayanagar periods, ivory chess boards and coins used by the last Kandian King of Sri Lanka, Vikrama Raja Singha. Educational activities at the museum include an art camp for school students and the study of inscriptions and iconography for college students.[37]
Clock Tower
The Clock Tower is located in the heart of the city on K. V. Road (Long Bazaar). The tower was erected to commemorate the coronation of King George V. It is also dedicated to the 22 English soldiers who went to fight from this town during World War I (1914–1918), of whom 14 died in the war.[citation needed] The clock-tower building is now used as the central flower market in Vellore city.
Church of South India
The church is nearly 150 years old. The British soldiers who died during the Sepoy Mutiny are buried near the church, and the church is authorized to maintain the cemetery where they are buried by the British Government.
Sripuram Golden Temple
Sri Lakshmi Temple, popularly known as Golden Temple,[38] is a newly built temple ad spiritual park in Thirumalaikodi, Vellore.It is approximately 8 km from the Vellore Town Bus Terminus, near the fort. The temple is located on 100 acres, and has been constructed by Vellore-based Sri Narayani Peedam headed by Sakthi Amma. The temple has intricate carvings, hand-made by hundreds of gold artisans specializing in temple architecture. The exterior of the temple is laid with gold sheets and plates, with construction reported to have cost Rs.300 crores (US$65 million). About 1,500 kg of gold was used for the temple, the largest amount in the world. The lighting is arranged in such a way that the temple glitters even at night. It was completed on August 24, 2007. The outer pathway of the temple is star-shaped, 1.8 km in length, and its walls are inscribed with the teachings of Sakthi Amma.This is the second golden temple in India.
Places of worship
Jalakandeswarar Temple, Srilakshmi Golden Temple, Seethalakshmana Sametha Sri Kothanda Ramar Swamy Temple at Rangapuram, Thengal Ashram, Sholinghur Narasimha Swamy Temple, Mettukulam MahaMuthumariamman Temple, Virinchipuram Shivan Temple, Pallikonda Ranganathaswamy Temple, Wallajapet Dhanvantri Temple and Ponnai Navagraha Kottai Temple are among the temples in the area. The district is also known for Murugan temples, such as the Rathinagiri Balamurugan Temple. The city also has churches and mosques. Assumption Cathedral and the 150-year-old St. John's Church inside the fort are among the churches in Vellore. The Big Mosque, in the heart of the city, houses the largest Arabic college in India.
Jalakandeswarar Temple
Jalakandeswarar Temple ("Shiva in the water"), inside the Vellore Fort, has a Gopuram (tower); Shiva is worshiped in the form of Jalakandeswarar. The temple is located lower than the temple moat (hence its name), and the temple had been closed for a long time.
The temple (built in the late Vijayanagar style) consisted of a main shrine and a closed path around it and a number of sub-shrines. It has two courtyards.
The structures in the courtyard include the Gopuram on the south side, which is the entrance to the temple. In the southwest corner of the outer courtyard is the Kalyanamantapa, an example of the late Vijayanagar style with its pillars, ceilings and plinth moldings. The temple entrance is topped with a gopuram with massive wooden gates, and studded with bosses of iron resembling lotus flowers. There are impressive sculptures in the temple. The shrine is within an inner line of walls, whose carvings are crude compared with the outer enclosure. In the northwest corner of the outer prakara there is a well with a stone doorway, which is usually below the water level; this is said to lead to the River Palar.
Ratnagiri Temple
Rathnagiri Temple is devoted to Lord Balamurugan. Balamurugan Adimaigal developed the hilltop temple in 1968, also founding a hospital and school with community involvement.
Veera Anjaneyar Temple
Veera Anjaneyar Temple is located in Vellore Municipality Office, near to old bus stand and vellore fort.
Aanaikulathamman Koil
This temple is at salavanpet near to velapadi in Vellore.[39]
Arulmigu Renugambal temple
This temple is located at salavanpet near to Kosapet in vellore.[40]
Cathedral
The main Cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vellore is adjacent to the Bishop's House and became a religious center after it was rebuilt in 2001. The bell tower of the church (said to be the highest bell tower in India) is a tourist attraction.
Mettukulam
The Anjaneyar temple is located 12 km from the old bus stand and 7 km from the Vellore city limits,[citation needed] between chittoor and vellore highway.
Map routes
Road
Major National Highways passing through Vellore are:
Vellore city is on NH46 (which connects Bangalore and Chennai), NH4 from Ranipet to Chennai and the Cuddalore-Chittoor highway, making it a transit hub. The Golden Quadrilateral (the largest express highway project in India) makes the city easy to reach from Bangalore and Chennai (on average, 2.1 hours from Chennai and 3 hours from Bangalore).
Bus
Vellore is connected with major cities in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. Bus service is available to Chennai, Coimbatore, Bangalore, Tirupathi, Salem, Chittoor, Hosur, Nagercoil, Cuddalore, Kurnool, Trichy, Thiruvannamalai, Villupuram, Kanyakumari, Arani, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Kanchipuram, Kalpakkam, Gudiyatham, Dharmapuri, Erode, Tirupur, Palakkad, Krishnagiri, Gingee and other major towns and cities in South India. Vellore is served by the city bus service, which connects the city, suburbs and other places of interest. The bus service extends about 30 km from the city center. The city has two bus terminals: the Town Bus Terminus (opposite the fort and near CMC Hospital) and the Central Bus Terminus (Near Green Circle), Other bus terminals are located at Chittor Bus Stand (near VIT Road), Bagayam and Katpadi(Junction bus stop). All above bus stands are maintained by the Vellore Municipal Corporation.
Cars and taxis
Hired cars and taxis charge a flat rate and do not abide by government fixed fares; however, their rates are less expensive than their counterparts in Chennai, Coimbatore and Bangalore.[citation needed]
Rail
Vellore city has three main railway stations. The largest is Vellore-Katpadi Junction, 5 km north of CMC hospital. This is a major railway junction on the Chennai-Bangalore broad-gauge line running to Chennai, Bangalore, Tirupati and Trichy. There are direct rail links to Vijayawada Junction, Tirupati, Bhubaneswar, Nagpur, Bangalore, Bhopal Junction, Mumbai, Mangalore, Tiruchchirapalli, Bilaspur, Korba, Patna, Ernakulam, Trivandrum, Kanniyakumari, Shirdi, Kanpur, Gaya, Dhanbad, Jammu Tawi, Madurai, Bhilai, Gwalior, Chennai Central, Howrah Station, New Delhi Railway Station, Coimbatore, Guwahati, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikode, Jaipur and other major cities. More than 150 trains cross the Vellore-Katpadi Junction daily.[41]
The second-big station, Vellore Cantonment, is in Suriyakulam on the Villupuram-Tirupati broad gauge line, 8 km from Katpadi Junction. EMU and passenger trains to Tirupati, Chennai and Arakonnam depart from here.[42] The 150-km broad gauge line was extended to Villupuram in January 2010, and connects Vellore and South Tamil Nadu; however, as of October 2010[update] it was not serviced by passenger trains.[43][44] An EMU from Vellore Cantonment to Chennai Central was introduced on December 22, 2008.
The third-big and smallest station, Vellore Town Station, is in Konavattam on the line connecting Katpadi Junction with Villipuram Junction.
Air
This article needs to be updated.(December 2010) |
The city has an airport near Abdullapuram; as of 2010[update] it was not open to the public, and was used for aeronautical training programmes. The nearest international airports are Chennai International Airport (130 km) and Bengaluru International Airport (200 km); the nearest domestic airport is Tirupati Airport (100 km).
The Tamil Nadu government proposed to renovate the Abdullapuram airport to allow the operation of 45-seat ATR aircraft, and announced it would speed up the construction of terminal buildings. The Airports Authority of India (AAI) has embarked on an "idle airports activation programme" in the south (including Vellore).
The Vellore airstrip, located on 51.5 acres (208,000 m2), has been opened to trainee pilots of the Madras Flying Club. The proposed Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Aeronautical Science will be moved from Sriperumpudhur to Vellore.
Media and communications
Newspapers
Leading Tamil, English, Telugu, Kannada and other regional-language newspapers are available in Vellore; English-language dailies such as the Deccan Chronicle, The New Indian Express (Vellore city edition), The Hindu, The Times of India and the Deccan Herald also available here. The Tamil dailies Thinaththanthi, Dinamalar, Dinakaran, Dinamani, Tamil Oosai, Tamil Murasu, Maalai Murasu and Malai Malar are printed in Vellore.
TV and radio
Palar TV, Success TV, Arun TV, Vstar TV, Rainbow TV, Brave TV and Thulir TV are the principal local TV channels available in Vellore city. A station of All India Radio is located at Viruthampet, in Vellore city.
Telephone
Vellore Telecom Circle is run by Tamil Nadu Telecom. The administrative offices are on Infantry Road, near the Vellore Cantonment railway station.
Cuisine
Vellore cuisine is similar to the Tamil Nadu style; however, the city also features non-vegetarian biryanis (made with basmati rice) for the Muslim communities in Ambur, Vaniyambadi and Arcot.[citation needed]
Politics
Vellore is part of the Vellore Lok Sabha constituency.[45]
Notable residents
- G. Viswanathan - Founder and chancellor of VIT University
- Durai Murugan - Politician, DMK (former Law Minister)
- V. S. Vijay - Politician, AIADMK (former Health Minister)
- C. Gnanasekharan - Politician, Congress (former MLA)
- K. M. Kader Mohideen - Politician (MP)
References
- ^ "About Vellore City Municipal Corporation – History Of The Vellore City Municipal Corporation". Department Of Municipal Administration And Water Supply, Govt. of Tamil Nadu.
- ^ Tamil Nadu government G.O.(Rt).No. 221 dated 28.09.2010
- ^ Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. p. 13. Retrieved 28 February 2012.
- ^ "About Vellore City Municipal Corporation". Vellore City Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 28 February 2012.
- ^ Religious Harmony among Muslims in Vellore: http://www.twocircles.net/2009sep26/urdu_speaking_tamil_muslims_vellore_tamil_nadu.html
- ^ "Climatological Information for Tirupattur,India". India Meteorological Department.
- ^ Hot climate report on The Hindu: http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/23/stories/2009082350350200.htm
- ^ Vellore climate on Vellore Corporation website: http://vellorecorp.tn.gov.in/abs_Corporation.htm
- ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royapuram_Railway_Station
- ^ "ACTIVITIES AND SCHEMES OPERATED BY DISTRICT INDUSTRIES CENTRE, VELLORE DISTRICT". Vellore District Administration. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
- ^ EID Parry Analysis Report: http://www.eidparry.com/analysisreport.asp
- ^ Brakes India Foundry Division Official Website: http://www.brakesindia.com/brakesfoundry/index.html
- ^ Welcome to TNIEL
- ^ KARMSKI Official Website for Vellore operations: http://gmbh.kramski.com/846.html
- ^ Maninder Kaur, "Vellore—the town with the "healing touch". The Tribune, April 28, 2002 Archived from the original 2012-05-05.
- ^ Rao, Smitha (12 May 2006). "Vellore". Times of India. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
- ^ [1]
- ^ Outlook ranking of colleges in Vellore (CMC): http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?265892
- ^ India Today Ranking of VIT: http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/Photo/1366/3/India/India%27s+Top+Engineering+Colleges.htm
- ^ "Stem cell research centre to come up at CMC, Vellore". Hindu Times. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
- ^ CMC Hospitals Central Government's proposal
- ^ Menon, Jaya (9). "Vellore research centre makes stem cell breakthrough". Times of India. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
{{cite news}}
: Check date values in:|date=
and|year=
/|date=
mismatch (help); Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help) - ^ a b "Karunanidhi renames Officers' Line in Vellore Anna Salai". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 28 November 2010.
- ^ Thiruvalluvar University Official Website: http://www.tvuni.in/
- ^ VIT Ranking in India Today: http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/Photo/3308/3/best-engineering-colleges-in-india,-2010.html
- ^ "Vellore Institute of Technology". The Times Of India.
- ^ "India's mushrooming medical cities: will it mean affordable treatment?". Rediff. 28 July 2007. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
- ^ "Auxilium College". FMA Chennai. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
- ^ Sacred Heart College website
- ^ "BCI's approval for Vellore law college questioned". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 28 June 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2010.
- ^ Abdul Majeed Khatib, அண்ணல் அஃலா ஹள்ரத்(ரஹ்)அழகிய சரிதை - Beautiful History of A'la Hadrath, Pages 31-48, Vellore - 632004, Darul Khatib,1992
- ^ J.B.P. More, Political Evolution of Muslims in Tamilnadu and Madras 1930–1947, Page 54, Orient Blackswan, 1997, ISBN 978-81-250-1192-7
- ^ "Vellore sepoys rebelled". The Hindu.
- ^ "Heritage Site - Tipu Sultans". Deccan Chronicle.
- ^ "Vellore fort to turn tourists' beacon". The HINDU.
- ^ "Numismatics expo begins at Vellore Museum". The Hindu.
{{cite news}}
: Check|url=
value (help) - ^ "Sculptural splendour of India at Vellore Museum". The Hindu.
- ^ Welcome to the official site of Sripuram
- ^ aanaikulathamman Temple - Google Maps
- ^ [2]
- ^ Katpadi Station arrival and departure status: http://indiarailinfo.com/arrivals/36
- ^ New Broad gauge line Vellore Cantonment Station: http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/11/stories/2008111154950500.htm
- ^ Opening of BG track between Vellore Cantonment, Villupuram awaited in The Hindu. 2010-10-06. Accessed 2010-12-06.
- ^ The line was opened for goods trains in June 2010. Goods trains operated on newly laid track in The Hindu. 2010-06-26. Accessed 2010-12-06.
- ^ "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2008-10-08.
Dr.V.Aravinth Reddy.,B.J.P MEDICAL CELLTamil Nadu STATE SECRETARY., ,IMA VELLORE PRESIDENT.,
External links
- Official Government Site
- HaiVellore | Everything About Vellore
- Official Site of Christian Medical College, Vellore
- Chennai museum
- Shiksha Kendra Residential School
- Article on Vellore Revolt 1806 - Bi-Centenary Commemoration Committee
- Vellore Fort History by Indian Postal Dept.
- When the Vellore sepoys rebelled
- Frontline Article on History of Vellore
- HISTORIC MONUMENTS IN VELLORE DISTRICT
- Sambuvarayar period stone inscription found
- Neolithic tools discovered
- POLICE TRAINING COLLEGE
- Tamil Nadu Prison Department
- Ratnagiri Temple