Verkhoyansk
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This article's factual accuracy is disputed. Please see the relevant discussion on the talk page. (December 2009) |
| Verkhoyansk (English) Верхоянск (Russian) |
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|---|---|
| — Inhabited locality — | |
  Location of Verkhoyansk on the map of Russia
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| Coordinates: 67°33′N 133°23′E / 67.55°N 133.383°ECoordinates: 67°33′N 133°23′E / 67.55°N 133.383°E | |
_soviet.png) Coat of arms |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Sakha Republic |
| In administrative jurisdiction of | Verkhoyansk District[citation needed] |
| Municipal status | |
| Mayor[citation needed] | Viktor Pavlov[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2002 Census) | 1,434 inhabitants[1] |
| Founded | 1638[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 678530[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 41165[citation needed] |
Verkhoyansk (Russian: Верхоя́нск; Sakha: Үөһээ Дьааҥы (Uöhee D'aaŋy) is a town in the Sakha Republic, Russia, situated on the Yana River, near the Arctic Circle, 675 km from Yakutsk. There is a river port, an airport, a fur-collecting depot, and the center of a reindeer-raising area. Population: 1,434 (2002 Census).[2] It preserves the status of town for historical reasons only; at the 2002 census it was the third-smallest town in Russia, larger than only Magas and Chekalin.
[edit] History
Cossacks founded an ostrog in 1638, 90 km south-west of the modern town. In 1775 it was moved to the left bank of the Yana River, to facilitate tax collection. It received the status of town in 1817. Between the 1860s and 1917 the town was a place of political exile, with some of the more prominent exiles including the Polish writer Wacław Sieroszewski, as well as Bolshevik revolutionaries Ivan Babushkin and Viktor Nogin.
[edit] Climate
Verkhoyansk is notable chiefly for its exceptionally low winter temperatures and some of the greatest temperature differences between summer and winter on Earth. It has an extreme subarctic climate (Köppen Dfd) dominated much of the year by high pressure. This has the effect of cutting off the region from warming influences in winter and together with poor cloud cover leads to extensive heat losses. In summer, high pressure encourages long periods of sunshine during the very long days and leads to unusually high temperatures: mean monthly temperature in July is 16 °C with the hottest on record (in 1991) at 20.4 °C.[3] Together with Oymyakon it is one of the places considered the northern Pole of Cold. The lowest temperature recorded there in 1892, was −69.8 °C (−93.6 °F). Temperatures in Verkhoyansk have spanned 101 °C (202 °F): from −68 °C (−90.4 °F) to 33 °C (91.4 °F). In this area, temperature inversions often form in winter, with the temperature warmer with higher altitude, rather than vice-versa.
Verkhoyansk has a dry climate with little rainfall or snowfall, less than 150mm per year, largely due to the dominance of high pressure. Most falls as rain in summer while in winter snow is most likely in October and May when it is least dry.
| Weather data for Verkhoyansk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
| Record high °C (°F) | -9.5 (15) |
-0.3 (31) |
4.5 (40) |
14.3 (58) |
28.1 (83) |
34.0 (93) |
37.3 (99) |
33.7 (93) |
25.1 (77) |
14.5 (58) |
1.1 (34) |
-5.3 (22) |
|
| Average high °C (°F) | -42.7 (-45) |
-36.6 (-34) |
-20.0 (-4) |
-3.1 (26) |
9.8 (50) |
20.0 (68) |
23.1 (74) |
18.4 (65) |
8.5 (47) |
-9.0 (16) |
-32.4 (-26) |
-40.2 (-40) |
|
| Average low °C (°F) | -48.9 (-56) |
-46.1 (-51) |
-38.5 (-37) |
-22.1 (-8) |
-3.0 (27) |
6.2 (43) |
8.8 (48) |
4.3 (40) |
-2.7 (27) |
-19.3 (-3) |
-39.9 (-40) |
-46.7 (-52) |
|
| Record low °C (°F) | -67.8 (-90) |
-69.8 (-94) |
-60.3 (-77) |
-57.2 (-71) |
-34.2 (-30) |
-7.9 (18) |
-3.2 (26) |
-9.9 (14) |
-21.7 (-7) |
-48.7 (-56) |
-57.2 (-71) |
-64.5 (-84) |
|
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 6 (0.24) |
6 (0.24) |
5 (0.2) |
6 (0.24) |
12 (0.47) |
28 (1.1) |
33 (1.3) |
32 (1.26) |
14 (0.55) |
13 (0.51) |
10 (0.39) |
8 (0.31) |
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| Source: Погода и Климат[4] Jan 2008 | |||||||||||||
[edit] References
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_04_1.htm. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2008-07-25.
- ^ GHCN monthly climate data; Goddard Institute of Space Studies record for Verhojansk 1885-2009
- ^ Template:Http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/24266.htm
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