Video tape recorder

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VTR redirects here. For other meanings, see VTR (disambiguation).

A video tape recorder (VTR), is a tape recorder that can record video material. The video cassette recorder (VCR), where the videotape is enclosed in a user-friendly videocassette shell, is the most familiar type of VTR known to consumers. Professionals may use other types of video tapes and recorders.

Contents 1 Technologies 2 References in popular culture 3 History of video tape recording 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

[edit] Technologies

Video tape recorder technologies include:

Analog reel-to-reel

• VERA (BBC)
• 2" Quadruplex (Ampex, RCA and Bosch's Fernseh)
• 1" Type A (Ampex)
• 1" Type B (Bosch's Fernseh - BTS Philips)
• IVC 2 inch Helical scan (International Video Corporation's IVC 9000 Format)
• 1" Type C (Sony, Ampex, NEC and Hitachi)

Professional cassette / cartridge based systems

• U-matic (3/4")
• Betacam (Sony)
• M-II (Panasonic)
• Betacam SP (Sony)

A Betamax video tape by BASF.

Standard definition Digital video tape formats

• D1 (Sony) and Broadcast Television Systems Inc.
• D2 (Sony and Ampex)
• D3 (Panasonic)
• DCT (Ampex)
• Digital Betacam (Sony)
• Betacam IMX (Sony)
• DVCAM (Sony)
• DVCPRO (Panasonic)
• D9 (Digital-S) (JVC)

High definition Digital video tape formats

• HDCAM (Sony)
• HDCAM-SR (Sony)
• D5 HD (Panasonic)
• D6 HDTV VTR (BTS - Philips - Thomson SA - Grass Valley (company))
• DVCPROHD (Panasonic)
• D-VHS (JVC and Panasonic)
• HDV (Sony and JVC)

Consumer formats

• DV (miniDV is the cassette size)
• Digital8 (Sony)
• Video 2000 (Philips)
• Betamax
• VHS
• EIAJ Half inch open reel and cassette^[1]
• S-VHS (JVC)
• VHS-C (JVC)
• Video8
• Hi8
• MicroMV
• Cartrivision

[edit] References in popular culture

• The Buggles' hit song Video Killed the Radio Star, the first video ever to air on MTV, contains the lyric "Put the blame on VTR" ^[2], later revised to "VCR".

[edit] History of video tape recording

2 inch quadruplex (also called 2″ quad, or just quad, for short) was the first commercially successful videotape format. It was developed and released for the broadcast television industry in 1956 by Ampex, an American company based in Redwood City, California. This format revolutionized television broadcast operations and production, since the only medium available to the TV industry before then was motion picture film used for kinescopes, which was much more costly to utilize and took more time to develop.

Home VCRs first became available in the early 1970s — such as a Philips VCR model, released in 1972. The first system to be successful with consumers was Sony's Betamax in 1975. This was quickly followed by the competing VHS (Video Home System) format from JVC, and later by Video 2000 from Philips. Subsequently, the Betamax-VHS format war began in earnest. Other competitors, such as Sanyo's V-Cord and Quasar's "Great Time Machine" quickly disappeared.

Beta sales soon dwindled away in the US and Europe and VHS emerged as the winner of the format war. In 1988, Sony began to market their own VHS machines, and despite claims that they were still backing Beta, it was clear that the format was dead - at least in Europe and the U.S. In parts of South America and in Japan Beta continued to be popular and was still in production up to the end of 2002.

• Charles P. Ginsburg, at Ampex Corporation

[edit] See also

• Videocassette recorder for a full treatment of domestic formats.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• LabGuy's World: Museum of Extinct Video Recorders and Accessories

v • d • e Video storage formats Videotape Analog Quadruplex (1956) · VERA (1958) · Type A (1965) · CV-2000 (1965) · Akai (1967) · U-matic (1969) · EIAJ-1 (1969) · Cartrivision (1972) · Philips VCR (1972) · V-Cord (1974) · VX (1974) · Betamax (1975) · IVC (1975) · Type B (1976) · Type C (1976) · VHS (1976) · VK (1977) · SVR (1979) · Video 2000 (1980) · CVC (1980) · VHS-C (1982) · M (1982) · Betacam (1982) · Video8 (1985) · MII (1986) · S-VHS (1987) · Hi8 (1989) · S-VHS-C (1987) · W-VHS (1994) Digital D1 (1986) · D2 (1988) · D3 (1991) · DCT (1992) · D5 (1994) · Digital Betacam (1993) · DV (1995) · Digital-S (D9) (1995) · DVCPRO (1995) · Betacam SX (1996) · DVCAM (1996) · HDCAM (1997) · DVCPRO50 (1997) · D-VHS (1998) · Digital8 (1999) · DVCPRO HD (2000) · D6 HDTV VTR (2000) · MicroMV (2001) · HDV (2003) · HDCAM SR (2003) Videodisc Analog Phonovision (1927) · TeD (1975) · Laserdisc (1978) · CED (1981) · VHD (1983) · Laserfilm (1984) · CD Video (1987) Digital VCD (1993) · MovieCD (c.1995) · DVD/DVD-Video (1995) · MiniDVD (c.1995) · CVD (1998) · SVCD (1998) · EVD (2003) · XDCAM (2003) · H(D)VD(2004) · FVD (2005) · UMD (2005) · VMD (2006) · High Definition HD DVD (2006) · Blu-ray Disc (2006) · HVD (2007) · CBHD (2008) Solid state P2 (2004) · SxS (2007) Digital tapeless MOD (2005) · AVCHD (2006) · AVC-Intra (2006) · TOD (2007) · iFrame (2009) Non-video TV recording Kinescope (1947) · Electronicam kinescope (1950s) · Electronic Video Recording (1967)