Vijayawada

"Bejawada" redirects here. For the 2011 film, see Bejawada (film).

Vijayawada(విజయవాడ)
The City on Fast-Track
—  city  —
Famous attractions in Vijayawada
Vijayawada(విజయవాడ) Location of Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh
Coordinates	16°31′8.50″N 80°37′17.38″E
Country	India
State	Andhra Pradesh
District(s)	Krishna
Mayor
Population	1,491,202 (2,011) (2011)
Official languages	Telugu
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
Area • Elevation • Coastline	• 536 metres (1,759 ft) • 0 kilometres (0 mi)
Climate • Precipitation Temperature • Summer • Winter	Aw (Köppen) •      603 mm (23.7 in) •      26.0 °C (78.8 °F) •      35.9 °C (96.6 °F) •      2 °C (36 °F)

Vijayawada ( pronunciation ; Telugu: విజయవాడ) is the biggest city of the Krishna District and the third largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India after Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam with an area of 61.88 sq km. The city has a population of 1,048,240 (2011 Census), and is expected to increase to 16.5 lakh by 2021. The name vijayawada meaning "Land of Victory" is derived from the presiding deity, Kanaka Durga also called Vijaya. The city is also known as Bezawada.

The city has originated on the southern side of the river Krishna, and hills on its northern side. By 1855 AD, it was in the form of small settlement on the eastern side of the Indrakiladri hills. The city has been ruled by different dynasties from time to time, including the Chalukyas of Kalyan and the great ruler Krishna Deva Raya.

The city experienced a modest growth in the pre-independence era. As the commercial capital of Andhra Pradesh, the city is politically active, sociologically dominant, agriculturally rich and an industrial transportation hub.

Today, the city is home to many of the most well-recognized colleges and institutions in Andhra Pradesh. It is well connected to other regions via road, air and rail, and has the second biggest railway junction in India.

Name

There are many tales behind the origin of the name of the city. Legends have it that this was the place where Arjuna was blessed by Shiva, on Indrakiladri Hill. In another legend it is stated that Goddesses Durga killed the demon and relaxed in this place for some time. As she was victorious (Vijaya), the place got the name as Vijayawada (Vijaya- Victory and Wada- city/place/location) which literally means "City of Victory". The Epic of Mahabharata refers to Indrakiladri hills as the place where Arjuna secured “Pasupathastra” from Lord Siva.

In some legends Vijayawada was also known as Vijayavata and Rajendracholapura.

A tale behind its acquiring the name "Bezawada" is that Goddesses Krishnaveni (River Krishna) requested Arjuna to make a passage for her to merge into the Bay of Bengal. Hence Arjuna made a bejjam (hole) through the mountains and the place came to be known as Bejjamwada which later changed to Bezawada.

Geography and climate

Vijayawada is surrounded by the Krishna river on the east and west and the Budameru River on the north. The Northern, North-Western, and South-Western parts of the city are covered by a low range of hills, while the Central, South-Western and North-Western parts are covered by rich and fertile agriculture lands with three major irrigation canals. The topography of Vijayawada is flat, with a few small to medium sized hills. The Krishna River runs through the city. These hills are part of the Eastern Ghats cut through by the Krishna river. They have very low elevation compared to the average elevation of the ghats. Three canals originating from the north side of the Prakasham barrage reservoir, Eluru, Bandar and Ryves, run through the city. Buckingham Canal originates from the south side of the reservoir formed by Prakasam Barrage. Due to the presence of the Krishna river the soil around here is very fertile and cultivated intensively.

The climate is tropical, specifically a tropical wet and dry climate, with hot summers and moderate winters. The peak temperature reaches 47 °C (117 °F) in May–June, while the winter temperature is 20-27 C. The average humidity is 78% and the average annual rainfall is 103 cm. Vijayawada gets its rainfall from both the south-west monsoon and north-east monsoon. It's nicknamed "Blaze-wada" for its scorching summer heat by Cattamanchi Ramalinga Reddy.

Climate data for Vijayawada(1951-1980)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	30.0 (86.0)	32.7 (90.9)	35.4 (95.7)	37.4 (99.3)	39.8 (103.6)	37.2 (99.0)	33.2 (91.8)	32.4 (90.3)	32.6 (90.7)	31.8 (89.2)	30.7 (87.3)	29.6 (85.3)	33.6 (92.5)
Average low °C (°F)	18.7 (65.7)	20.1 (68.2)	22.4 (72.3)	25.5 (77.9)	27.5 (81.5)	27.0 (80.6)	25.4 (77.7)	25.1 (77.2)	25.1 (77.2)	24.0 (75.2)	21.3 (70.3)	19.1 (66.4)	23.4 (74.1)
Precipitation mm (inches)	0.9 (0.035)	5.3 (0.209)	9.6 (0.378)	14.3 (0.563)	51.3 (2.02)	131.9 (5.193)	218.4 (8.598)	187.6 (7.386)	163.5 (6.437)	142..6 (5.59)	51.3 (2.02)	6.7 (0.264)	1,000.2 (39.378)
Avg. precipitation days	0.1	0.4	0.5	1.0	3.1	7.6	12.6	11.5	8.8	7.1	2.8	0.6	56.1
Source: India Meteorological Department.

Kondapalli Forest

About the western outskirts of Vijayawada lies the Kondapalli reserve forest, spread over 121.5 square kilometres (30,000 acres). The forest provides Vijayawada with a "green lung". This pristine forest is home to leopards, wild dogs, jackals, wild boar, wolves etc. The hills produce a soft wood which is used in the manufacture of Kondapalli Toys.

Civic administration

The city of Vijayawada is run by the Vijayawada Municipal Corporation. The Municipality of Vijayawada was constituted on 1st APR, 1888 and was upgraded as a selection grade municipality in the year 1960. The municipality was upgraded to a corporation in 1981. With the merger of Gunadala, Patamata and Bhavanipuram village panchayats and two villages payakapuram and Kundavari kandrika in the corporation in 1985. More than 200,000 people in metro reside outside corporation limits. Many areas on outskirts or yet to be merged into corporation limits. The total area of the corporation is 61.8 square kilometres (23.9 sq mi) and the population of the whole city (along with Vijayawada Sub-Urban and Vijayawada Rural) is more than 2.5 Million.

The city is divided into 59 political wards. Each ward of the Municipal Corporation is represented by an area corporator. An elected body headed by the Mayor performs the Administration of the Corporation. The Commissioner acts as the executive head, and oversees the day to day functioning of the local body. The commissioner is a (IAS) officer of Joint collector rank appointed by the state government. It has a dedicated Sub-Collector's office for Administration of State and Central Government Programmes. The staff strength of the corporation is just over 5,000. Vijayawada is one of the three cities in andhra pradesh to be provided with its own police commissionerate. The Vijayawada City Police is headed by a Police Commissioner, who is an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer of DIG rank.

Economy

The region around the city has fertile soil and irrigation is supported by the river Krishna and its canals. Major crops include sugarcane, Rice and Mango. Vijayawada is famous for automobile body building, garment, iron and hardware small scale industries. The Jawahar Lal Nehru Auto Nagar Industrial Estate in Vijayawada is one of the largest hubs of automobile industry of Asia. There are about 1500 automobile accessory units in the city and near about 1,00,000 workers are employed in these industries. Apart from workers of the city, people from other parts of the state also come to work in the industrial estate. The main markets are situated in the old city (popularly known as One Town) and near Besant Road. It is estimated that nearly INR 10 crores of garment business takes place in the Vastralatha building alone in One Town daily. Garments are mainly sold in Besant Road and Governor Pet, but most upmarket stores have shifted their shops to Bandar Road. The city has many wholesale businesses. They include garments, iron market, pulses, cereals, and other edible products, fancy markets, fertilizers, mango exports, pharmacy and metal.

The total urban market size of Vijayawada for the year 2008 is estimated at Rs 5526 crores

The industrial estate in Kondapalli, an industrial suburb of Vijayawada,is spread over 450 acres (1.8 km²) and is base to more than 800 industries. In addition a 1800MW Vijayawada Thermal power project(VTPS) and 368.144 MW gas based LANCO power plant which is under expansion to 768.144 MW are located here. In March 2011 Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) announced that it signed an agreement with APGENCO for setting up a 182 MW plant at Vijayawada as a technology demonstration project. Kondapalli suburb also houses Andhra Pradesh Heavy Machinery & Engineering Limited (APHMEL) factory besides being a hub for storage, bottling and transportation of petroleum products.

The fact that Vijayawada is well connected through rail and road makes it one of the main hubs of commercial activities. The second largest wagon workshop of Indian railways is at Rayanapadu near Vijayawada.

Transport

Vijayawada is an important link connecting the three regions of Andhra Pradesh and is a major transit point. Two National Highways, the NH-5 from Chennai to Kolkata and the NH-9 from Machilipatnam to Mumbai pass through the city connecting it to other parts of the country. Another National highway 221 connects the city to Jagdalpur in Madhya Pradesh state. It is connected to other areas of the state, by state highways and district roads. Pandit nehru bus station is Second largest bus station in Asia next to Chennai^{[citation needed]} .The APSRTC run city buses (Metro Express, City Sheetal(A/C Buses) and Ordinary) and auto rickshaws are the main mode of public transport. A BRTS project is under construction as well.

Air

Main article: Vijayawada Airport

Vijayawada City is well connected by air. The domestic airport located at Gannavaram, about 20 km from the city, connects Vijayawada to Hyderabad, Bangalore, Chennai,mumbai, Delhi, Vijayawada Airport is currently being served by Kingfisher Airlines, Jet Airways , spicejet and Air India. Annually, About, 1,80,000 number of passengers are using this airport.

Vijayawada Railway station

Rail

Main article: Vijayawada Junction

Railway Junction, Vijayawada

It is biggest and busiest railway station contributing highest revenues in the South Central Railway region. Situated along the Chennai - Howrah and Chennai - Delhi rail route, Vijayawada Junction is the largest railway junction on the South Central Railway network. Vijayawada junction had been given A-1 status by the central government. Madhuranagar, Gunadala, Rayanapadu, Kondapalli, Nidamanuru, Krishna canal junction and Ramavarappadu are the other railway stations in the city. Vijayawada is one of the busiest railway junctions in India. The railway station has ten platforms for passenger trains and is the only station to have five entrance gates with booking counters in India.

Road

Vijayawada is well connected to the rest of the country by National Highways: NH-5, NH-9 and NH-221. Transport by road from Vijayawada to all the places of interest is available in the form of Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) buses. Private bus operators also provide transport services to various parts of the country.

All major streets are connected with the Local Public Bus Transit (City Buses) operated by APSRTC.It is the first city in the south to introduce CNG buses in its fleet. Vijayawada Municipal Corporation (VMC) is planning to launch Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) with dedicated bus corridors. The initiative, however, is mired in procedural delays and is expected to be launched by mid 2010. Motor driven (auto) rickshaws and manual driven (cycle) rickshaws are the other alternative means of transport within Vijayawada. Private lorries, cars and two-wheeled vehicles are common.

Vijayawada also has the second biggest & busiest bus terminal in the Asia, next to Chennai(CMBT). It was inaugurated on 23 September 1990 and is officially named as Telugu Satavahana Prayana Pranganam.

Education

Vijayawada, also called "Vidyala wada" (Place of Education), occupies a large amount of the education infrastructure of Andhra Pradesh. The city was named "The Educational Sahara" by a foreign ambassador. Education in the city is implemented by the government and private institutions. Vijayawada Municipal Corporation takes care of the government educational institutions.

Government schools in the city are:

• High schools: 28 (including 1 Urdu medium, 2 schools English/Telugu medium, 1 Tamil medium), 1 Bengali medium)
• Upper primary schools: 15 (including 3 Urdu medium, 1 Tamil medium & 1 Bengali medium)
• Elementary schools: 65+10 = 75 (10 Urdu medium, 2 English)
• Students: 28,450 (as of 30 June 2009)
• Teachers: 622

There are also “aided” schools in Vijayawada, meaning schools funded by government and private partnerships, such as the Gollapudi High School. Government schools are located in areas such as the Jammichettu center, the Patamata high school and Suryarao Peta. Private schools are scattered all over the city. A majority of them implement the Andhra Pradesh State Syllabus for their students. The students, after studying their 10th class, take the Public Examination, which is equivalent of the school-leaving certificate. There are only a few schools accredited to the Central Board of Secondary Education in the city, meaning their class 10 students have to take the All India Secondary School Examination (AISSE) for their school-leaving certificate.

NTR University of Health Sciences

The first college built in Vijayawada was SRR & CVR Government College. Andhra Loyola College was established in the year 1953 with Rev. Francis Theo Mathias, SJ as its first principal. KBN College is another popular college in Vijayawada. The first private engineering college in Andhra Pradesh, V R Siddhartha Engineering College, is here. Modern Academy of Technical & General Education, a society and a exclusive college for commerce, produced number of graduates and more than 1500 cost accountants, in Moghalrajpuram, Vijayawada. The branch of the premier centre of excellence under the central government, School of Planning and Architecture (SPA, V) has been allocated to Vijayawada and commenced its courses in 2008.

The NTR University of Health Sciences is the first medical university in India.^{[citation needed]} It is a public university in the city of Vijayawada. It started functioning 1 November 1986.

In 2008, the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India established School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada as an autonomous institution. SPAV is a premier centrally funded technical institution (CFTI) under the MHRD, for excellence in the fields of planning and architecture.

Apart from many above mentioned institutions the city also houses KLUniversity, one of the only three private universities in Andhra Pradesh.

Sports

Cricket is the most popular sport, with National level cricket matches played at Indira Gandhi Stadium. A new international stadium is being built in a 20-acre (81,000 m²) site in Mangalagiri which will replace the local stadium as the venue for international and Ranji matches. Only One International Cricket match was played between India and West Indies on November 24, 2002 at Indira Gandhi stadium.It was won by West Indies.On December 12, 1997 Women's Cricket Worldcup only a Group match was played between England Women's Cricket Team and Pakistan Women's Cricket team and it was won by England Women's Cricket team.

Badminton, Volleyball and Chess are also popular.

Famous sports personalities from Vijayawada include:

• Weightlifting - Dandamudi Rajagopal - Participated in 1948 and 1956 Olympics, Played Bhima role in various hit movies like Narthanasala.
• Chess Grandmaster Koneru Humpy, Harikrishna
• Badminton -Chetan Anand
• Volleyball-Guttikonda Pradeep
• Indian Archer -Cherukuri Lenin

Attractions

Main article: Places of interest in Vijayawada

The city includes many tourist attractions. Some famous landmarks and places to visit in Vijayawada are:

Krishna River

• Prakasham Barrage: Built across the river Krishna connecting Guntur District, Prakasham Barrage has created a panoramic lake. Its three canals that run through the city give Vijayawada a Venetian (Venice) look.

Kanaka Durga Temple

• Kanaka Durga Temple: One of the most popular temples in Andhra Pradesh, it is located on Indrakeeladri hill overlooking the city as well as the River Krishna. It was built after 12th century by Maharaja Poosapati Madhava Varma, the ancestor of Vijayanagaram Poosapati Kings, according to History. He is the builder of Modern Vijayawada kingdom.

Vijayawada river view from Padmavati ghat

• Gandhi Hill: The first Gandhi Memorial with seven stupas in the country was constructed on this hill at a height of 500 ft (150 m). The 52 ft (16 m) stupa was unveiled on 6 October 1968 by Dr. Zakir Hussain, the President of India. Gandhi Memorial Library, a Sound and Light Show on Mahatma Gandhi's life and a planetarium are the other attractions.

Undavalli Caves

• Mogalarajapuram Caves: These caves are said to be excavated in 5th century A.D. The caves are reputed to be the first of their kind in South India. The idols of Lord Nataraja, Vinayaka & Arthanareeswara are carved here, but none of the statue are available here.
• Victoria Museum: A place for archaeology lovers, Victoria Museum has a carefully preserved collection of ancient sculptures, paintings, idols, weapons, cutlery, and inscriptions.

Vijayawada view from hill

• Hazarat Bal Mosque: A holy relic of the Prophet Mohammed is kept here which is displayed once a year. A large number of non-Muslims too join the celebrations.
• Rajiv Gandhi Park: Created by the Vijayawada Municipal Corporation with great care, this park welcomes the tourists at the entrance of the city with its impressive horticultural network. A mini zoo and a musical water fountain are added to it.

Kondapalli Toys

• Gunadala Matha Shrine: In 1925, Rf. Arlati, the Rector of St. Joseph's Orphanage at Gunadala, installed a statue of Our Lady and later a church was built and consecrated in 1971, now popularly known as St. Mary's church. Since then the Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes became an annual event here, attended by hundreds of people. The church is situated on a hillock on the eastern side of the city.

Kondapalli Quilla

• Bhavani Island: Perhaps one of the largest islands on a river, Bhavani Island is located on Krishna River close to the city. AP Tourism is converting this 133-acre (54 hectare) island into an attractive tourist spot and a River Front Resort. The island currently has some cottages to stay in and some good adventure and fun sports. Journey to the island by boat is very pleasant.
• Mangalagiri:mangalagiri is a near by town.which is a famous pilgrim centre,for its panakala lakshmi narasimha swami temple which is one among the tallest temple towers of the India.mangalagiri is also famous for its traditional textiles.
• Namburu: Namburu is a suburban of Guntur and Vijayawada cities. though a village gives a ornate urban living because of well established townships .Nambur is also famous for spiritual centers namely kaligardens,Hreenkar theerth(jain temple)which is one of the master piece for its architecture.Acharya nagarjuna university is situated in Nambur

Vijayawada is well connected to nearby tourist attractions like Amaravati, Namburu, Kuchipudi, Kondapalli, Gudivada, Chodavaram, Krishna district, Undavalli caves and Machilipatnam.

Vijayawada at Nighttime from Kanaka Durga Temple

Retail

Vijayawada is getting a major upgrade with brand new malls and multiplexes with upscale retail stores and major fast food outlets setting up shop in these malls. The list of upcoming malls and multiplexes in Vijayawada as follows:

• INOX Leisure Limited - INOX currently operates 41 multiplexes and 155 screens in 26 cities (updated on 16-09-2011) across India. Now it is available in Vijayawada, one in Gandhi Nagar, Urvashi complex and another in LEPL ICON MALL
• KFC - KFC, founded and also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is a chain of fast food restaurants based in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Now it is available in Vijayawada in MG Road, near Benz circle.
• LEPL ICON - Next to Maris Stella College, NH-5, near Benz Cirlce. The mall has 4 Screens of INOX, Shoppers Stop, Food Court, Crossword, HomeStop, SVM Gaming Zone.
• RIPPLES MALL - Making Waves - Opposite to Tipsy Topsy, MG Road. The mall has 4 Screens of PVR, Max Store, Globus Store, Flying Machine, Louis Philippe, Peter England, Van Heusen, Allen Solly, Cat Moss (Kids Apparel) and a Food Court .
• LEPL OASIS Center - Opposite to Fortune Murali Park, MG Road. Max Store, Life Style, Spar World Super Market, SVM Bowling Alley, Food Court.
• TRENDSET MALL (6 Screen Multiplex) - at Benz Circle, MG Road.
• BVR TOWN CENTRE - Opp. Chennupati Petrol Bunk, MG Road. 6 Screen Satyam, Supermarket, 6-Cinemas (Sathyam), Fashion Megastore, CDIT Megastore, Leisure Megastore, 560-seat Food Court, Family Entertainment Centers, Quick Service Restaurants, Cafes, Restaurants and Vanilla Stores.
• POWER ONE MALL - 4 Screen Multiplex, Food Court, Shopping Mall. Near Siris Company, Vijayawada
• Navrang theatre in Vijayawada is the first single-screen theatre in Andhra Pradesh to have acquired 3-D cinema equipment and Maruthi Talkies was the first Movie theatre in Andhra Pradesh.
• There are about 44 Movie Theaters and Multiplexes in Vijayawada.

Notable residents

• A. G. K. Gokhale
• Goparaju Ramachandra Rao
• Harindranath Chattopadhyay
• Kallam Anji Reddy - Scientist, Founder,Dr.Reddy's Laboratories.
• Jandhyala Subramanya Sastry
• Mangalampalli Balamurali Krishna
• Ayyadevara Kaleswara Rao
• Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (Belongs to same district)
• Jayaprakash Narayan (Lok Satta)
• Kanuri Lakshmana Rao
• Koneru Humpy
• Laya (actress)
• Malladi Venkata Krishna Murthy
• Meghna Naidu
• Nallan Chakravartula Krishnamacharyulu
• Padmasree Warrior
• Rambha (actress)
• Ramakrishna Badiga
• Veturi Sundararama Murthy
• Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna
• Sunkara Paparao
• Padmasree Turlapathi Kutumbha Rao
• Ram Gopal Verma (Director)
• Ravi Teja (Actor)
• Vangaveeti Mohana Ranga(Famous politician from vijayawada.)
• Devineni Murali (Another Famous politician from Vijayawada.)

Gallery

• 

  Benz circle Vijayawada

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  Kondapalli Quilla

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  Undavalli Caves

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  Kanaka Durga Temple

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  Prakasam Barrage view from Padmavati ghat

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  Vijayawada view from hill

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  A canal of river Krishna in Vijayawda

External links

• Vijayawada Municipal Corporation website
• Vijayawada Kanakadurgamma temple official website
• Vijayawada Web Domain and Web Hosting services
• Vijayawada Portal