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Vilnius Old Town

Coordinates: 54°41′12″N 25°17′35″E / 54.68667°N 25.29306°E / 54.68667; 25.29306
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Vilnius Historic Centre
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Panorama of Vilnius Old Town
LocationVilnius, Vilnius County, Lithuania
CriteriaCultural: (ii), (iv)
Reference541bis
Inscription1994 (18th Session)
Extensions2012
Area352.09 ha (870.0 acres)
Buffer zone1,912.24 ha (4,725.2 acres)
Coordinates54°41′12″N 25°17′35″E / 54.68667°N 25.29306°E / 54.68667; 25.29306
Vilnius Old Town is located in Vilnius
Vilnius Old Town
Location of Vilnius Old Town in Vilnius
Vilnius Old Town is located in Lithuania
Vilnius Old Town
Vilnius Old Town (Lithuania)

The Old Town of Vilnius (Template:Lang-lt, Template:Lang-pl, Template:Lang-be, Template:Lang-ru), one of the largest surviving medieval old towns in both Northern and Central Europe, has an area of 3.59 square kilometres (887 acres). It encompasses 74 quarters, with 70 streets and lanes numbering 1487 buildings with a total floor area of 1,497,000 square meters.

According to the archaeological research, the first traces of a city are found in Vilnius during the reign of Traidenis and Vytenis rule. There is some scientific debate whether Vilnius was already a city at the times of king of Lithuania Mindaugas. It was first mentioned in the written sources in the letters of Gediminas. The Magdeburg rights were granted by the Lithuanian Grand Duke and King of Poland Jogaila in 1387.

It is the oldest part of the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius, it had been developed over the course of many centuries, and has been shaped by the city's history and a constantly changing cultural influence. It is a place where some of Europe's greatest architectural styles—gothic, renaissance, baroque and neoclassical—stand side by side and complement each other. There are many Catholic, Lutheran and Orthodox churches, residential houses, cultural and architectural monuments, museums in the Old Town.

Pilies Street is the Old Town's main artery and the hub of cafe and street market life. The main street of Vilnius, Gediminas Avenue, is partially located in the Old Town. The central squares in the Old Town are the Cathedral Square and the Town Hall Square.

One of the most elaborate architectural complexes is the Vilnius University Architectural Ensemble, which occupies a large part of the Old Town and has 13 courtyards. It was selected to represent Lithuania in the Mini-Europe Park in Brussels.

In 1994 the Vilnius Old Town was included as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (No. 541) in recognition of its universal value and originality. It has been recognised as one of the most beautiful cities of the Old Continent that also has the largest baroque Old Town in the whole of Eastern and Central Europe. The definition of "historic center" itself has a broader meaning than the Old Town, formerly encircled with defensive walls. It embraces the valuable historical suburbs of Vilnius, such as Užupis, which historically used to be outside the city boundaries. Therefore Užupis is often considered a part of the Old Town of Vilnius.

352 ha Vilnius Old Town (Senamiestis) as the UNESCO World Heritage Site should not be confused with one of 21 elderships (boroughs) of Vilnius – Senamiestis (the one with a slightly larger territory – 440 ha).[1]

Landmarks

There are more monuments of interest in the Old Town than in any other part of Vilnius; they include:

Palaces

Religious monuments

Other places of interest

Panorama of the Vilnius Old Town, visible from atop the Gediminas Tower

References

  1. ^ "Vilniaus miesto seniūnijų ribos". hub.arcgis.com (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 2021-12-16.
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