Viper class destroyer

HMS Viper
Class overview
Builders:	Hawthorn Leslie and Company
Operators:	Royal Navy
In commission:	1899–1915
Completed:	2
Lost:	2
General characteristics
Type:	Torpedo boat destroyer
Displacement:	344 long tons (350 t)
Length:	210 ft (64 m)
Beam:	21 ft (6.4 m)
Draught:	7 ft (2.1 m)
Propulsion:	Parsons turbines, 10,000 ihp (7,457 kW)
Speed:	36.5 knots (67.6 km/h; 42.0 mph)
Complement:	68
Armament:	• 1 × 12 pounder gun • 5 × 6 pounder guns • 2 × torpedo tubes

The Viper class was a group of two Torpedo Boat Destroyers (TBD) built for the British Royal Navy in 1899.

They were notable for being the first warships to use steam turbine propulsion. They had Parsons turbines on four shafts, with two propellers on each, one inboard and one outboard of the shaft A-bracket.

HMS Viper was ordered and built for the Royal Navy in 1899 by Hawthorn Leslie and Company at Hebburn on the River Tyne. HMS Python was built as a speculative venture by Hawthorns and was purchased in 1902.

Viper and another turbine-powered ship, the Vickers special-type HMS Cobra were both lost to accidents in 1901: Viper foundered on rocks in fog during naval manoeuvres near Alderney on 3 August 1901, while Cobra broke her back in a storm in the North Sea on 18 September 1901. Since then the Royal Navy has not used snake names for destroyers; Python was renamed Velox soon after. Velox was rated as a C class type in 1913, that is a 30-knot TBD with three funnels.

The ships were considered successes when acquired, achieving speeds of up to 36 knots on trials, and all subsequent British destroyers after the River or E class of 1903 used steam turbine machinery (until the all-gas turbine Type 42 of 1971).

Ships

• HMS Viper, launched 6 September 1899, wrecked near Alderney on 3 August 1901.
• HMS Python, later renamed HMS Velox, launched 11 February 1902, mined and sunk off Nab light vessel, 25 October 1915.

References

• Lyon, David (1996). The First Destroyers. ISBN 1-84067-364-8.