Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate

Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate
d͡ʑ
IPA number	216
Encoding
Entity (decimal)	ʥ
Unicode (hex)	U+02A5
X-SAMPA	dz\
Sound

The voiced alveolo-palatal affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with ⟨d͡ʑ⟩ (formerly ⟨ʥ⟩).

Features

Features of the voiced alveolo-palatal affricate:

• Its manner of articulation is sibilant affricate, which means it is produced by first stopping the air flow entirely, then directing it with the tongue to the sharp edge of the teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
• Its place of articulation is alveolo-palatal. This means that:
  • Its tongue shape is alveolo-palatal, which means that the tongue is convex V-shaped, with the middle of the tongue highly bowed (and raised) towards the hard palate, producing strong palatalization (often most audible as a y-like transition after the sound).
  • Its place of passive articulation is postalveolar, meaning that the tongue contacts the roof of the mouth in the area behind the alveolar ridge (the gum line).
  • Its place of active articulation is laminal, meaning that it is the tongue blade that contacts the roof of the mouth.
• Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
• It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
• It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Catalan	All dialects	metge	[ˈmedd͡ʑə]	'doctor'	See Catalan phonology
	Valencian	joc	[ˈd͡ʑɔk]	'game'
Japanese		知人/chijin	[t͡ɕid͡ʑĩɴ]	'acquaintance'	See Japanese phonology
Korean		감자/gamja	[ɡ̊ɐmd͡ʑɐ]	'potato'	See Korean phonology
Polish		dźwięk	[d͡ʑvʲɛŋk]	'sound'	See Polish phonology
Russian		дочь бы	[ˈdod͡ʑ bɨ]	'daughter would'	Allophone of /t͡ɕ/. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian		ђаво/đavo	[d͡ʑâʋoː]	'devil'	See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Yi		ꐚ/jji	[d͡ʑi˧]	'bee'

Bibliography

• Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103–107 
• Wheeler, Max W (2005), The Phonology Of Catalan, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0199258147