Voiced retroflex sibilant

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
  (Redirected from Voiced retroflex fricative)
Jump to: navigation, search
Voiced retroflex sibilant
ʐ
IPA number 137
Encoding
Entity (decimal) ʐ
Unicode (hex) U+0290
X-SAMPA z`
Kirshenbaum z.
Sound
Voiced retroflex sibilant.ogg

 

The voiced retroflex fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʐ ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z`.Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a zee (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant).

Contents

[edit] Features

Features of the voiced retroflex fricative:

  • Its manner of articulation is sibilant fricative, which means it is generally produced by channeling air flow along a groove in the back of the tongue up to the place of articulation, at which point it is focused against the sharp edge of the nearly clenched teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
  • Its place of articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated sub-apical - with the tip of the tongue curled up. But more generally it means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized. That is, besides the prototypical sub-apical articulation, the tongue contact can be apical (pointed) or laminal (flat).
  • Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
  • It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.

[edit] Occurrence

In the following transcriptions, diacritics may be used to distinguish between apical [ʐ̺] and laminal [ʐ̻].

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Abkhaz абжа [ˈabʐa] 'half' See Abkhaz phonology
Chinese Mandarin /ròu [ʐou̯˥˩] 'meat' May also be a retroflex approximant ([ɻ]). See Mandarin phonology
Pashto southern dialect ږمونځ [ʐmund͡z] 'comb'
Polish[1] żona About this sound [ˈʐ̠ɔn̪a] 'wife' Also represented by <rz>. See Polish phonology
Russian[1] кожа [ˈkoʐə] 'skin' See Russian phonology
Slovak[2] žabka [ˈʐapka] 'frog'
Torwali[3] ? [ʂuʐ] 'straight'
Ubykh [ʐa] 'firewood' See Ubykh phonology
Vietnamese Southern dialects rô [ʐo] 'diamond' See Vietnamese phonology
Yi /ry [ʐɿ˧] 'grass'

[edit] See also

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
Interaction
Toolbox
Print/export
Languages