Vytegra
| Vytegra (English) Вытегра (Russian) |
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.svg) Location of Vologda Oblast in Russia |
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 Vytegra
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| Coordinates: 61°00′N 36°24′E / 61°N 36.4°ECoordinates: 61°00′N 36°24′E / 61°N 36.4°E | |
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| Administrative status (as of June 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Vologda Oblast |
| Administrative district | Vytegorsky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Vytegorsky District[1] |
| Municipal status (as of July 2010) | |
| Municipal district | Vytegorsky Municipal District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Vytegorskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Vytegorsky Municipal District, Vytegorskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
10,490 inhabitants[3] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 11,400 inhabitants[4] |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[5] |
| First mention | 1496[6] |
| Town status since | 1773[7] |
| Previous names | Vytegorsky Pogost, Vyangi[6][7] |
| Vytegra on WikiCommons | |
Vytegra (Russian: Вытегра) is a town and the administrative center of Vytegorsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,[1] located along the shores of the Vytegra River on Volga-Baltic Waterway 320 kilometers (200 mi) northwest of Vologda. Municipally, it is incorporated as a part of Vytegorskoye Urban Settlement in Vytegorsky Municipal District.[2] Population: 10,490 (2010 Census preliminary results);[3] 11,400 (2002 Census);[4] 12,905 (1989 Census).[8]
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[edit] History
Vytegra was first mentioned in 1496 as Vytegorsky Pogost. Since 1710, it was known as the village of Vyangi (Вянги) at the confluence of the Vytegra and the Vyangi Rivers.[6] In 1773, it was granted town status and renamed Vytegra.[7] It was an important transit point for cargo, which lied at the crossing of a waterway connecting central Russia with Lake Onega and a road connecting Saint Petersburg and Arkhangelsk. In 1715, a shipyard was founded by Tsar Peter the Great on the Vytegra River upstream from Vyangi. The shipyard was in operation until 1847.[6] The idea to build a canal connecting the river basins of the Neva and the Volga was already discussed by Peter, but the canal, formerly the Mariinsky System, was only built in the beginning of the 19th century. In the 20th century, it was reconstructed and renamed into the Volga–Baltic Waterway.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Vyangi was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known from 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). In 1727, it was transferred to the newly established Novgorod Governorate. In 1773, Vyangi was renamed into Vytegra was chartered, and in 1776 Vytegorsky Uyezd was established as one of the uyezds of newly established Novgorod Viceroyalty. It became a part of Olonets Oblast.
A sequence of administrative reforms followed. In 1781, Olonets Oblast was transferred to Saint Petersburg Governorate, and in 1784, it was transformed into an independent administrative unit, Olonets Viceroyalty. In 1785, Vytegorsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into Pudozhsky Uyezd. In 1799, Olonets Viveroyalty was abolished and divided between Novgorod and Arkhangelsk Governorates. Vytegorsky Uyezd returned to Novgorod Governorate. In 1801, Olonets Governorate was established, and Vytegorsky Uyezd became one of several uyezds of the governorate.
In 1922, Olonets Governorate was abolished, and Vytegra was transferred to Petrograd Governorate (later Leningrad Oblast). On August 1, 1927, the uyezds in Leningrad Oblast were abolished, and Vytegorsky District with the center in Vytegra was established as a part of Lodeynoye Pole Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[9] On September 23, 1937 it was transferred to newly established Vologda Oblast.[9]
During the Second World War, Finnish troops occupied the western part of Oshtinsky District and in October 1941, prepared an advance to Vytegra. The Finnish advance was stopped by the Red Army, but the occupation continued till June 1944. Vytegra was under threat for these two and a half years, but never was occupied.
[edit] Economy
[edit] Industry
There is a butter-making, a fish-processing, and an automotive and tractor overhaul and repair plants in the town, as well as several metalworking enterprises.
[edit] Transport
Vytegra is a road junction where a partially paved road connecting to Podporozhye in Leningrad Oblast branches off from the highway connecting Vologda with Medvezhyegorsk in the Republic of Karelia via Lipin Bor and Pudozh. There is bus traffic originating from Vytegra.
The Volga–Baltic Waterway, connecting the river basins of the Volga and the Neva, passes through the town, following the course of the Vytegra River. The passenger navigation on Lake Onega, connecting Vytegra with Petrozavodsk, has been discontinued.
Vytegra Airport in 2011 was not served by regular passenger flights.
[edit] Culture and recreation
Vytegra contains three objects classified as cultural and historical heritage by Russian Federal law, and additionally sixty-six objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[10] The cultural heritage monuments of the federal significance are the remains of the Mariinsky Waterway from the early 19th century.
The Vytegorsky District Museum is located in Vytegra.[11] Another museum in Vytegra is located in the Б440 Russian submarine of the Foxtrot class.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 19 222 501 4», в ред. изменения №179/2011 от 1 февраля 2012 г. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 19 222 501 4, as amended by the Amendment #179/2011 of February 1, 2012. ).
- ^ a b c d Law #1124-OZ
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ a b c d "Вытегорский муниципальный район" (in Russian). Администрация Вытегорского муниципального района. 2009. http://www.vytegra-adm.ru/ob_sved.php. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
- ^ a b c Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 97. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b "Справка об изменениях административно-территориального устройства и сети партийных и комсомольских органов на территории Вологодской области (1917-1991)" (in Russian). Архивы России. http://www.rusarchives.ru/guide/voanpi/126sia.shtml. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
- ^ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. http://kulturnoe-nasledie.ru/. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
- ^ "Вытегорский районный краеведческий музей" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. http://www.museum.ru/M781. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
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