Water Framework Directive
 European Union directive: |
|
| Directive 2000/60/EC | |
|---|---|
| Water Framework Directive | |
| Made by | European Parliament & Council |
| Made under | Article 175(1) |
| Journal reference | OJL 327, 22 December 2000, pp. 1–73 |
| History | |
| Made | 23 October 2000 |
| Came into force | 22 December 2000 |
| Implementation date | 22 December 2003 |
| Preparative texts | |
| Other legislation | |
| Amended by | Decision No 2455/2001/EC, Directive 2008/32/EC |
| Status: Current legislation | |
The Water Framework Directive (more formally the Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy) is a European Union directive which commits European Union member states to achieve good qualitative and quantitative status of all water bodies (including marine waters up to one nautical mile from shore) by 2015. It is a framework in the sense that it prescribes steps to reach the common goal rather than adopting the more traditional limit value approach.
The directive defines 'surface water status' as the general expression of the status of a body of surface water, determined by the poorer of its ecological status and its chemical status. Thus, to achieve 'good surface water status' both the ecological status and the chemical status of a surface water body need to be at least 'good'. Ecological status refers to the quality of the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems of the surface waters. Water is an important facet of all life and the water framework directive sets standards which ensure the safe access of this resource.
The Directive requires the production of a number of key documents over six year planning cycles. Most important among these is the River Basin Management Plans, to be published in 2009,[dated info] 2015 and 2021. Draft River Basin Management Plans are published for consultation at least one year prior.
Good ecological status is defined locally as being lower than a theoretical reference point of pristine conditions, i.e. in the absence of anthropogenic influence. Article 14 of the directive requires member states "to encourage the active involvement of interested parties" in the implementation of the directive. This is generally acknowledged to be an assimilation of the Aarhus Convention.[1]
Contents |
[edit] Criticisms
The EU WFD faces criticism on two facets.
- The automatic assumption that any anthropogenic influence is bad for an environment. This by its definition means a body of water polluted by natural occurring algae would be regarded as "good" where a clean-up operation to present existing flora and fauna would result in lowering its status.
- That regional weather records (nor "climate change") records are not required to be included with scientific tests for a water body and that the model that renders the "theoretical reference point" doesn't take weather variation into account. Records from such a region would be removed from the main dataset and trending would be employed to create false results to fill the gaps.[2]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "The Water Framework Directive: A New Directive for a Changing Social, Political and Economic European Framework — European Planning Studies". www.informaworld.com. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a713666358~db=all. Retrieved 2008-03-23.
- ^ "Incorporating climate change in river typologies for the Water Framework Directive (Never adopted)". www.environment-agency.gov.uk. http://publications.environment-agency.gov.uk/PDF/SCHO0805BJJJ-E-E.pdf. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
[edit] External links
- EU legislation summary
- Text of the directive, without tables and graphics, HTML format
- Text of the directive, with tables and graphics, PDF format
- EU Commission site with general and background information
- EU Twinning Project Implementing the Water Framework Directive in Croatia
 |
This article about the European Union is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
