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Water testing is a broad description for various procedures used to analyze water quality. Testing may be performed to evaluate:
- ambient or environmental water quality--the ability of a surface water body to support aquatic life as an ecosystem. See Environmental monitoring, Freshwater environmental quality parameters and Bioindicator.
- wastewater--characteristics of polluted water (domestic sewage or industrial waste) before treatment or after treatment. See Environmental chemistry and Wastewater quality indicators.
- "raw water" quality--characteristics of a water source prior to treatment for domestic consumption (drinking water). See Bacteriological water analysis and specific tests such as turbidity and hard water.
- "finished" water quality--water treated at a municipal water purification plant. See Bacteriological water analysis and Category:Water quality indicators
- suitability of water for industrial uses such as laboratory use, manufacturing or equipment cooling. See purified water.
Peer-reviewed test methods have been published by government agencies[1] private research organizations[2] and international standards organizations[3] for ambient water, wastewater and drinking water. Approved published methods must be used when testing to demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ For example, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Clean Water Act methods for wastewater: "Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants." Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 136.
- ^ Clescerl, Leonore S.(Editor), Greenberg, Arnold E.(Editor), Eaton, Andrew D. (Editor). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (20th ed.) American Public Health Association, Washington, DC. ISBN 0-87553-235-7. This publication is also available on CD-ROM and online by subscription.
- ^ International Organization for Standardization. "ISO Standards 13.060: Water quality". http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_ics/catalogue_ics_browse.htm?ICS1=13&ICS2=060. Retrieved 2010-03-28. Including toxicity, biodegradability, protection against pollution, related installations and equipment. Geneva, Switzerland.
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