Wikipedia:IPA for Basque
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Basque language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Basque language#Phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Basque.
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[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c Lenition of /b d g/ occurs in regular speech in most Southern Basque dialects. Hualde (1991:99-100).
- ^ Silent in Southern Basque dialects.
- ^ a b Basque contrasts two consonants that sound similar to the /s/ of Englishː /s̺/, which is apical, and /s̻/, which is laminal. Similarly, /ts̺/ and /ts̻/ are contrasted in the same way.
- ^ /x/ is frequently heard due to its prevalence in Gipuzkoan but the realisation of the grapheme j varies depending on dialect and includes [j, ʝ, ɟ, ʒ, ʃ, x, χ]. The last, which resembles Scottish English loch, is typical of Gipuzkoan and the dialect of Gernika.
- ^ The Basque /e/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of play (for most English dialects) and the vowel of bed; the Basque vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
- ^ The Basque /o/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of coat (for most English dialects) and the vowel of raw; the Basque vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
[edit] References
- Trask, Larry (1997), The History of Basque, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-13116-2
- Hualde, José Ignacio (1991), Basque Phonology, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-05655-1
