| Consonants |
| IPA |
Examples |
English equivalent (approximate) |
| b |
bach, cwbl, mab |
be |
| d |
dydd, cadw, tad |
do |
| dʒ |
diawl, garej |
just |
| ð |
ddydd, deuddeg |
the |
| f |
ffenest, cyffredin, corff, phen |
find |
| ɡ |
glân, cegin, cig |
get |
| h |
haul, gwahanol |
have |
| j |
iaith, geiriadur |
you |
| k |
cig, acw, ac |
can |
| l |
mo leicio, ei lyfr, Alban, bol |
like |
| ɬ |
llyfr, cyllell |
No English equivalent[1] somewhere between the voiceless l in please and the tl in RP kettle |
| m |
mab, cymaint, dim |
me |
| m̥ |
fy mhen, cymharu |
wormhole |
| n |
nerth, anadlu, gwyn |
no |
| n̥ |
fy nhad, brenhines |
unhappy |
| ŋ |
fy ngwely, dangos, rhwng |
thing |
| ŋ̊ |
yng Nghymru, anghywir |
Shanghai |
| p |
pen, copa, map |
please |
| r |
radio, ei restr, garw, dŵr |
right but trilled |
| r̥ |
rhestr, diarhebion |
Voiceless r as in pretty but trilled |
| s |
Saesnes, swsus |
see |
| ʃ |
siop |
she |
| t |
tatws, at |
time |
| tʃ |
wats |
chance |
| θ |
thad, athro, peth |
think |
| v |
faint, ei fab, afal, arf |
very |
| w |
wedyn, ei wraig, cywir |
was |
| χ |
chwaer, ei chath, bwlch |
No common English equivalent; Scots loch or Yinglish chutzpah |
|
|
| Monophthongs |
| IPA |
Examples |
English equivalents |
| a |
sant, pàs |
sand |
| ɑː |
mab, sâl |
father |
| eː |
peth, trên |
air |
| ə |
ysgrifenyddes |
about |
| ɛ |
perth |
well |
| iː |
hir, sgîl |
be |
| ɪ |
tipyn, dim |
it |
| ɨ̞ |
gwyn, punt |
pin |
| ɨː |
tŷ, llun |
tea |
| oː |
bro, côt |
Scottish English toe |
| ɔ |
bron |
gone |
| uː |
cwch, dŵr |
you |
| ʊ |
cwm, mẁg |
good |
| Diphthongs |
| IPA |
Examples |
English equivalents |
| ai |
tai |
eye |
| aɨ |
cau, nesáu |
pie |
| au |
llaw |
around |
| ɑːɨ |
hael, cae |
| ɛu |
llew |
wayward |
| əi |
Seisnig |
| əɨ |
gwneud |
| əu |
bywyd |
RP toe |
| ɪu |
lliw |
| ɨu |
Duw, menyw |
| ɔi |
osgoi |
boy |
| ɔɨ |
coeden |
| ʊɨ |
mwy, gŵyl |
|
