William Shanks
| William Shanks | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Born | January 25, 1812 Corsenside, Houghton-le-Spring, Tyne and Wear, England |
| Died | 1882, aged 70 Houghton-le-Spring, County Durham, England |
| Fields | Amateur calculator, school owner |
William Shanks (January 25, 1812 – June 1882, Houghton-le-Spring, Tyne and Wear, England [1]) was a British amateur mathematician.
Shanks is famous for his calculation of π to 707 places, accomplished in 1873, which, however, was only correct up to the first 527 places.[2] This error was highlighted in 1944 by D. F. Ferguson (using a mechanical desk calculator).[citation needed]
Shanks earned his living by owning a boarding school at Houghton-le-Spring, which left him enough time to spend on his hobby of calculating mathematical constants. His routine was as follows: he would calculate new digits all morning; and then he would spend all afternoon checking his morning's work. To calculate π, Shanks used Machin's formula:
Shanks' approximation was the longest expansion of π until the advent of the electronic digital computer about one century later.
Shanks also calculated e and the Euler–Mascheroni constant γ to many decimal places. He published a table of primes up to 60 000 and found the natural logarithms of 2, 3, 5 and 10 to 137 places.
Shanks died in Houghton-le-Spring in summer 1882, aged 70, and was buried at the local Hillside Cemetery on June 17th 1882. [3]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ GRO Register of Deaths: JUN 1882 10a 252 HOUGHTON - William Shanks, aged 70
- ^ Smyth, Chris (January 7, 2010). "Pi a mathematical story that would take 49000 years to tell". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/science/article6978433.ece.
- ^ Houghton le Spring Hillside Cemetery
