Wittgenstein's rod
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Not to be confused with Wittgenstein's Poker.
Wittgenstein's rod is a geometry problem attributed to 20th century philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein.
The set-up is as follows: a rod passes through a sleeve, in which it can smoothly slide. The sleeve is tangentially affixed to a wall at its lengthwise center, forming a pivot. One end of the rod is moved in a circle, whose centre is not coincident with the pivot, and whose plane is parallel to the wall. The question of the thought experiment is what shape does the other end of the rod describe?
The seemingly obvious answer is a circle, but in fact it describes an inverted cardioid.
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