Women Surrealists
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Women Surrealists are women artists, photographers, filmmakers and authors of the Surrealist Movement which began in the early 1920s. Many of them were part of, or connected to, the official Surrealist movement. Others were inspired but more distantly connected.
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Painters [edit]
- Eileen Forrester Agar (1899–1991) was born in Argentina and moved to Britain in childhood. She was prominent among British surrealists; Agar made intricate collages and paintings of abstract organic shapes.[1]
- Emmy Bridgwater (1906–1999) was an English artist and poet associated with the Surrealist movement.
- Leonora Carrington (1917–2011) was a British-born Surrealist painter. She met the Surrealist Max Ernst in 1937, and had a painful and complicated relationship with him. Much of her work is autobiographical.[2]
- Leonor Fini (1907–1996), born in Buenos Aires and raised in Trieste, met the Surrealists in 1936 but never officially joined. She paints startling images, often with sphinxes or apparitions.[2]
- Valentine Hugo (1887–1968), was an illustrator and married to Jean Hugo, she participated in the Surrealist movement between 1930 and 1936.
- Kay Sage (1898–1963) began painting surrealist landscapes in the late 1930s, met and married fellow surrealist Yves Tanguy in 1940.[2]
- Dorothea Tanning (1910–2012) was unable to join the Surrealists in Paris in 1940 because of the threat of war; she worked in New York, Arizona, and then Paris after the war. Her work has a rumpled, "juicy" look.[2]
- Toyen (1902–1980), was a Czech painter, draftsperson and illustrator and a member of the Surrealist movement.
- Bridget Bate Tichenor (1917–1990), Born in Paris and of British descent, she later embraced Mexico as her home. Surrealist painter of fantastic art in the school of magic realism and a fashion editor.
- Remedios Varo (1908–1963), a Spaniard who moved to Mexico, was known for her dreamlike paintings of scientific apparatus. She was married to the Surrealist poet Benjamin Peret.[2][3]
- Gertrude Abercrombie (1909–1977) was a Chicago artist inspired by the Surrealists, who became prominent in the 1930s and 1940s. She was also involved with the jazz music scene and was friends with musicians such as Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, and Sarah Vaughan.[4][5]
Sculptors [edit]
- Méret Oppenheim (1913–1985) was a German-Swiss sculptor, famous as one of Man Ray's models. Her most famous sculpture is Object (Breakfast in Fur), a teacup, saucer and spoon completely encased in soft brown fur.[2]
Photographers [edit]
- Claude Cahun (1894–1954) was a French photographer and writer, associated with the surrealist movement.
- Lee Miller (1907–1977) was an American photographer, photojournalist and model.
Fashion [edit]
Although not commonly classed with other fine arts, fashion also produced at least one Surrealist woman artist. Elsa Schiaparelli, (1890–1973) was an Italian fashion designer, a colleague of, friend of, and collaborator with Salvador Dalí and Leonor Fini, among others.[6]
See also [edit]
References [edit]
- ^ Colvile, Georgiana, Scandaleusement d'elles: trente-quatre femmes surréalistes, Jean-Michel Place, Paris, 1999 ISBN 978-2-85893-496-6
- ^ a b c d e f Heller, Nancy G., Women Artists: An Illustrated History, Abbeville Press, Publishers, New York 1987 ISBN 0-89659-748-2
- ^ Kaplan, Janet A. Unexpected Journeys: The Art and Life of Remedios Varo, Abbeville Press, New York 1988 ISBN 0-89659-797-0
- ^ Richard Vine, "Where the Wild Things Were", Art in America, May 1997, pp. 98-111
- ^ Warren, Lynn, Art in Chicago 1945-1995, Thames & Hudson, 1996 ISBN 978-0-500-23728-1
- ^ Martin, Richard, Fashion and Surrealism, Rizzoli International Publications, 1996 ISBN 978-0-8478-1073-4
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