Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Listed here are notable ethnic groups by Y-DNA haplogroups based on relevant studies. The data is presented in two columns for each haplogroup with the first being the sample size (n) and the second the percentage in the haplogroup designated by the column header. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations in the first two columns.

Population Language[1] n[2] R1b[3] n R1a n I n E1b1b n E1b1a n J n G n N n T n L
Abazinians Caucasian (Northwest) 14 &100000000000000000000000[4] 14 &1000000000000001400000014[4] 14 &100000000000000000000000[4] 14 &100000000000000000000000[4] 14 &100000000000000000000000[4] 14 &100000000000000070000007[4][5] 14 &1000000000000002900000029[4] — — — — — —
Abkhaz Caucasian (Northwest) 12 &100000000000000080000008[4] 12 &1000000000000003300000033.0[4] 12 &1000000000000003329999933.3[4] 12 &100000000000000000000000[4] 12 &100000000000000000000000[4] 12 &1000000000000002500000025[4][5] 12 &100000000000000000000000[4] — — — — — —
Albanians IE (Albanian) 51 &1000000000000001760000017.6[6] 51 &100000000000000098000009.8[6] 51 &1000000000000001960000019.6[6] 51 &1000000000000002160000021.6[6] — — 51 &1000000000000002350000023.5[6] 51 &100000000000000020000002.0[6] 51 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 51 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 51 &100000000000000000000000.0[6]
Albanians (Kosovar) IE (Albanian) 114 &1000000000000002110000021.1[7] 114 &100000000000000044000004.4[7] 114 &100000000000000079000007.9[7] 114 &1000000000000004739999947.4[7] — — 114 &1000000000000001669999916.7[7] — — — — — — — —
Albanians (Tirana) IE (Albanian) 30 &1000000000000001330000013.3[8] 30 &1000000000000001330000013.3[8] 30 &1000000000000001669999916.7[8] 30 &1000000000000002330000023.3[8] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 30 &1000000000000002000000020.0[8] 30 &100000000000000032999993.3[8] — — — — — —
Albanians IE (Albanian) 55 &1000000000000001819999918.2[9] 55 &100000000000000090999999.1[9] 55 &1000000000000002180000021.8[9] 55 &1000000000000002550000025.5[9] 55 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 55 &1000000000000002360000023.6[9] 55 &100000000000000018000001.8[9] 55 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 55 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 55 &100000000000000000000000.0[9]
Albanians (Macedonia) IE (Albanian) 64 &1000000000000001880000018.8[9] 64 &100000000000000016000001.6[9] 64 &1000000000000001719999917.2[9] 64 &1000000000000003910000039.1[9] 64 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 64 &1000000000000002189999921.9[9] 64 &100000000000000016000001.6[9] 64 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 64 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 64 &100000000000000000000000.0[9]
Albanians IE (Albanian) — — — — 106 &1000000000000002360000023.6[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Altaians Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 142 &100000000000000091999999.2[11] — — — —
Altaians (Northern) Altaic (Turkic) 50 &100000000000000060000006.0[12] 50 &1000000000000003800000038.0 50 &100000000000000000000000.0 50 &100000000000000000000000.0 — — 50 &100000000000000020000002.0 50 &100000000000000000000000.0 50 &1000000000000001000000010.0 — — — —
Altaians (Southern) Altaic (Turkic) 96 &100000000000000010000001.0[12] 96 &1000000000000005310000053.1 96 &100000000000000021000002.1 96 &100000000000000010000001.0 — — 96 &100000000000000042000004.2 — — 96 &1000000000000001150000011.5 — — — —
Ambalakarar Dravidian (Southern) 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000001380000013.8[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000069000006.9[13] 29 &100000000000000033999993.4[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000002069999920.7[13]
Amhara Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 48 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 48 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 48 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 48 &1000000000000004579999945.8[14] — — 48 &1000000000000003329999933.3[14] 48 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 48 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 48 &100000000000000042000004.2[14] 48 &100000000000000000000000.0[14]
Andalusians IE (Italic) 29 &1000000000000006550000065.5[6] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 103 &100000000000000038999993.9[10] 76 &100000000000000091999999.2[15] — — 93 &100000000000000011000001.1[15] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 29 &100000000000000069000006.9[6] 29 &100000000000000033999993.4[6]
Andis Caucasian (Northeast) 49 &100000000000000060999996.1[16] 49 &100000000000000020000002.0[16] 49 &1000000000000002650000026.5[16] 49 &100000000000000020000002.0[16] — — 49 &1000000000000005510000055.1[16] 49 &100000000000000060999996.1[16] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 49 &100000000000000020000002.0[16] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[16]
Arabs (Algeria) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 35 &1000000000000001300000013.0[17] 35 &100000000000000000000000.0[17] — — 32 &1000000000000005000000050[15] — — 35 &1000000000000003500000035[17] — — — — — — — —
Arabs (Algeria - Oran) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 102 &1000000000000001080000010.8[18] 102 &100000000000000010000001[18] — — 102 &1000000000000005089999950.9[18] 102 &1000000000000001280000012.8[18] 102 &1000000000000002739999927.4[18] — — — — — — — —
Arabs (Bedouin) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[19] 32 &100000000000000094000009.4[19] 32 &100000000000000062999996.3[19] 32 &1000000000000001869999918.7[19] — — 32 &1000000000000006559999965.6[19] — — — — — — 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[19]
Arabs (Egyptians) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 147 &100000000000000040999994.1[20] 147 &100000000000000027000002.7[20] 147 &100000000000000007000000.7[20] 147 &1000000000000003670000036.7[20] 147 &100000000000000027999992.8[20] 147 &1000000000000003200000032.0[20] 147 &100000000000000088000008.8[20] 147 &100000000000000000000000.0[20] 147 &100000000000000081999998.2[20] — —
Arabs (Iraq) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) — — — — — — 218 &100000000000000083000008.3[15] 218 &100000000000000009000000.9[15] 156 &1000000000000005060000050.6[15] — — — — — — — —
Arabs (Israel) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 143 &100000000000000084000008.4[19] 143 &100000000000000013999991.4[19] 143 &100000000000000062999996.3[19] 143 &1000000000000002030000020.3[19] — — 143 &1000000000000005520000055.2[19] — — — — — — 143 &100000000000000000000000.0[19]
Arabs (Morocco) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 44 &100000000000000037999993.8[7] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[7] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[7] 49 &1000000000000008550000085.5[15] — — 49 &100000000000000023999992.4[15] — — — — — — — —
Arabs (Oman) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 121 &100000000000000017000001.7[20] 121 &100000000000000090999999.1[20] 121 &100000000000000000000000.0[20] 121 &1000000000000001569999915.7[20] 121 &100000000000000074000007.4[20] 121 &1000000000000004789999947.9[20] 121 &100000000000000017000001.7[20] — — 121 &100000000000000083000008.3[20] 121 &100000000000000008000000.8[20]
Arabs (Qatar) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 72 &100000000000000013999991.4[21] 72 &100000000000000069000006.9[21] 72 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 72 &100000000000000055999995.6[21] 72 &100000000000000027999992.8[21] 72 &1000000000000006670000066.7[21] 72 &100000000000000027999992.8[21] 72 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 72 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 72 &100000000000000027999992.8[21]
Arabs (Saudi Arabia) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 157 &100000000000000018999991.9[22] 157 &100000000000000050999995.1[22] 157 &100000000000000000000000.0[22] 157 &100000000000000075999997.6[22] 157 &100000000000000075999997.6[22] 157 &1000000000000004000000040.0[22] 157 &100000000000000032000003.2[22] 157 &100000000000000000000000.0[22] 157 &100000000000000050999995.1[22] 157 &100000000000000018999991.9[22]
Arabs (UAE) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 164 &100000000000000042999994.3[21] 164 &100000000000000072999997.3[21] — — 164 &1000000000000001159999911.6[21] 164 &100000000000000055000005.5[21] 164 &1000000000000004510000045.1[21] 164 &100000000000000042999994.3[21] 164 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 164 &100000000000000049000004.9[21] 164 &100000000000000030000003.0[21]
Arabs (Yemen) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 62 &1000000000000001290000012.9[21] 62 &100000000000000032000003.2[21] 62 &1000000000000008229999982.3[21] 62 &100000000000000016000001.6[21] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[21] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[21]
Arabs (Syria) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 20 &1000000000000001500000015.0[6] 20 &1000000000000001000000010.0[6] 20 &100000000000000050000005.0[6] 20 &1000000000000001000000010.0[6] — — 20 &1000000000000003000000030.0[6] 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[6]
Arabs (Lebanon) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 31 &100000000000000064000006.4[6] 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[6] 31 &100000000000000032000003.2[6] 31 &1000000000000002580000025.8[6] — — 31 &1000000000000004520000045.2[6] 31 &100000000000000032000003.2[6] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 31 &100000000000000032000003.2[6]
Arabs (Sudan) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 102 &1000000000000001569999915.7[23] — — 102 &100000000000000038999993.9[23] 102 &1000000000000001669999916.7[23] — — 102 &1000000000000004710000047.1[23] — — — — — — — —
Arabs (Tunisia) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 148 &100000000000000067999996.8[17] 148 &100000000000000000000000.0[17] 148 &100000000000000000000000.0[17] 148 &1000000000000004929999949.3[17] 148 &100000000000000013999991.4[17] 148 &1000000000000003579999935.8[17] — — 148 &100000000000000000000000.0[17] 148 &100000000000000007000000.7[17] 148 &100000000000000000000000.0[17]
Arabs (Libya) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 63 &100000000000000030000003[24] 63 &100000000000000015000001.5[24] 63 &100000000000000015000001.5[24] 63 &1000000000000005200000052.0[24] 63 &100000000000000000000000.0[24] 63 &1000000000000002400000024.0[24] 63 &100000000000000080000008.0[24] — — 63 &100000000000000050000005.0[24] 63 &100000000000000015000001.5[24]
Armenians IE (Armenian) 89 &1000000000000002469999924.7[25] 89 &100000000000000055999995.6[25] 100 &100000000000000050000005.0[4] 89 &100000000000000033999993.4[25] — — 89 &1000000000000002919999929.2[25] 100 &1000000000000001100000011.0[4] 89 &100000000000000033999993.4[25] — — — —
Armenians IE (Armenian) 734 &1000000000000003239999932.4[26] 734 &100000000000000052999995.3[26] — — 734 &100000000000000054000005.4[26] — — — — — — — — — — 734 &100000000000000016000001.6[26]
Aromuns (Dukasi, Albania) IE (Italic) 39 &100000000000000026000002.6[8] 39 &100000000000000026000002.6[8] 39 &1000000000000001789999917.9[8] 39 &1000000000000001789999917.9[8] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 39 &1000000000000004870000048.7[8] 39 &1000000000000001030000010.3[8] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[8]
Aromuns (Andon Poci, Albania) IE (Italic) 19 &1000000000000003679999936.8[8] 19 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 19 &1000000000000004210000042.1[8] 19 &1000000000000001580000015.8[8] 19 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 19 &100000000000000052999995.3[8] 19 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 19 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 19 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 19 &100000000000000000000000.0[8]
Aromuns (Kruševo, Macedonia) IE (Italic) 43 &1000000000000002789999927.9[8] 43 &1000000000000001159999911.6[8] 43 &1000000000000002089999920.9[8] 43 &1000000000000002089999920.9[8] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 43 &1000000000000001159999911.6[8] 43 &100000000000000070000007.0[8] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[8]
Aromuns (Štip, Macedonia) IE (Italic) 65 &1000000000000002310000023.1[8] 65 &1000000000000002150000021.5[8] 65 &1000000000000001689999916.9[8] 65 &1000000000000001850000018.5[8] 65 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 65 &1000000000000002000000020.0[8] 65 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 65 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 65 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 65 &100000000000000000000000.0[8]
Aromuns (Romania) IE (Italic) 42 &1000000000000002380000023.8[8] 42 &100000000000000023999992.4[8] 42 &1000000000000001900000019.0[8] 42 &100000000000000070999997.1[8] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 42 &1000000000000003329999933.3[8] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] — — — — — —
Ashkenazi Jews Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) — — 79 &1000000000000001269999912.7[19] — — 79 &1000000000000002280000022.8[19] — — 79 &1000000000000004300000043.0[19] — — — — — — 79 &100000000000000000000000.0[19]
Ashkenazi Jews Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) — — — — 442 &100000000000000040999994.1[27] 442 &1000000000000001969999919.7[27] 442 &100000000000000002000000.2[27] 442 &1000000000000003800000038.0[27] 442 &100000000000000096999999.7[27] 442 &100000000000000002000000.2[27] — — 442 &100000000000000002000000.2[27]
Austrians IE (Germanic, West) 219 &1000000000000003200000032 219 &1000000000000001400000014 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Avars Caucasian (Northeast) 42 &100000000000000023999992.4[16] 42 &100000000000000023999992.4[16] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 42 &100000000000000070999997.1[16] — — 42 &1000000000000007140000071.4[16] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 42 &100000000000000047999994.8[16] 42 &100000000000000095000009.5[16]
Azerbaijanis Altaic (Turkic) 72 &1000000000000001109999911.1[28] 72 &100000000000000069000006.9[28] — — 97 &100000000000000040999994.1[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Bagvalins Caucasian (Northeast) 28 &1000000000000006790000067.9[16] 28 &100000000000000036000003.6[16] 28 &100000000000000070999997.1[16] 28 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] — — 28 &1000000000000002139999921.4[16] 28 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 28 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 28 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 28 &100000000000000000000000.0[16]
Balkarian Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 39 &100000000000000026000002.6[15] — — 16 &1000000000000002500000025.0[15] — — — — — — — —
Balkarians Altaic (Turkic) 38 &1000000000000001319999913.2[9] 38 &1000000000000001319999913.2[9] 38 &100000000000000026000002.6[9] 38 &100000000000000026000002.6[9] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 38 &1000000000000002369999923.7[9] 38 &1000000000000002889999928.9[9] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 38 &100000000000000052999995.3[9]
Baloch IE (Iranic, NW) 25 &100000000000000080000008.0[13] 25 &1000000000000002800000028.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000080000008.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000001600000016.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000002400000024.0[13]
Bashkirs (Perm) Altaic (Turkic) 43 &1000000000000008600000086.0[30] 43 &100000000000000093000009.3 43 &100000000000000000000000.0 43 &100000000000000000000000.0 43 &100000000000000000000000.0 43 &100000000000000000000000.0 43 &100000000000000022999992.3 43 &100000000000000022999992.3 43 &100000000000000000000000.0 43 &100000000000000000000000.0
Basque (France, Spain) Basque (Basque) 67 &1000000000000008809999988.1[6] 67 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 67 &100000000000000075000007.5[6] 67 &100000000000000022000002.2[6] — — 67 &100000000000000030000003.0[6] 67 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 67 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 67 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 67 &100000000000000000000000.0[6]
German Bavarians (West) IE (Germanic, West) 80 &1000000000000005000000050.0[25] 80 &1000000000000001500000015.0[25] — — 80 &100000000000000080000008.0[25] — — 80 &100000000000000050000005.0[25] — — 80 &100000000000000000000000.0[25] 80 &100000000000000000000000.0[25] — —
Belgians IE (Germanic/Italic) 92 &1000000000000006300000063.0[25] 92 &100000000000000040000004.0[25] — — 92 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Belorussians IE (Slavic, East) 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[25] 41 &1000000000000003900000039.0[25] 147 &1000000000000001900000019.0[10] 41 &1000000000000001000000010.0[25] — — — — — — 41 &100000000000000023999992.4[25] — — — —
Belorussians IE (Slavic, East) 68 &100000000000000044000004.4[31] 68 &1000000000000004560000045.6[31] 68 &1000000000000002500000025.0[31] 68 &100000000000000044000004.4[31] — — — — 68 &100000000000000015000001.5[31] 68 &100000000000000088000008.8[31] — — — —
Belarusians IE (Slavic, East) 306 &100000000000000042000004.2[32] 306 &1000000000000005100000051.0[32] — — 306 &100000000000000045999994.6[32] — — 306 &100000000000000032999993.3[32] — — 306 &100000000000000095000009.5[32] — — — —
Bearnais IE (Italic) — — — — 26 &100000000000000077000007.7[10] 43 &100000000000000037000003.7[15] — — 26 &100000000000000037999993.8[15] — — — — — — — —
Beja Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic?) 42 &100000000000000047999994.8[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 42 &1000000000000005239999952.4[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 42 &1000000000000003810000038.1[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 42 &100000000000000000000000.0[23]
Berbers (Moyen Atlas) Afro-Asiatic (Berber) — — — — — — 69 &1000000000000008709999987.1[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Berbers (Marrakesh) Afro-Asiatic (Berber) — — — — — — 29 &1000000000000009290000092.9[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Berbers (Mozabite) Afro-Asiatic (Berber) — — — — — — 20 &1000000000000008000000080.0[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Berbers (Morocco) Afro-Asiatic (Berber) — — — — — — 64 &1000000000000008820000088.2[15] 64 &100000000000000000000000[15] 103 &100000000000000000000000[15] — — — — — — — —
Berbers (north-central Morocco) Afro-Asiatic (Berber) — — — — — — 63 &1000000000000008879999988.8[15] 63 &100000000000000000000000[15] — — — — — — — — — —
Berbers (southern Morocco) Afro-Asiatic (Berber) — — — — — — 40 &1000000000000008900000089[15] 40 &100000000000000000000000[15] — — — — — — — — — —
Bijagós Niger–Congo (Bak) 21 &100000000000000047999994.8[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 21 &1000000000000001430000014.3[33] 21 &1000000000000007620000076.2[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 21 &100000000000000000000000.0[33]
Borgu (Sudan) Nilo-Saharan (Maban) 26 &1000000000000001150000011.5[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &1000000000000005379999953.8[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[23]
Bosnians IE (Slavic, South) 69 &100000000000000013999991.4[7] 69 &1000000000000002460000024.6[7] 69 &1000000000000004200000042.0[7] 69 &1000000000000001009999910.1[7] — — 69 &100000000000000000000000.0[7] — — — — — — — —
Brahmins (Konkanastha) IE (Indic) 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000004800000048.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000001600000016.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000040000004.0[13]
Brahui Dravidian (Northern) — — 110 &1000000000000003910000039.1[34] — — 110 &100000000000000000000000.0[34] 110 &100000000000000027000002.7[34] 110 &1000000000000002819999928.2[34] — — 110 &100000000000000009000000.9[34] — — 110 &100000000000000072999997.3[34]
Brahui Dravidian (Northern) 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000002400000024.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000002800000028.0[13] 25 &1000000000000001600000016.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000080000008.0[13]
British IE (Germanic, West) 32 &1000000000000006879999968.8[35] 32 &100000000000000094000009.4[35] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Bulgarians IE (Slavic, South) 24 &1000000000000001700000017.0[25] 34 &1000000000000001469999914.7[36] — — 116 &1000000000000002069999920.7[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Burusho Burushaski (isolate) 97 &100000000000000010000001.0[37] 97 &1000000000000002780000027.8[37] 97 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 97 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] — — 97 &100000000000000081999998.2[37] 97 &100000000000000010000001.0[37] 97 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 97 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 97 &1000000000000001650000016.5[37]
Catalans IE (Italic) 24 &1000000000000007920000079.2[6] 24 &100000000000000000000000.0[38] 32 &100000000000000042000004.2[38] 33 &100000000000000060999996.1[15] — — 28 &100000000000000036000003.6[15] 24 &100000000000000080000008.0[38] — — — — — —
Cantabrians (Pasiegos) IE (Italic) — — — — — — 56 &1000000000000004289999942.9[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Chamalins Caucasian (Northeast) 27 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 27 &100000000000000074000007.4[16] 27 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 27 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] — — 27 &1000000000000007040000070.4[16] 27 &1000000000000001850000018.5[16] 27 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 27 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 27 &100000000000000037000003.7[16]
Chechens Caucasian (Northeast) — — 19 &100000000000000050000005.0[4] — — — — — — — — 19 &100000000000000050000005.0[4] — — — — — —
Chuvashes Altaic (Turkic) 79 &100000000000000037999993.8[39] 79 &1000000000000003160000031.6[39] 79 &1000000000000001130000011.3[39] 79 &100000000000000000000000[39] 79 &100000000000000000000000[39] 79 &1000000000000002419999924.2[39] 79 &100000000000000000000000[39] 79 &1000000000000002780000027.8[39] 79 &100000000000000000000000[39] 79 &100000000000000000000000[39]
Copts (Sudan) Afro-Asiatic (Ancient Egyptian) 33 &1000000000000001519999915.2[23] — — — — 33 &1000000000000002119999921.2[23] — — 33 &1000000000000004550000045.5[23] — — — — — — — —
Croats (mainland) IE (Slavic, South) 108 &1000000000000001569999915.7[7] 108 &1000000000000003429999934.3[7] 108 &1000000000000003700000037.0[7][40] 108 &100000000000000055999995.6[7] 108 &100000000000000000000000.0[7] 108 &100000000000000018999991.9[7] 108 &100000000000000009000000.9[7] — — — — — —
Croat (mainland) IE (Slavic, South) — — — — 189 &1000000000000003810000038.1[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Cypriots IE (Greek) 45 &100000000000000090000009.0[25] 45 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — 45 &1000000000000002700000027.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Czechs IE (Slavic, West) — — 257 &1000000000000003420000034.2[41] 257 &1000000000000001830000018.3[41] 257 &100000000000000057999995.8[41] — — 257 &100000000000000047000004.7[41] 257 &100000000000000050999995.1[41] 257 &100000000000000016000001.6[41] — — — —
Czechs and Slovaks IE (Slavic, West) 45 &1000000000000003560000035.6[6] 45 &1000000000000002669999926.7[6] 198 &1000000000000001359999913.6[10] 45 &100000000000000022000002.2[6] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Danes IE (Germanic, North) 12 &1000000000000004170000041.7[35] 12 &1000000000000001669999916.7[35] 194 &1000000000000003870000038.7[10] 35 &100000000000000028999992.9[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Dargins Caucasian (Northeast) 68 &100000000000000028999992.9[16] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] - - - - — — 68 &1000000000000009409999994.1[16] 68 &100000000000000028999992.9[16] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[16]
Dargins Caucasian (Northeast) 26 &100000000000000040000004.0[4] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[4] 26 &1000000000000005800000058.0[4] 26 &100000000000000040000004.0[4] — — 26 &100000000000000040000004.0[4] 26 &100000000000000040000004.0[4] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[4] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[4] 26 &100000000000000000000000.0[4]
Dolgans Altaic (Turkic) 67 &100000000000000015000001.5[39] 67 &1000000000000001639999916.4[39] 67 &100000000000000015000001.5[39] — — — — — — — — 67 &1000000000000003429999934.3[39] — — — —
Druze (Arabs) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) — — — — — — 28 &1000000000000001430000014.3[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Dutch IE (Germanic, West) 27 &1000000000000007040000070.4[6] 27 &100000000000000037000003.7[6] 30 &1000000000000002669999926.7[10] 84 &100000000000000080000008.0[25] — — 34 &100000000000000000000000[15] — — — — — — — —
Egyptians Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 92 &100000000000000054000005.4[42] 92 &100000000000000000000000.0[42] 92 &100000000000000011000001.1[42] 92 &1000000000000004350000043.5[42] 92 &100000000000000032999993.3[42] 92 &1000000000000002280000022.8[42] 92 &100000000000000022000002.2[42] 92 &100000000000000000000000.0[42] 92 &100000000000000075999997.6[42] 92 &100000000000000000000000.0[42]
Egyptians (North) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 43 &100000000000000093000009.3[43] 43 &100000000000000022999992.3[43] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 43 &1000000000000005350000053.5[43] — — 44 &1000000000000001819999918.2[17] 43 &100000000000000070000007.0[43] — — 43 &100000000000000022999992.3[43] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Egyptians (South) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 29 &1000000000000001380000013.8[43] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 29 &100000000000000033999993.4[43] 29 &1000000000000003100000031.0[43] — — 29 &1000000000000002410000024.1[17] 29 &1000000000000001719999917.2[43] — — 29 &1000000000000001030000010.3[43] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
English (Central) IE (Germanic, West) 215 &1000000000000006189999961.9[44] 215 &100000000000000032999993.3[44] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Estonians Uralic (Finnic) 207 &100000000000000090000009.0[25] 118 &1000000000000003729999937.3[45] 210 &1000000000000001860000018.6[10] 207 &100000000000000030000003.0[25] — — 207 &100000000000000010000001.0[25] — — 207 &1000000000000004060000040.6[25] — — — —
Finns Uralic (Finnic) 57 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] 57 &1000000000000001050000010.5[25] — — 57 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — — — — — 57 &1000000000000006320000063.2[25] — — — —
Finns Uralic (Finnic) 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[39] 38 &100000000000000079000007.9[39] 38 &1000000000000002889999928.9[39] — — — — — — — — 38 &1000000000000006320000063.2[39] — — — —
French IE (Italic) 23 &1000000000000005220000052.2[6] 23 &100000000000000000000000[6] 23 &1000000000000001739999917.4[10] 40 &100000000000000080000008.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Frisians IE (Germanic, West) 94 &1000000000000005600000056.0[46] 94 &100000000000000070000007.0[46] 94 &1000000000000002900000029.0[46] 94 &100000000000000020000002.0[46] — — 94 &100000000000000060000006.0[46] — — — — — — — —
German Frisians (West) IE (Germanic, West) 94 &1000000000000005529999955.3[47] 94 &100000000000000074000007.4[47] 94 &1000000000000003400000034.0[47] 94 &100000000000000021000002.1[47] — — 94 &100000000000000013999991.4[47] — — — — — — — —
Fulbe (Guinea-Bissau) Niger–Congo (Senegambian) 59 &100000000000000017000001.7[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 59 &1000000000000001359999913.6[33] 59 &1000000000000007459999974.6[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[33]
Fur Nilo-Saharan (Fur) 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &1000000000000005939999959.4[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000062999996.3[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23]
Gagauz (Kongaz) Altaic (Turkic) 48 &1000000000000001040000010.4[48] 48 &1000000000000001250000012.5[48] 48 &1000000000000003130000031.3[48] 48 &1000000000000001669999916.7[48] — — 48 &100000000000000083000008.3[48] 48 &1000000000000001040000010.4[48] 48 &100000000000000042000004.2[48] 48 &100000000000000062999996.3[48] — —
Gagauz(Etulia) Altaic (Turkic) 41 &1000000000000001459999914.6[48] 41 &1000000000000002680000026.8[48] 41 &1000000000000002439999924.4[48] 41 &100000000000000098000009.8[48] — — 41 &100000000000000072999997.3[48] 41 &1000000000000001710000017.1[48] 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] — —
Germans (West) IE (Germanic, West) 48 &1000000000000004789999947.9[6][35] 48 &100000000000000080999998.1[6][35] 16 &1000000000000003750000037.5[10] 16 &100000000000000062000006.2[6] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Germans (East) IE (East Germanic) -  ? -  ? -  ? -  ? — — — — — — — — — — — —
Germans Berlin IE (Germanic, Berlin) 103 &1000000000000002330000023.3[49] 103 &1000000000000002230000022.3[49] 103 &1000000000000003200000032[49] 103 &100000000000000096999999.7[49] — — — — 103 &100000000000000013000001.3[49] — — — — — —
Caucasian (South) 63 &1000000000000001430000014.3[6] 63 &100000000000000079000007.9[6] 63 &100000000000000000000000.0[6] 64 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — 63 &1000000000000003650000036.5[6] 63 &1000000000000003010000030.1[6] — — 63 &100000000000000016000001.6[6] 63 &100000000000000016000001.6[6]
Georgians Caucasian (South) 66 &100000000000000090999999.1[9] 66 &1000000000000001059999910.6[9] 66 &100000000000000015000001.5[9] 66 &100000000000000030000003.0[9] 66 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 66 &1000000000000003639999936.4[9] 66 &1000000000000003180000031.8[9] 66 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 66 &100000000000000015000001.5[9] 66 &100000000000000015000001.5[9]
Greeks IE (Greek) 77 &1000000000000001169999911.7[37] 77 &1000000000000001559999915.6[37] 77 &1000000000000001950000019.5[37] 77 &1000000000000002080000020.8[37] — — 77 &1000000000000001689999916.9[37] 77 &100000000000000090999999.1[37] 77 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 77 &100000000000000026000002.6[37] — —
Greeks IE (Greek) 118 &1000000000000002280000022.8[6][35] 118 &100000000000000083000008.3[6][35] 261 &1000000000000001380000013.8[10] 84 &1000000000000002380000023.8[15] — — 92 &100000000000000065000006.5[15] — — — — — — — —
Greeks IE (Greek) 171 &1000000000000001350000013.5[50] 171 &1000000000000001109999911.1 171 &1000000000000001580000015.8 171 &1000000000000003160000031.6 — — 171 &1000000000000001989999919.9 171 &100000000000000047000004.7 — — 171 &100000000000000018000001.8 — —
Greeks (Crete) IE (Greek) 193 &1000000000000001700000017.0[50] 193 &100000000000000088000008.8 193 &1000000000000001300000013.0 193 &100000000000000088000008.8 — — 193 &1000000000000003889999938.9 193 &1000000000000001090000010.9 — — 193 &100000000000000021000002.1 — —
Greeks (Peloponnese) IE (Greek) — — — — — — 36 &1000000000000004700000047[15] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Greeks (Thrace) IE (Greek) 41 &1000000000000001219999912.2[8] 41 &1000000000000002200000022.0[8] 41 &1000000000000001950000019.5[8] 41 &1000000000000001950000019.5[8] 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 41 &1000000000000001950000019.5[8] 41 &100000000000000049000004.9[8] — — — — — —
Greeks (North) IE (Greek) 96 &1000000000000001459999914.6[43] 96 &1000000000000001880000018.8[43] 96 &1000000000000001250000012.5[43] 96 &1000000000000003539999935.4[43] — — — — 96 &100000000000000052000005.2[43] — — 96 &100000000000000021000002.1[43] 96 &100000000000000010000001.0[43]
Greeks (South) IE (Greek) 46 &1000000000000001960000019.6[43] 46 &100000000000000022000002.2[43] 46 &1000000000000002389999923.9[43] 46 &1000000000000004350000043.5[43] — — — — 46 &100000000000000065000006.5[43] — — 46 &100000000000000022000002.2[43] 46 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Hausa (Sudan) Afro-Asiatic (Chadic) 32 &1000000000000004060000040.6[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000031000003.1[23] 32 &1000000000000001250000012.5[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23]
Herero Niger–Congo (Bantu, Central) 24 &1000000000000001250000012.5[42] 24 &100000000000000042000004.2[42] 24 &100000000000000042000004.2[42] 24 &100000000000000000000000.0[42] 24 &1000000000000007079999970.8[42] 24 &100000000000000042000004.2[42] 24 &100000000000000000000000.0[42] 24 &100000000000000000000000.0[42] 24 &100000000000000000000000.0[42] 24 &100000000000000000000000.0[42]
Herzegovinians IE (Slavic, South) 141 &100000000000000036000003.6[7] 141 &1000000000000001209999912.1[7] 141 &1000000000000006379999963.8[7] 141 &100000000000000085000008.5[7] — — 141 &100000000000000007000000.7[7] — — — — — — — —
Hui (Ningxia) Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic) 54 &100000000000000037000003.7[51] 54 &1000000000000001109999911.1[51] — — 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[51] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[51] 54 &100000000000000093000009.3[51] — — 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[51] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[51] 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[51]
Hungarians Uralic (Ugric) 45 &1000000000000001330000013.3[6] 113 &1000000000000002039999920.4[39] 162 &1000000000000002280000022.8[10] 53 &100000000000000094000009.4[15] — — 49 &100000000000000020000002.0[15] 103 &100000000000000080000008.0[52] 103 &100000000000000010000001.0 — — — —
Icelanders IE (Germanic, North) 181 &1000000000000004139999941.4[35] 181 &1000000000000002380000023.8[35] 181 &1000000000000003420000034.2[35] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Ingush Caucasian (Northeast) — — — — — — — — — — — — 27 &100000000000000050000005.0[4] — — — — — —
Iranians (North Iran) IE (Iranic, West) 33 &1000000000000001519999915.2[53] 33 &100000000000000060999996.1[53] 33 &100000000000000000000000.0[53] 33 &100000000000000000000000.0[53] 33 &100000000000000000000000.0[53] 33 &1000000000000003329999933.3[53] 33 &1000000000000001519999915.2[53] 33 &100000000000000060999996.1[53] 33 &100000000000000000000000.0[53] 33 &100000000000000030000003.0[53]
Iranians (South Iran) IE (Iranic, West) 117 &100000000000000060000006.0[53] 117 &1000000000000001619999916.2[53] 117 &100000000000000000000000.0[53] 117 &100000000000000050999995.1[53] 117 &100000000000000017000001.7[53] 117 &1000000000000003500000035.0[53] 117 &1000000000000001280000012.8[53] 117 &100000000000000009000000.9[53] 117 &100000000000000033999993.4[53] 117 &100000000000000060000006.0[53]
Irish IE (Celtic) 222 &1000000000000008150000081.5[35] 222 &100000000000000005000000.5[35] — — 257 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Italians IE (Italic) 50 &1000000000000006200000062.0[38] 332 &100000000000000027000002.7[35] 50 &100000000000000080000008.0[38] 99 &1000000000000001300000013.0[25] — — — — 50 &1000000000000001000000010.0[38] — — — — — —
Italians (Calabria) IE (Italic) 37 &1000000000000003239999932.4[6] — — 148 &100000000000000054000005.4[10] 80 &1000000000000001630000016.3[7] — — 57 &100000000000000018000001.8[15] — — — — — — — —
Italians (Apulia) IE (Italic) — — — — 78 &100000000000000026000002.6[10] 86 &1000000000000001390000013.9[15] — — 86 &1000000000000003139999931.4[15] — — — — — — — —
Italians (Sardinia) IE (Italic) 77 &1000000000000002210000022.1[6] — — 142 &1000000000000004229999942.3[10] 139 &100000000000000050000005.0[15] — — 144 &1000000000000001250000012.5[15] — — — — — — — —
Italians (Northern Sardinia) IE (Italic) 86 &1000000000000002000000020.0[43] 86 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 86 &1000000000000002800000028.0[43] 86 &1000000000000001300000013.0[43] — — — — 86 &1000000000000002100000021.0[43] — — 86 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 86 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Italians (Southern Sardinia) IE (Italic) 187 &1000000000000001900000019.0[43] 187 &100000000000000010000001.0[43] 187 &1000000000000003500000035.0[43] 187 &1000000000000001100000011.0[43] — — — — 187 &1000000000000001400000014.0[43] — — 187 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 187 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Italians (North-central) IE (Italic) 50 &1000000000000006200000062.0[6] — — 390 &100000000000000005000000.5[10] 212 &1000000000000001040000010.4[7] — — 52 &1000000000000002689999926.9[15] — — — — — — — —
Italians (South) IE (Italic) 68 &1000000000000002000000020.0[43] 68 &100000000000000030000003.0[43] 68 &100000000000000060000006.0[43] 68 &1000000000000002600000026.0[43] — — — — 68 &1000000000000001500000015.0[43] — — 68 &100000000000000030000003.0[43] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Italians (Sicily) IE (Italic) — — — — 51 &100000000000000088000008.8 55 &1000000000000002730000027.3[15] — — 42 &1000000000000002380000023.8[15] — — — — — — — —
Italians (East Sicily) IE (Italic) 87 &1000000000000002000000020.0[43] 87 &100000000000000022999992.3[43] 87 &100000000000000050000005.0[43] 87 &1000000000000002900000029.0[43] — — — — 87 &100000000000000050000005.0[43] — — 87 &100000000000000050000005.0[43] 87 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Italians (West Sicily) IE (Italic) 125 &1000000000000002700000027.0[43] 125 &100000000000000023999992.4[43] 125 &1000000000000001100000011.0[43] 125 &1000000000000001900000019.0[43] — — — — 125 &1000000000000001300000013.0[43] — — 125 &100000000000000030000003.0[43] 125 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Iyengar Dravidian (Southern) 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 30 &1000000000000003000000030.0[13] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 30 &1000000000000002000000020.0[13] 30 &1000000000000001330000013.3[13] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 30 &1000000000000001669999916.7[13]
Iyer Dravidian (Southern) 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000002760000027.6[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000001719999917.2[13] 29 &1000000000000001030000010.3[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000001719999917.2[13]
Kabardinian Caucasian (Northwest) — — — — — — — — — — — — — &1000000000000002900000029.0[4] — — — — — —
Kalash (Pakistan) IE (Dardic) — — 44 &1000000000000001819999918.2[37] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] — — 44 &100000000000000090999999.1[37] 44 &1000000000000001819999918.2[37] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 44 &1000000000000002500000025.0[37]
Karakalpaks Altaic (Turkic) 44 &100000000000000090999999.1[54] 44 &1000000000000001819999918.2[54] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 44 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — — — — — — — — — — 44 &100000000000000045000004.5[54]
Kazakhs Altaic (Turkic) 54 &100000000000000055999995.6[54] 54 &100000000000000037000003.7[54] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — — 38 &100000000000000000000000.0 — — 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[54] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — —
Khants Uralic (Ugric) 47 &1000000000000001910000019.1[39] 47 &100000000000000042999994.3[39] 47 &100000000000000000000000.0[39] — — — — — — — — 47 &1000000000000007659999976.6[39] — — — —
Komi Uralic (Finnic) 94 &1000000000000001600000016.0[39] 94 &1000000000000003300000033.0 94 &100000000000000052999995.3 — — — — — — — — 94 &1000000000000003510000035.1 — — — —
Komi (Izhemsky) Uralic (Finnic) 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 54 &1000000000000002960000029.6[55] 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[55] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 54 &1000000000000006850000068.5[55] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[55]
Komi (Priluzsky) Uralic (Finnic) 49 &100000000000000020000002.0[55] 49 &1000000000000003270000032.7[55] 49 &100000000000000040999994.1[55] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 49 &1000000000000006120000061.2[55] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[55] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[55]
Kumyks Altaic (Turkic) 76 &1000000000000001969999919.7[16] 76 &1000000000000001319999913.2[16] 76 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 76 &100000000000000026000002.6[16] — — 76 &1000000000000004610000046.1[16] 76 &1000000000000001180000011.8[16] 76 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 76 &100000000000000013000001.3[16] 76 &100000000000000000000000.0[16]
Kurds (Muslim)(Northern Iraq) IE (Iranic, NW) 95 &1000000000000001680000016.8[19] 95 &1000000000000001159999911.6[19] 95 &1000000000000001680000016.8[19] 95 &100000000000000074000007.4[19] - — 95 &1000000000000004000000040.0[19] — — — — 95 &100000000000000042000004.2[19] 95 &100000000000000032000003.2[19]
Kurds(Turkey) IE (Iranic, NW) — &100000000000000080000008.0[56] — &1000000000000001950000019.5[56] — &1000000000000002500000025.0[56] — &100000000000000025000002.5[56] — — — &100000000000000070000007.0[56] — &1000000000000001250000012.5[56] — — — &100000000000000065000006.5[56] — —
Kyrgyz Altaic (Turkic) 52 &100000000000000018999991.9[54] 52 &1000000000000006350000063.5[54] 52 &100000000000000018999991.9[54] 52 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — — 41 &100000000000000049000004.9 — — 41 &100000000000000023999992.4 — — 52 &100000000000000000000000.0[54]
Lezgins Caucasian (Northeast) 31 &1000000000000001610000016.1[16] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[16] 31 &100000000000000065000006.5[16] — — 31 &1000000000000005810000058.1[16] 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[16] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[16]
Lithuanians IE (Baltic) 38 &100000000000000050000005.0[25] 114 &1000000000000003600000036.0[45] — — 114 &100000000000000009000000.9[45] — — — — — — 114 &1000000000000004300000043.0[45] — — — —
Latvians IE (Baltic) 34 &1000000000000001500000015.0[25] 114 &1000000000000003950000039.5[25] 86 &100000000000000070000007.0[10] 114 &100000000000000009000000.9[45] — — — — — — 114 &1000000000000004210000042.1[45] — — — —
ethnic Macedonians IE (Slavic, South) 79 &100000000000000050999995.1[7] 79 &1000000000000001519999915.2[7] 79 &1000000000000003420000034.2[7] 79 &1000000000000002410000024.1[7] — — 79 &1000000000000001269999912.7[6][7][15] 79 &100000000000000050999995.1[7] — — — — — —
Macedonians (Skopje) IE (Slavic, South) 52 &1000000000000001350000013.5[8] 52 &1000000000000001350000013.5[8] 52 &1000000000000002880000028.8[8] 52 &1000000000000002310000023.1[8] — — 52 &1000000000000001150000011.5[8] 52 &100000000000000037999993.8[8] — — — — — —
Macedonian Romani IE (Indic) 57 &100000000000000018000001.8[7] 57 &100000000000000018000001.8[7] 57 &100000000000000035000003.5[7] 57 &1000000000000002980000029.8[7] — — 57 &100000000000000018000001.8[7] — — — — — — — —
Maltese Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) 187 &1000000000000002200000022.0[43] 187 &100000000000000050000005.0[43] 187 &100000000000000090000009.0[43] 187 &100000000000000060000006.0[43] — — — — 187 &100000000000000090000009.0[43] — — 187 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 187 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Mandenka (Guinea-Bissau) Niger–Congo? (Mande) 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000044000004.4[33] 45 &1000000000000008670000086.7[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33] 45 &100000000000000000000000.0[33]
Maratha IE (Indic) 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 20 &1000000000000001000000010.0[13] — — 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 20 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 20 &1000000000000001500000015.0[13] — — — — — — 20 &1000000000000001500000015.0[13]
Moldavians (Karahasani) IE (Italic) 72 &1000000000000001669999916.7[48] 72 &1000000000000003470000034.7[48] 72 &1000000000000002500000025.0[48] 72 &1000000000000001250000012.5[48] — — 72 &100000000000000096999999.7[48] 72 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] 72 &100000000000000013999991.4[48] 72 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] — —
Moldavians (Sofia) IE (Italic) 54 &1000000000000001669999916.7[48] 54 &1000000000000002039999920.4[48] 54 &1000000000000003520000035.2[48] 54 &1000000000000001300000013.0[48] — — 54 &100000000000000055999995.6[48] 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[48] 54 &100000000000000037000003.7[48] 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[48] — —
Mordvins (Erzya) Uralic (Finnic) — — 46 &1000000000000003910000039.1[36] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mordvins (Moksha) Uralic (Finnic) — — 46 &1000000000000002169999921.7[36] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Mordvins[clarification needed] Uralic (Finnic) 83 &1000000000000001330000013.3[39] 83 &1000000000000002650000026.5 83 &1000000000000001930000019.3 — — — — — — — — 83 &1000000000000001930000019.3 — — — —
Mari Uralic (Finnic) 111 &100000000000000027000002.7[39] 111 &1000000000000004770000047.7 111 &100000000000000080999998.1 — — — — — — — — 111 &1000000000000004139999941.4 — — — —
Mari Uralic (Finnic) 48 &1000000000000001040000010.4[25] 48 &1000000000000002919999929.2 — — 48 &100000000000000000000000.0 — — 48 &100000000000000062999996.3 — — 48 &1000000000000005000000050.0 — — — —
Masalit Nilo-Saharan (Maban) 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &1000000000000007190000071.9[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000062999996.3[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 32 &100000000000000000000000.0[23]
Mongolians Altaic (Mongolic) — — 65 &100000000000000091999999.2[57] 149 &100000000000000000000000.0[58] — — — — 149 &100000000000000027000002.7[58] 149 &100000000000000007000000.7[58] 149 &100000000000000080999998.1[58] 149 &100000000000000000000000.0[58] 149 &100000000000000000000000.0[58]
Norwegians IE (Germanic, North) 112 &1000000000000002589999925.9[35] 112 &1000000000000001789999917.9[35] 72 &1000000000000004029999940.3[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Norwegians IE (Germanic, North) — — 52 &1000000000000003080000030.8[25] — — 52 &100000000000000018999991.9[25] — — 52 &100000000000000018999991.9[25] — — 52 &100000000000000037999993.8[25] 52 &100000000000000000000000.0[25] 52 &100000000000000000000000.0[25]
Nubians (Sudan) Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Sudanic) 39 &1000000000000001030000010.3[23] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 39 &100000000000000050999995.1[23] 39 &1000000000000002310000023.1[23] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 39 &1000000000000004360000043.6[23] — — 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[23] 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[23]
Orcadians IE (Germanic, West) 71 &1000000000000006600000066.0[46] 71 &1000000000000001969999919.7[46] — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Oromo Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic) 78 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 78 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 78 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 78 &1000000000000007950000079.5[14] — — 78 &100000000000000037999993.8[14] 78 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 78 &100000000000000000000000.0[14] 78 &100000000000000050999995.1[14] 78 &100000000000000000000000.0[14]
Ossetians IE (Iranic, NE) 47 &1000000000000004260000042.6[25] 47 &100000000000000021000002.1[25] — — 47 &100000000000000060000006.0[25] — — 47 &1000000000000003400000034.0[25] &1000000000000006000000060.0[59] — — — — — —
Pallan Dravidian (Southern) 29 &100000000000000033999993.4[13] 29 &1000000000000002410000024.1[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000001380000013.8[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000001719999917.2[13]
Pashtuns IE (Iranic, SE) 96 &100000000000000042000004.2[37] 96 &1000000000000004479999944.8[37] 96 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 96 &100000000000000021000002.1[37] — — 96 &100000000000000062999996.3[37] 96 &1000000000000001150000011.5[37] 96 &100000000000000000000000.0[37] 96 &100000000000000010000001.0[37] 96 &1000000000000001250000012.5[37]
Poles IE (Slavic, West) 55 &1000000000000001639999916.4[6] 55 &1000000000000005639999956.4[6] 191 &1000000000000001780000017.8[10] 99 &100000000000000040000004.0[15] — — 97 &100000000000000010000001.0[15] — — — — — — — —
Poles IE (Slavic, West) 93 &1000000000000001340000013.4[39] 93 &1000000000000005589999955.9[39] 93 &1000000000000001610000016.1[39] — — — — — — — — 93 &100000000000000032000003.2[39] — — — —
Portuguese IE (Italic) — — — — 303 &100000000000000052999995.3[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Portuguese (South) IE (Italic) 57 &1000000000000005600000056.0[25] 57 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — 57 &1000000000000001700000017.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Portuguese (North) IE (Italic) 328 &1000000000000006200000062.0[25] 328 &100000000000000000000000[25] — — 328 &1000000000000001100000011.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Rajputs IE (Indic) 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000003100000031.0[13] — — 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 29 &1000000000000001719999917.2[13] — — — — — — 29 &100000000000000069000006.9[13]
Romanians IE (Italic) 54 &1000000000000001300000013.0[48] 54 &1000000000000002039999920.4[48] 54 &1000000000000004810000048.1[48] 54 &100000000000000074000007.4[48] — — 54 &100000000000000055999995.6[48] 54 &100000000000000055999995.6[48] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] — —
Romanians IE (Italic) — — — — 361 &1000000000000002219999922.2[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Romanians (Constanţa) IE (Italic) 31 &1000000000000001610000016.1[8] 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[8] 31 &1000000000000004189999941.9[8] 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[8] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 31 &100000000000000065000006.5[8] 31 &1000000000000001290000012.9[8] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[8]
Romanians (Ploieşti) IE (Italic) 36 &100000000000000083000008.3[8] 36 &100000000000000055999995.6[8] 36 &1000000000000003889999938.9[8] 36 &1000000000000001669999916.7[8] 36 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 36 &1000000000000001939999919.4[8] 36 &100000000000000083000008.3[8] 36 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 36 &100000000000000000000000.0[8] 36 &100000000000000000000000.0[8]
Russians IE (Slavic, East) 122 &100000000000000065999996.6[25] 122 &1000000000000004670000046.7[25] — — 122 &100000000000000065999996.6[25] — — 122 &100000000000000040999994.1[25] — — 122 &1000000000000001800000018.0[25] — — — —
Russians IE (Slavic, East) 61 &1000000000000002130000021.3[39] 61 &1000000000000004260000042.6[39] 61 &1000000000000001309999913.1[39] — — — — — — — — 61 &1000000000000001639999916.4[39] — — — —
Russians (Northern)(Arkhangelsk region , Pinega) IE (Slavic, East) 114 &1000000000000001400000014.0[60] 114 &1000000000000004000000040.0[60] 114 &100000000000000052999995.3[60] 114 &100000000000000000000000.0[60] 114 &100000000000000000000000.0[60] 114 &100000000000000009000000.9[60] 114 &100000000000000013000001.3[60] 114 &1000000000000003929999939.3[60] 114 &100000000000000000000000.0[60] 114 &100000000000000000000000.0[60]
Russians (Central) IE (Slavic, East) 364 &100000000000000077000007.7[60] 364 &1000000000000004700000047.0[60] 364 &1000000000000001650000016.5[60] 364 &100000000000000052000005.2[60] 364 &100000000000000000000000.0[60] 364 &100000000000000032999993.3[60] 364 &100000000000000000000000.0[60] 364 &1000000000000001600000016.0[60] 364 &100000000000000008000000.8[60] — —
Russians (Southerns) IE (Slavic, East) 484 &100000000000000047999994.8[60] 484 &1000000000000005689999956.9[60] 484 &1000000000000002100000021.0[60] 484 &100000000000000018000001.8[60] 484 &100000000000000000000000.0[60] 484 &100000000000000035000003.5[60] 484 &100000000000000010000001.0[60] 484 &1000000000000001000000010.0[60] — — — —
Russians (Adygea) IE (Slavic, East) — — — — 78 &1000000000000002439999924.4[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Russians (Bashkortostan) IE (Slavic, East) — — — — 50 &100000000000000060000006.0[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Russians (Belgorod region) IE (Slavic, East) 143 &100000000000000027999992.8[61] 143 &1000000000000005939999959.4[61] 144 &1000000000000001669999916.7[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Russians (Cossacks) IE (Slavic, East) — — — — 97 &1000000000000002269999922.7[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Russians (Kostroma region) IE (Slavic, East) — — — — 53 &1000000000000001889999918.9[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Russians (Smolensk region) IE (Slavic, East) — — — — 120 &1000000000000001080000010.8[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Sami (Sweden) Uralic (Finnic) 38 &100000000000000079000007.9[62] 38 &1000000000000001580000015.8[62] 38 &1000000000000003160000031.6[62] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[62] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[62] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[62] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[62] 38 &1000000000000004470000044.7[62] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[62] 38 &100000000000000000000000.0[62]
Sami Uralic (Finnic) 127 &100000000000000038999993.9[39] 127 &1000000000000001100000011.0[39] 35 &1000000000000003139999931.4[10] — — — — &1000000000000001400000014[63] — — — 127 &1000000000000004720000047.2[39] — — — —
Saharawish (Morocco) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) — — — — — — 29 &1000000000000007929999979.3[15] 29 &100000000000000033999993.4[15] 29 &1000000000000001719999917.2[15] — — — — — — — —
Scots IE (Celtic) 61 &1000000000000007709999977.1[35] 61 &100000000000000065999996.6[35] 178 &1000000000000001119999911.2[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Serbs IE (Slavic, South) 113 &1000000000000001059999910.6[7] 113 &1000000000000001590000015.9[7] 113 &1000000000000003629999936.3[7] 113 &1000000000000002119999921.2[7] — — 113 &100000000000000080000008[7] — — — — — — — —
Serbs (Bosnia) IE (Slavic, South) 81 &100000000000000062000006.2[9] 81 &1000000000000001359999913.6[9] 81 &1000000000000004070000040.7[9] 81 &1000000000000002219999922.2[9] 81 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 81 &100000000000000099000009.9[9] 81 &100000000000000011999991.2[9] 81 &100000000000000062000006.2[9] 81 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 81 &100000000000000000000000.0[9]
Slovenians IE (Slavic, South) 75 &1000000000000002130000021.3[9] 75 &1000000000000003870000038.7[9] 75 &1000000000000003069999930.7[9] 75 &100000000000000027000002.7[9] 75 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 75 &100000000000000040000004.0[9] 75 &100000000000000027000002.7[9] 75 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 75 &100000000000000000000000.0[9] 75 &100000000000000000000000.0[9]
Slovenian IE (Slavic, South) — — 70 &1000000000000003710000037.1[25] — — 70 &100000000000000070999997.1[25] — — 70 &100000000000000057000005.7[25] — — 70 &100000000000000000000000.0[25] 70 &100000000000000000000000.0[25] 70 &100000000000000000000000.0[25]
Slovenian IE (Slavic, South) — — — — 55 &1000000000000003820000038.2[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Somalis Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic) 201 &100000000000000000000000.0[64] 201 &100000000000000010000001.0[64] 201 &100000000000000000000000.0[64] 201 &1000000000000008109999981.1[64] 201 &100000000000000015000001.5[64] 201 &100000000000000030000003.0[64] 201 &100000000000000005000000.5[64] 201 &100000000000000000000000.0[64] 201 &1000000000000001040000010.4[64] 201 &100000000000000000000000.0[64]
Spanish IE (Italic) 126 &1000000000000006800000068.0[25] 126 &100000000000000020000002.0[25] — — 126 &1000000000000001000000010.0[25] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Spanish (Ibiza) IE (Italic) 54 &1000000000000005739999957.4[43] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 54 &100000000000000018999991.9[43] 54 &100000000000000074000007.4[43] — — — — 54 &1000000000000001300000013.0[43] — — 54 &1000000000000001669999916.7[43] 54 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Spanish (Majorca) IE (Italic) 62 &1000000000000006609999966.1[43] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 62 &100000000000000080999998.1[43] 62 &100000000000000062000006.2[43] — — — — 62 &100000000000000062000006.2[43] — — 62 &100000000000000016000001.6[43] 62 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Spanish (Minorca) IE (Italic) 37 &1000000000000007300000073.0[43] 37 &100000000000000027000002.7[43] 37 &100000000000000027000002.7[43] 37 &1000000000000001889999918.9[43] — — — — 37 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] — — 37 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 37 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Spanish (South) IE (Italic) 162 &1000000000000006500000065.0[43] 162 &100000000000000020000002.0[43] 162 &100000000000000060000006.0[43] 162 &100000000000000090000009.0[43] — — — — 162 &100000000000000040000004.0[43] — — 162 &100000000000000000000000.0[43] 162 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Spanish (Valencia) IE (Italic) 73 &1000000000000006400000064.0[43] 73 &100000000000000030000003.0[43] 73 &1000000000000001000000010.0[43] 73 &1000000000000001100000011.0[43] — — — — 73 &100000000000000010000001.0[43] — — 73 &100000000000000010000001.0[43] 73 &100000000000000000000000.0[43]
Swedes (Northern) IE (Germanic, North) 48 &1000000000000002289999922.9[25] 48 &1000000000000001880000018.8[25] 57 &1000000000000002630000026.3[10] 48 &100000000000000021000002.1[25] — — 48 &100000000000000021000002.1[25] — — 48 &100000000000000083000008.3[25] — — — —
Swedes IE (Germanic, North) 110 &1000000000000002000000020.0[35] 110 &1000000000000001730000017.3[35] 225 &1000000000000004000000040[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Swedes IE (Germanic, North) 160 &1000000000000001309999913.1[65] 160 &1000000000000002439999924.4[65] 160 &1000000000000003750000037.5[65] 160 &100000000000000013000001.3[65] — — 160 &100000000000000000000000.0[65] — — 160 &1000000000000001440000014.4[65] — — — —
Swiss IE (German/Italic) — — — — 144 &100000000000000075999997.6[10] — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Tabassarans Caucasian (Northeast) 43 &1000000000000003950000039.5[16] 43 &100000000000000022999992.3[16] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] — — 43 &1000000000000005120000051.2[16] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[16] 43 &100000000000000000000000.0[16]
Tatars Altaic (Turkic) 126 &100000000000000086999998.7[39] 126 &1000000000000003410000034.1[39] 126 &100000000000000040000004.0 — — — — — — — — 126 &1000000000000002300000023.0 — — — —
Turkmens Altaic (Turkic) 30 &1000000000000003670000036.7[54] 30 &100000000000000067000006.7[54] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — — 21 &1000000000000002380000023.8 — — 21 &100000000000000095000009.5 — — 30 &100000000000000000000000.0[54]
Turks Altaic (Turkic) 523 &1000000000000001610000016.1[66] 523 &100000000000000069000006.9[66] 741 &100000000000000050999995.1[10] 523 &1000000000000001130000011.3[66] — — 523 &1000000000000003350000033.5[66] 523 &1000000000000001090000010.9[66] 523 &100000000000000037999993.8[66] 523 &100000000000000025000002.5[66] 523 &100000000000000042000004.2[66]
Turks Altaic (Turkic) 167 &1000000000000002039999920.4[25] 167 &100000000000000047999994.8[25] — — 167 &1000000000000001019999910.2[25] — — 167 &1000000000000003289999932.9[25] — — 167 &100000000000000023999992.4[25] — — — —
Turks Altaic (Turkic) 59 &1000000000000002030000020.3[64] 59 &1000000000000001190000011.9[64] 59 &100000000000000067999996.8[64] 59 &1000000000000001359999913.6[64] — — 59 &1000000000000003050000030.5[64] 59 &100000000000000085000008.5[64] — — 59 &100000000000000017000001.7[64] 59 &100000000000000000000000.0[64]
Turks (Central Anatolia) Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 61 &100000000000000065999996.6[7] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Turks (Istanbul) Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 46 &1000000000000001300000013.0[15] — — 73 &1000000000000002469999924.7[15] — — — — — — — —
Turks (Konya) Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 117 &1000000000000001450000014.5[15] — — 129 &1000000000000003180000031.8[15] — — — — — — — —
Turks (Cypriot) Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 46 &1000000000000001300000013.0[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Turks (Southeastern) Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 24 &100000000000000042000004.2[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Turks (Erzurum) Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — 25 &100000000000000040000004.0[29] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Udmurt Uralic (Finnic) 87 &100000000000000022999992.3[39] 87 &1000000000000001030000010.3[39] 87 &100000000000000011000001.1[39] — — — — — — — — 87 &1000000000000008509999985.1[39] — — — —
Ukrainians IE (Slavic, East) 50 &100000000000000020000002.0[6] 50 &1000000000000005400000054.0[6] 50 &1000000000000001800000018.0[6] 50 &100000000000000040000004.0[6] — — 50 &100000000000000060000006.0[6] 50 &100000000000000040000004.0[6] 50 &100000000000000060000006.0[6] 50 &100000000000000020000002.0[6] 50 &100000000000000000000000.0[6]
Ukrainians IE (Slavic, East) 53 &1000000000000001889999918.9[48] 53 &1000000000000004150000041.5[48] 53 &1000000000000002450000024.5[48] 93 &100000000000000075000007.5[7] — — 53 &100000000000000094000009.4[48] 53 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] 53 &100000000000000057000005.7[48] 53 &100000000000000000000000.0[48] — —
Uyghurs (Kazakhstan) Altaic (Turkic) 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 41 &1000000000000002200000022.0[54] 41 &100000000000000023999992.4[54] 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 33 &1000000000000002730000027.3[67] — — 41 &100000000000000023999992.4[54] 41 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 41 &100000000000000023999992.4[54]
Uyghurs (Xinjiang) Altaic (Turkic) 68 &1000000000000001760000017.6[51] 68 &1000000000000002210000022.1[51] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[51] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[51] 68 &100000000000000000000000.0[51] 68 &1000000000000001030000010.3[51] 68 &100000000000000044000004.4[51] 67 &100000000000000060000006.0[58] 67 &100000000000000000000000.0[58] 68 &100000000000000044000004.4[51]
Uyghurs (Urumqi) Altaic (Turkic) 49 &100000000000000081999998.2[68] 49 &1000000000000002860000028.6[68] — — 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[68] 49 &100000000000000000000000.0[68] 49 &1000000000000001839999918.4[68] — — — — — — — —
Uyghurs (Urumqi) Altaic (Turkic) 31 &1000000000000001939999919.4[57] 31 &1000000000000002260000022.6[57] — — 31 &100000000000000065000006.5[57] — — 31 &1000000000000002580000025.8[57] — — 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[57] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[57] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[57]
Uyghurs (Yili) Altaic (Turkic) 39 &1000000000000001540000015.4[57] 39 &1000000000000001540000015.4[57] — — 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[57] — — 39 &100000000000000000000000.0[57] — — 39 &100000000000000077000007.7[57] — — — —
Uzbeks Altaic (Turkic) 366 &100000000000000098000009.8[54] 366 &1000000000000002510000025.1[54] 366 &100000000000000022000002.2[54] 366 &100000000000000025000002.5[54] — — 28 &1000000000000002139999921.4[67] — — 28 &100000000000000000000000.0[67] — — 366 &100000000000000030000003.0[54]
Vanniyar Dravidian (Southern) 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000080000008.0[13] — — 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 25 &1000000000000001600000016.0[13] — — — — — — 25 &1000000000000002000000020.0[13]
Vellalar Dravidian (Southern) 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &1000000000000001290000012.9[13] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &1000000000000003870000038.7[13] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[13] 31 &1000000000000001610000016.1[13]
Welsh (Anglesey) IE (Celtic) 88 &1000000000000008900000089.0[46] 88 &100000000000000010000001.0[46] 196 &100000000000000080999998.1[10] 88 &100000000000000030000003.0[46] — — — — — — — — — — — —
Yagnobis IE (Iranic, NE) 31 &1000000000000003229999932.3[54] 31 &1000000000000001610000016.1[54] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — — 31 &1000000000000003229999932.3[54] 31 &100000000000000000000000.0[54] — — — — 31 &100000000000000096999999.7[54]
Yakuts Altaic (Turkic) 155 &100000000000000018999991.9[39] 155 &100000000000000018999991.9[39] 155 &100000000000000013000001.3[39] — — — — — — — — 155 &1000000000000008840000088.4[39] — — — —
Yakuts Altaic (Turkic) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 10 &1000000000000008000000080.0[11] — — — —
Yorubas Niger–Congo (West) 21 &100000000000000047999994.8[69] - - - - - - 28 &1000000000000009309999993.1[70] - - - - - - - - - -
Population Language[1] n[2] R1b[3] n R1a n I n E1b1b n E1b1a n J n G n N n T n L
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

The tree below shows the descent of the major Y Chromosomal groups from the so-called Y-Chromosomal Adam.


Evolutionary tree of Human Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups
most recent common Y-ancestor
A
A1b A1a-T
A1a A2-T
A2 A3 BT
B CT
DE CF
D E C F
G H IJK
IJ K
I J LT K(xLT)
L T M NO P S
O N Q R

Y-DNA by populations · Famous Y-DNA haplotypes

[edit] See also

Portal icon Evolutionary biology portal

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b IE = Indo-European
  2. ^ a b First column gives the amount of total Sample Size studied
  3. ^ a b Second column gives the Percentage of the particular haplogroup among the Sample Size
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Nasidze et al., (2004)Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Variation in the Caucasus
  5. ^ a b Although the chart here says J, this group has mainly only J2
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz Semino, A; Passarino G, Oefner PJ, Lin AA, Arbuzova S, Beckman LE, De Benedictis G, Francalacci P, Kouvatsi A, Limborska S, Marcikiae M, Mika A, Mika B, Primorac D, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Underhill PA (2000). "The Genetic Legacy of Paleolithic *** sapiens sapiens in Extant Europeans: A Y Chromosome Perspective" (PDF). Science 290 (5494): 1155–9. doi:10.1126/science.290.5494.1155. PMID 11073453. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/Science_2000_v290_p1155.pdf. 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as Pericic, M; Lauc LB, Klaric IM, Rootsi S, Janicijevic B, Rudan I, Terzic R, Colak I, Kvesic A, Popovic D, Sijacki A, Behluli I, Dordevic D, Efremovska L, Bajec DD, Stefanovic BD, Villems R, Rudan P (2005). "High-resolution phylogenetic analysis of southeastern Europe traces major episodes of paternal gene flow among Slavic populations". Mol. Biol. Evol. 22 (10): 1964–75. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi185. PMID 15944443. http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/22/10/1964.  Haplogroup frequency data in table 1
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci Bosch, E.; Calafell, F.; González-Neira, A.; Flaiz, C; Mateu, E; Scheil, HG; Huckenbeck, W; Efremovska, L et al. (2006). "Paternal and maternal lineages in the Balkans show a homogeneous landscape over linguistic barriers, except for the isolated Aromuns". Annals of Human Genetics 70 (Pt 4): 459–87. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2005.00251.x. PMID 16759179. 
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh Battaglia, Vincenza; Fornarino, Simona; Al-Zahery, Nadia; Olivieri, Anna; Pala, Maria; Myres, Natalie M; King, Roy J; Rootsi, Siiri et al. (24 December 2008). "Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe". European Journal of Human Genetics 17 (6): 820–30. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2008.249. PMC 2947100. PMID 19107149. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2947100. 
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Rootsi et al. (2004).
  11. ^ a b Y-chromosome haplogroup N dispersals from south Siberia to Europe. Derenko et al.
  12. ^ a b Khar'kov, VN; Stepanov, VA; Medvedeva, OF; Spiridonova, MG; Voevoda, MI; Tadinova, VN; Puzyrev, VP (2007). "Gene pool differences between Northern and Southern Altaians inferred from the data on Y-chromosomal haplogroups". Genetika 43 (5): 675–87. PMID 17633562. 
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct Sengupta, S; Zhivotovsky, LA; King, R; Mehdi, SQ; Edmonds, CA; Chow, CE; Lin, AA; Mitra, M et al. (2006). "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists". American Journal of Human Genetics 78 (2): 202–21. doi:10.1086/499411. PMC 1380230. PMID 16400607. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1380230. 
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Semino, O; Santachiara-Benerecetti, AS; Falaschi, F; Cavalli-Sforza, LL; Underhill, PA (2002). "Ethiopians and Khoisan Share the Deepest Clades of the Human Y-Chromosome Phylogeny". American journal of human genetics 70 (1): 265–8. doi:10.1086/338306. PMC 384897. PMID 11719903. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=384897. 
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as Semino et al. (2004).
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br Yunusbaev 2006
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Arredi, B; Poloni, ES; Paracchini, S; Zerjal, T; Fathallah, DM; Makrelouf, M; Pascali, VL; Novelletto, A et al. (2004). "A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in North Africa". American journal of human genetics 75 (2): 338–45. doi:10.1086/423147. PMC 1216069. PMID 15202071. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1216069. 
  18. ^ a b c d e Robino et al. (2008), Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups in an Algerian population sample
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Nebel, A; Filon, D; Brinkmann, B; Majumder, PP; Faerman, M; Oppenheim, A (2001). "The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East". American journal of human genetics 69 (5): 1095–112. doi:10.1086/324070. PMC 1274378. PMID 11573163. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B8JDD-4R29JBW-M&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=311b0abad8d37d35a8776ade5baa84c4. 
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Luis, JR; Rowold, DJ; Regueiro, M; Caeiro, B; Cinnioğlu, C; Roseman, C; Underhill, PA; Cavalli-Sforza, LL et al. (2004). "The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations". American journal of human genetics 74 (3): 532–44. doi:10.1086/382286. PMC 1182266. PMID 14973781. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2004_v74_p000-0130.pdf.  (Errata)
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Cadenas, Alicia M; Zhivotovsky, Lev A; Cavalli-Sforza, Luca L; Underhill, PA; Herrera, RJ (2008). "Y-chromosome diversity characterizes the Gulf of Oman". European Journal of Human Genetics 16 (3): 374–86. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201934. PMID 17928816. 
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Abu-Amero, KK; Hellani, A; González, AM; Larruga, JM; Cabrera, VM; Underhill, PA (2009). "Saudi Arabian Y-Chromosome diversity and its relationship with nearby regions". BMC genetics 10: 59. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-10-59. PMC 2759955. PMID 19772609. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2759955. 
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn 97/445, O. Hassan et al. (2008), Y-Chromosome Variation Among Sudanese: Restricted Gene Flow, Concordance With Language, Geography, and History, American journal of physical anthropology
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i U.-D. Immela, M. Erhumab, T. Mustafac, M. Kleibera and M. Klintschara, "Population genetic analysis in a Libyan population using the PowerPlex 16 system," International Congress Series Volume 1288, April 2006, Pages 421-423
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca Rosser et al. (2000)
  26. ^ a b c d Michael E. Weale, Levon Yepiskoposyan, Rolf F. Jager, Nelli Hovhannisyan, Armine Khudoyan, Oliver Burbage-Hall, Neil Bradman, Mark G. Thomas, "Armenian Y chromosome haplotypes reveal strong regional structure within a single ethno-national group," Human Genetics (2001) 109 : 659–674.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g Doron M. Behar, Daniel Garrigan, Matthew E. Kaplan et al., "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome variation in Ashkenazi Jewish and host non-Jewish European populations," Human Genetics (2004) 114 : 354–365.
  28. ^ a b Nasidze2001
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Cruciani et al. (2004), Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa, Am J Hum Genet. 2004 May; 74(5): 1014–1022.
  30. ^ Lobov. Y chromosome analysis in subpopulations of Bashkirs from Russia
  31. ^ a b c d e f V. N. Kharkov, V. A. Stepanov, S. P. Feshchenko, S. A. Borinskaya, N. K. Yankovsky, and V. P. Puzyrev, "Frequencies of Y Chromosome Binary Haplogroups in Belarussians," Russian Journal of Genetics, Vol. 41, No. 8, 2005, pp. 928–931.
  32. ^ a b c d e Behar, Doron M.; Thomas, Mark G.; Skorecki, Karl; Hammer, Michael F.; Bulygina, Ekaterina; Rosengarten, Dror; Jones, Abigail L.; Held, Karen et al. (2003). "Multiple Origins of Ashkenazi Levites: Y Chromosome Evidence for Both Near Eastern and European Ancestries". American Journal of Human Genetics 73 (4): 768–79. doi:10.1086/378506. PMC 1180600. PMID 13680527. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1180600. 
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Rosa Alexandra, Ornelas Carolina, Jobling Mark A, Brehm António, Villems Richard (2007). "Y-chromosomal diversity in the population of Guinea-Bissau: a multiethnic perspective". BMC Evolutionary Biology 7: 124. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-124. PMC 1976131. PMID 17662131. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1976131. 
  34. ^ a b c d e f Qamar Raheel et al.. "Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in Pakistan". American Journal of Human Genetics 70 (1107–1124): 2002. 
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t [1] Estimating Scandinavian and Gaelic Ancestry in the Male Settlers of Iceland - Agnar Helgason et al., 2000, Am. J. Hum. Genet. 67:697–717, 2000
  36. ^ a b c Malaspina et al. (2003).
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Firasat, Sadaf; Khaliq, Shagufta; Mohyuddin, Aisha; Papaioannou, Myrto; Tyler-Smith, Chris; Underhill, Peter A; Ayub, Qasim (2007). "Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan". European Journal of Human Genetics 15 (1): 121–6. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201726. PMC 2588664. PMID 17047675. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2588664. 
  38. ^ a b c d e f http://www.ebc.ee/tymri00/PhD/2004/SRootsi_thesis.pdf
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au Tambets et al. (2004).
  40. ^ Barac et al. (2003)
  41. ^ a b c d e f F. Luca, F. Di Giacomo, T. Benincasa et al., "Y-Chromosomal Variation in the Czech Republic," American Journal of Physical Anthropology 132:132–139 (2007).
  42. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Elizabeth T Wood, Daryn A Stover, Christopher Ehret et al., "Contrasting patterns of Y chromosome and mtDNA variation in Africa: evidence for sex-biased demographic processes," European Journal of Human Genetics (2005) 13, 867–876. cf. "Appendix A: Y Chromosome Haplotype Frequencies."
  43. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da Zalloua et al. (2008), Identifying Genetic Traces of Historical Expansions: Phoenician Footprints in the Mediterranean, The American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 83, Issue 5, 633-642 17 November 2008
  44. ^ a b Weale et al. (2002).
  45. ^ a b c d e f Laitinen Virpi, Lahermo Päivi, Sistonen Pertti, Marja- , Savontaus Liisa (2002). "Y-Chromosomal Diversity Suggests that Baltic Males Share Common Finno-Ugric-Speaking Forefathers". Human Heredity 53 (2): 68–78. doi:10.1159/000057985. PMID 12037406. 
  46. ^ a b c d e f g h i j [2] Genetic evidence for different male and female roles during cultural transitions in the British Isles - James F. Wilson et al., 5078–5083, PNAS, April 24, 2001, vol. 98, no. 9
  47. ^ a b c d e [3] Y Chromosome Evidence for Anglo-Saxon Mass Migration - Michael E. Weale et al.,Mol. Biol. Evol. 2002;19:1008–1021.
  48. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au Alexander Varzari, "Population History of the Dniester-Carpathians: Evidence from Alu Insertion and Y-Chromosome Polymorphisms" (2006)
  49. ^ a b c d e Significant genetic differentiation between Poland and Germany follows present-day political borders, as revealed by Y-chromosome analysishttphttp
  50. ^ a b R. J. King, S. S. Özcan, T. Carter, E. Kalfoğlu, S. Atasoy, C. Triantaphyllidis, A. Kouvatsi, A. A. Lin, C-E. T. Chow, L. A. Zhivotovsky, M. Michalodimitrakis, P. A. Underhill (2008), "Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian Influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic," Annals of Human Genetics 72 (2), 205–214 doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2007.00414.x
  51. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Karafet, Tatiana; Xu, Liping; Du, Ruofu et al. et al.. "Paternal Population History of East Asia: Sources, Patterns, and Microevolutionary Processes". American Journal of Human Genetics 69 (615–628): 2001. 
  52. ^ Hungarian Bukovina DNA Project
  53. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t [M. Regueiro et al. (2006), "Iran: Tricontinental Nexus for Y-Chromosome Driven Migration"]
  54. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao R. Spencer Wells et al., "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (August 28, 2001)
  55. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Mirabal S, Regueiro M, Cadenas AM et al. (March 2009). "Y-Chromosome distribution within the geo-linguistic landscape of northwestern Russia". Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 17 (10): 1260–73. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2009.6. PMC 2986641. PMID 19259129. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2986641. 
  56. ^ a b c d e f g Distribution of European Y-chromosome DNA
  57. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Yali Xue, Tatiana Zerjal, Weidong Bao, Suling Zhu, Qunfang Shu, Jiujin Xu, Ruofu Du, Songbin ***, Pu Li, Matthew E. Hurles, Huanming Yang, Chris Tyler-Smith, "Male demography in East Asia: a north-south contrast in human population expansion times," Genetics 2006.
  58. ^ a b c d e f g h Michael F. Hammer, Tatiana M. Karafet, Hwayong Park, Keiichi Omoto, Shinji Harihara, Mark Stoneking and Satoshi Horai, "Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes," Journal of Human Genetics Volume 51, Number 1 / January, 2006.
  59. ^ Nasidze I. et al 2004, Genetic evidence concerning the origins of South and North Ossetians.
  60. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Oleg Balanovsky, Siiri Rootsi, Andrey Pshenichnov et al., "Two Sources of the Russian Patrilineal Heritage in Their Eurasian Context," American Journal of Human Genetics 82, 236–250, January 2008.
  61. ^ a b Balanovsky
  62. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Karlsson, Andreas O; Wallerström, Thomas; Götherström, Anders; Holmlund, Gunilla (2006). "Y-chromosome diversity in Sweden – A long-time perspective". European Journal of Human Genetics 14 (8): 963–70. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201651. PMID 16724001. 
  63. ^ Raito et al.
  64. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Sanchez, Juan J; Hallenberg, Charlotte; Børsting, Claus; Hernandez, Alexis; Morling, Niels (2005). "High frequencies of Y chromosome lineages characterized by E3b1, DYS19-11, DYS392-12 in Somali males". European Journal of Human Genetics 13 (7): 856–66. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201390. PMID 15756297. 
  65. ^ a b c d e f T. Lappalainen, V. Laitinen, E. Salmela et al., "Migration Waves to the Baltic Sea Region," Annals of Human Genetics (2008).
  66. ^ a b c d e f g h Cinnioglu et al. (2004)
  67. ^ a b c Zerjal, Tatiana; Wells, R. Spencer; Yuldasheva, Nadira; Ruzibakiev, Ruslan; Tyler-Smith, Chris. "A Genetic Landscape Reshaped by Recent Events: Y-Chromosomal Insights into Central Asia". American Journal of Human Genetics 71 (466–482): 2002. 
  68. ^ a b c d e Ruixia Zhou, Daqun Yang, Hua Zhang, Weiping Yu, Lizhe An, Xilong Wang, Hong Li, Jiujin Xu, and Xiaodong Xie, "Origin and evolution of two Yugur sub-clans in Northwest China: a case study in paternal genetic landscape," Annals of Human Biology (2008), 35:2, 198 — 211.
  69. ^ Cruciani et al. 2010, Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages
  70. ^ The International HapMap Consortium, A haplotype map of the human genome

[edit] External links
Overview
Europe
Near East and North Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
Caucasus
South Asia
Far East
Central Asia and Siberia
Oceania
Americas
Famous haplotypes
Genetic history of...
Main articles
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Y-DNA_haplogroups_by_ethnic_group&oldid=471825869"
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
Interaction
Toolbox
Print/export
Languages