Yttrium(III) oxide
| Yttrium(III) oxide | |
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Yttrium(III) oxide. |
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Other names
Yttria, |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 1314-36-9  |
| RTECS number | ZG3850000 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | Y2O3 |
| Molar mass | 225.81 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid. |
| Density | 5.010 g/cm³, solid |
| Melting point |
2425 °C |
| Boiling point |
4300 °C |
| Solubility in water | insoluble |
| Solubility in alcohol acid |
soluble |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | Cubic (bixbyite), cI80[1] |
| Space group | Ia-3, No. 206 |
| Coordination geometry |
Octahedral |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| EU classification | None listed. |
| R-phrases | Not hazardous |
| S-phrases | S24/25 |
| Related compounds | |
| Other cations | Scandium(III) oxide, Lanthanum(III) oxide |
| Related compounds | Yttrium barium copper oxide |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Yttrium oxide is Y2O3. It is an air-stable, white solid substance. Yttrium oxide is used as a common starting material for both materials science as well as inorganic compounds.
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[edit] Uses
[edit] Materials science
It is the most important yttrium compound and is widely used to make YVO4 europium and Y2O3 europium phosphors that give the red color in color TV picture tubes. Yttrium oxide is also used to make yttrium iron garnets, which are very effective microwave filters.
Y2O3 is used to make the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7, known as "1-2-3" to indicate the ratio of the metal constituents:
- 2 Y2O3 + 8 BaO + 12 CuO + O2 → 4 YBa2Cu3O7
This synthesis is typically conducted at 800 °C.
The thermal conductivity of yttrium oxide is 27 W/(m·K).[2]
[edit] Inorganic synthesis
Yttrium oxide is an important starting point for inorganic compounds. For organometallic chemistry it is converted to YCl3 in a reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride.
[edit] Lasers
Y2O3 ceramics is a prospective solid-state laser material. In particular, lasers with ytterbium as dopant allow the efficient operation both in cw operation [3] and in pulsed regimes.[4] At high concentration of excitations (of order of 1%) and poor cooling, the quenching of emission at laser frequency and avalanche broadband emission takes place.[5]
[edit] References
- ^ Yong-Nian Xu; Zhong-quan Gu; W. Y. Ching (1997). "Electronic, structural, and optical properties of crystalline yttria". Phys. Rev. B56 (23): 14993–15000. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.56.14993.
- ^ P. H. Klein and W. J. Croft (1967). "Thermal conductivity , Diffusivity, and Expansion of Y2O3, Y3Al5O12, and LaF3 in the Range 77-300 K". J. Appl. Phys. 38 (4): 1603. doi:10.1063/1.1709730.
- ^ J. Kong; D.Y.Tang, B. Zhao, J.Lu, K.Ueda, H.Yagi and T.Yanagitani (2005). "9.2-W diode-pumped Yb:Y2O3 ceramic laser". Applied Physics Letters 86 (16): 161116. Bibcode 2005ApPhL..86p1116K. doi:10.1063/1.1914958.
- ^ M.Tokurakawa; K.Takaichi, A.Shirakawa, K.Ueda, H.Yagi, T.Yanagitani, and A.A. Kaminskii (2007). "Diode-pumped 188 fs mode-locked Yb3+:Y2O3 ceramic laser". Appl.Phys.Lett. 90 (7): 071101. Bibcode 2007ApPhL..90g1101T. doi:10.1063/1.2476385.
- ^ J.-F.Bisson; D.Kouznetsov, K.Ueda, S.T.Fredrich-Thornton, K.Petermann, G.Huber (2007). "Switching of emissivity and photoconductivity in highly doped Yb3+:Y2O3 and Lu2O3 ceramics". Appl.Phys.Lett. 90 (20): 201901. Bibcode 2007ApPhL..90t1901B. doi:10.1063/1.2739318.
[edit] External links
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