Z-drug

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Chemical structure of the prototypical Z-drug zolpidem.

Z-drugs are a group of nonbenzodiazepine drugs with effects similar to benzodiazepines which are used in the treatment of insomnia,[1] and whose names mostly start with the letter "Z". Some Z drugs may have advantages over benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines actually worsen sleep architecture whereas certain Z drugs such as zaleplon have less or no disruption of sleep architecture.[2]

[edit] List of Z-drugs

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "What's wrong with prescribing hypnotics?". Drug Ther Bull 42 (12): 89–93. December 2004. doi:10.1136/dtb.2004.421289. PMID 15587763. http://dtb.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/42/12/89. 
  2. ^ Barbera J, Shapiro C (2005). "Benefit-risk assessment of zaleplon in the treatment of insomnia". Drug Saf 28 (4): 301–18. doi:10.2165/00002018-200528040-00003. PMID 15783240. 
Antihistamines
H1R inverse agonists
Others
Antipsychotics
Mixed MOA
Channel blockers
Dissociatives
NMDAR antagonists
Others
GABAergics
Others
Glycinergics
Narcotics
MOR agonists
Sympatholytics
α/β-AR modulators
Others
Miscellaneous
GABAA agonists/PAMs
Barbiturates: Allobarbital • Amobarbital • Aprobarbital • Barbital • Butabarbital • Butobarbital • Cyclobarbital • Ethallobarbital • Heptabarb • Hexobarbital • Mephobarbital • Methohexital • Pentobarbital • Phenobarbital • Proxibarbal • Reposal • Secobarbital • Talbutal • Thiamylal • Thiopental • Vinbarbital • Vinylbital
Benzodiazepines: Brotizolam • Clonazepam • Cinolazepam • Climazolam • Doxefazepam • Estazolam • Flunitrazepam • Flurazepam • Flutoprazepam • Haloxazolam • Loprazolam • Lorazepam •Lormetazepam • Midazolam • Nimetazepam • Nitrazepam • Quazepam • Temazepam • Triazolam
Carbamates: Carisoprodol • Ethinamate • Hexapropymate • Meprobamate • Methocarbamol • Procymate • Tybamate
Neuroactive Steroids: Acebrochol • Allopregnanolone • Alphadolone • Alphaxolone • Eltanolone • Ganaxolone • Hydroxydione • Minaxolone • Org 20599 • Org 21465 • Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone
Nonbenzodiazepines: CL-218,872 • Eszopiclone • Indiplon • JM-1232 • Lirequinil • Necopidem • Pazinaclone • ROD-188 • Saripidem • Suproclone • Suriclone • SX-3228 • U-89843A • U-90042 • Zaleplon • Zolpidem • Zopiclone
Phenols: Fospropofol • Propofol
Piperidinediones: Glutethimide • Methyprylon • Pyrithyldione • Piperidione
Quinazolinones: Afloqualone • Cloroqualone • Diproqualone • Etaqualone • Mebroqualone • Mecloqualone • Methaqualone • Methylmethaqualone • Nitromethaqualone
Volatiles/gases: 2-Methyl-2-butanol • Acetophenone • Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate • Centalun • Chloral hydrate • Ethanol (Alcohol) • Paraldehyde • Trichloroethanol
Others: Bromide (Lithium bromide, Potassium bromide, Sodium bromide) • Chloralose • Chloralodol • Clomethiazole • Dichloralphenazone • Ethchlorvynol • Etomidate • Gaboxadol • Loreclezole • Methylpentynol • Metomidate • Org 25435 • Petrichloral • Sulfonmethane • Triclofos • Valerenic acid (Valerian)
GABAB agonists
1,4-Butanediol • Aceburic acid • GABOB • GHB (Sodium oxybate) • GBL • GVL
H1 inverse agonists
α1-Adrenergic antagonists
α2-Adrenergic agonists
5-HT2A antagonists
Melatonin agonists
Orexin antagonists
Others
Receptor
ligands

Antagonists: Main site: Bicuculline
Reuptake
inhibitors
GAT inhibitors
Enzyme
inhibitors
GAD inhibitors
GABA-T inhibitors
Others
Others
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