Lophorina

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Lophorina
Lesser lophorina (Lophorina minor)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Paradisaeidae
Genus: Lophorina
Vieillot, 1816
Type species
Paradisea superba (greater lophorina)
Pennant, 1781

Lophorina is a genus of birds in the birds-of-paradise family Paradisaeidae that are endemic to New Guinea, formerly containing a single species, but as of 2017, containing three species.[1]

Description[edit]

All members sport a jet-black to black body found only in males, while their female counterparts sport brown upperparts (shade depends on the species) with barred underparts; they have a relatively long to shortish, slender, crow-like bill, and various ornaments. All three species have a distinctive cape found on the nape that they push forward, an iridescent blue-green crown, and an iridescent blue-greenish breast shield that appears to be "smiling" (L. superba) and "frowning" (L. niedda) that the males use to court females. When it comes to the courtship of the female lophorina, males tend to start crouching, showing a repeated display of their breast shield and an exaggerated downward movement to show their crown to the female. During a high intensity display, the male will also fan his nape cape, forming a semi-circle overhead, and around breast shield, all while hopping around the female.[2][3][4] When in full display, the birds look like an otherworldly cartoon character with a fully black face, blue eyes, and blue mouth as they try their best to hop and dance around a potential mate.

Taxonomy[edit]

The genus Lophorina was introduced in 1816 by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot for a single species, the greater lophorina. This is now the type species.[5][6] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek lophos meaning "crest" or "tuft" with rhis, rhinos meaning "nostrils.[7] The contents of this genus and that of Ptiloris is based on a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2017.[8][1]

The genus contains three species:[8]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Irestedt, Martin; Batalha-Filho, Henrique; Ericson, Per G. P.; Christidis, Les; Schodde, Richard (2017). "Phylogeny, biogeography and taxonomic consequences in a bird-of-paradise species complex, Lophorina–Ptiloris (Aves: Paradisaeidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (2): 439–470. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx004.
  2. ^ Rimlinger, David; Theule, Jessica; Bass, Kelly (2021). "Breeding history and husbandry of the Superb Bird‐of‐paradise (Lophorina superba)". Zoo Biology. 40 (5): 485–490. doi:10.1002/zoo.21627. ISSN 0733-3188. PMID 34170023. S2CID 235633854.
  3. ^ Scholes, Edwin; G. Laman, Timothy (2018). "Distinctive Courtship Phenotype of the Vogelkop Superb Bird-of-Paradise Lophorina Niedda Mayr, 1930 Confirms New Species Status" (PDF). PeerJ. 6: e4621. doi:10.7717/peerj.4621. PMC 5907773. PMID 29682415.
  4. ^ Theule, Jessica; Rimlinger, David (2022). "Artificial incubation and hand‐rearing of Superb Bird‐of‐paradise (Lophorina superba)". Zoo Biology. 41 (6): 588–594. doi:10.1002/zoo.21685. ISSN 0733-3188. PMID 35098574. S2CID 246429216.
  5. ^ Vieillot, Louis Pierre (1816). Analyse d'une Nouvelle Ornithologie Élémentaire (in French). Paris: Deterville/self. p. 35.
  6. ^ Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1962). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 15. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 193.
  7. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  8. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2022). "Crows, mudnesters, melampittas, Ifrit, birds-of-paradise". IOC World Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
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