Murray Barr
Murray Barr | |
|---|---|
| Born | Murray Llewellyn Barr June 20, 1908 Belmont, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | May 4, 1995 (aged 86) |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Alma mater | University of Western Ontario |
| Occupation(s) | Physician and Medical Researcher |
| Known for | Co-discoverer of the "Barr body" |
| Awards |
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Murray Llewellyn Barr OC FRSC FRS[1] (June 20, 1908 – May 4, 1995) was a Canadian physician and medical researcher who discovered with graduate student Ewart George Bertram, in 1948, an important cell structure, the "Barr body".[2]
Born in Belmont, Ontario, he was educated at the University of Western Ontario, where he received his Bachelor of Arts in 1930, M.D. in 1933, and Master of Science in 1938. He was an RCAF wing commander between 1939 and 1945. From 1936 to 1977, he served as a faculty member at the University of Western Ontario. He was a member of The Harvey Club of London, the oldest medical club in Canada, which consisted of other noteworthy physicians in southwestern Ontario, and was loosely associated with the University of Western Ontario.
In 1955, he collaborated with K.L. Moore to introduce a buccal smear test. This test used cells rubbed from the lining of the mouth to identify individuals with abnormal numbers of sex-chromosome bodies, thereby determining whether they had errors in their sex-chromosome complex. Karyotyping and chromosome studies were then used to study these errors further. This research provided a major advancement in understanding the cause of various congenital syndromes.
Murray Barr published two books, The Human Nervous System and A Century of Medicine at Western. "The Human Nervous System" was used as the primary neuroanatomy textbook by medical students for several years.
He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
In 1968, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 1959, he received the Royal Society of Canada's Flavelle Medal. In 1962, he won a Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foundation Award for his contributions to the understanding of the causes of mental retardation. In 1963, he received the Gairdner Foundation International Award and in 1972 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London.[1] In 1998, he was posthumously inducted into Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.[3]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Potter, P.; Soltan, H. (1997). "Murray Llewellyn Barr, O. C. 20 June 1908--4 May 1995: Elected F.R.S. 1972". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 43: 33. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1997.0003.
- ^ Barr, M. L.; Bertram, E. G. (1949). "A Morphological Distinction between Neurones of the Male and Female, and the Behaviour of the Nucleolar Satellite during Accelerated Nucleoprotein Synthesis". Nature. 163 (4148): 676. Bibcode:1949Natur.163..676B. doi:10.1038/163676a0. PMID 18120749. S2CID 4093883.
- ^ William J. Brady (July 10, 2008). Murray Llewellyn Barr.
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External links[edit]
- Profile of Murray L. Barr
- Barr Body on Human Sex Chromosomes
- Who Named It? - Murray Llewellyn Barr
- Canadian Medical Hall of Fame
- Canadian Medical Association Journal
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- 1908 births
- 1995 deaths
- People from Elgin County
- Canadian medical researchers
- Physicians from Ontario
- Officers of the Order of Canada
- University of Western Ontario alumni
- Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
- Fellows of the Royal Society
- Scientists from Ontario
- 20th-century Canadian physicians
- 20th-century Canadian scientists
- Canadian medical biography stubs