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Table of political parties in Europe by pancontinental organisation

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The majority of major local or national political parties in Europe have aligned themselves with one of the European political alliances. Some of these are registered as European political parties, while others are political alliances with varying degrees of centralisation.

History

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The first European political parties formed during the 1970s, in the run-up to the first elections of the European Parliament by direct universal suffrage (adopted in 1976, and taking place for the first time in 1979). European political parties were first mentioned in the 1992 Treaty of Maastricht, stating that "Political parties at European level are important as a factor for integration within the Union. They contribute to forming a European awareness and to expressing the political will of the citizens of the Union", thus officially recognising the existence of European political parties.[1]

Until the early 2000s, European parties remained mostly in the shadow of political groups in the European Parliament, which provided them with funding and, often, hosted them.

In November 2003, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted Regulation 2004/2003 "on the regulations governing political parties at European level and the rules regarding their funding". Regulation 2004/2003 provided the first official definition of European political parties and created a framework for their public funding.[2] With this official definition, Regulation 2004/2003 marked the first distinction between European parties and other political alliances operating at European level.

In 2007, Regulation 1524/2007 updated modalities for the funding of European parties and allowed them to set up affiliated European political foundations, separate entities contributing to the debate on European issues, organising conferences, and carrying out research, and linking like-minded national political foundations. The revised Regulation explicitly allows European parties to finance campaigns conducted for elections to the European Parliament.

In October 2014, the European Parliament and the Council adopted Regulation 1141/2014, which replaced Regulation 2004/2003 and overhauled the framework for European political parties and foundations, including by giving them a European legal status.[3] It also established the Authority for the European political parties and European political foundations (APPF),[4] a standalone entity for the purpose of registering, controlling, and imposing sanctions on European parties and foundations.

In May 2018, the European Parliament and the Council adopted Regulation 2018/673, which amended Regulation 1141/2014 by detailing provisions relating to the registration of political parties and foundations, and transparency regarding political programmes and party logos.[5]

Political parties in Europe

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The Nordic Green Left Alliance is a transnational federation of parties, not a European political party; however, it articulates a broadly uniform ideology and its membership is exclusive to it. As such, it is treated akin to one here.

Parties represented in national parliaments or the European Parliament are generally included in the below chart, while independents were omitted. Great ideological diversity can be found in most European political alliances, and individual country rows may not correspond with the heuristic left-right spectrum commonly used within its own political discourse.

EL NGLA Stand-
alone
EFA EGP PES EDP ALDE Stand-
alone
EPP ECR Patriots Stand-
alone
Leftist Green Left. Leftist Regionalist Green Social Dem. Centre Lib. Dem. Centre
Lib. Dem.
Centre-right Conserv. Right. Pop.
National.
Rightist
 Albania LSI
PSD
PS PD
 Andorra RD VA PS PLA
 Armenia K՛O ARF BA
ANC
HHK
OE
HE
BHK ST
 Austria KPÖ EL GRÜNE SPÖ NEOS ÖVP FPÖ
 Azerbaijan AXC AVP
 Belarus KPB
APB
BPF LDPB
 Belgium PC Groen
Ecolo
Vooruit
PS
LE
MCC
Open VLD
MR
UF
Vivant
CD&V
CSP
VB Chez Nous
 Bosnia and Herzegovina SNSD
DF
SDP NS NiP
NES
SDA
HDZ
PDP
HDZ 1990
SBB
 Bulgaria ABV UMO ZPB
Zelenite
BSP
BSDP
DPS
NDSV
GERB
DSB
SDS
DP
Ataka
NFSB
VMRO
BBC
 Croatia RF Možemo!
ORaH
SDP Reformisti Centar
Fokus
HNS–LD
HSLS
GLAS
IDS
HSU
PGS
NPS
RES
HDZ
HDS
HS MOST
HSP
PiP
 Cyprus AKEL KOP EDEK CA
Citizens' Platform
EDI ΕΚ DISY
 Czech Republic KSČM SPO MZH SZ ČSSD SEN21 ANO 2011 TOP 09
KDU–ČSL
ODS SPD Úsvit
SSO
 Denmark El SP SF SD Venstre
RV
KF
K
FF (Faroë Islands) DF
 Estonia EÜV EER SDE EK RE IRL EKRE PÕLIS
EV
 Finland Vas AF (Åland) Vihr SDP Kesk
SFP
KOK
KD
PS
 France PCF PCR
MIM
MRC
MRS (Savoy)
EA (Basque Country)
UDB (Brittany)
PO (Occitania)
PNC (Corsica)
EELV PS MoDem MR
UDI
LC LR DLF RN RPF
 Georgia FD
SKP
MGS
 Germany DIE LINKE DKP BP
SSW
LA
Die Friesen
GRÜNE SPD FREIE WÄHLER FDP CDU
CSU
NPD
 Greece SYRIZA DIMAR Vinožito OP PASOK EK ND XA
 Hungary DK
MKM
LMP
P
MSZP UK Momentum
MLP
TISZA Fidesz JOBBIK
KDNP
 Iceland VG Samf BF PP SSF
 Ireland SD GP Labour FF FG Aontú
 Italy PRC
SI
PPA & SSk (Friuli-Venezia Giulia)
UV (Aosta Valley)
STF (South Tyrol)
EV PD
PSI
IV RI
+E
Azione
LDE
CD FI
UdC
PATT (South Tyrol)
SVP (South Tyrol)
FdI League NM
 Kosovo LVV PDK
AKR
LDK
SL
AAK
PD
 Latvia LKS LZP SDPS
LSDSP
LRA V NA RP
NSL
 Liechtenstein FL
 Lithuania LSDP LP
LRLS
DK
LVŽS
TS-LKD AWPL TT
 Luxembourg Lénk Gréng LSAP DP PPLU CSV ADR
 Malta AD+PD PL PN
 Moldova PCRM PDM PL PLR PLDM
PPCD
 Monaco UPM UND
 Montenegro SD URA DPS
SDP
LP CG PES
DCG
BS DNP
NSD
 Netherlands FNP GL
Groenen
PvdA VVD
D66
OSF CDA PVV
 Northern Cyprus YKP
BKP
TDP CTP UBP
DP
 North Macedonia SPM SDSM LPM
LDP
PDP VMRO-DPNME NP
 Norway SV MdG Ap Venstre Høyre
KrF
FrP
 Poland Razem RAŚ Zieloni NL
UP
SD .N UED PO
PSL
PiS RN Kukiz'15
KKP
 Portugal BE PEV
LIVRE
PS PDR IL MPT

PSD
CDS

 Romania PAS UNPR PSD RO.AS.IT
PRO
ALDE PNL
UDMR
PNŢ-CD
M10 NR
PRU
 Russia APR Yabloko SPS
VR
 San Marino SU PS PSD FR PDCS
 Serbia SPS
PUPS
LSDV ZLF DS
SSP
PSG NPS
SNS
VMSZ
DSS
POKS
Dveri
SPO
JS
 Slovakia Smer–SD SDS
EDS
KDH
SDKÚ-DS
SMK-MKP
Most–Híd
SaS
OKS
NOVA
SNS
 Slovenia Levica Vesna SD DeSUS SDS
NSi
SLS
Resni.ca
SNS
 Spain IU
PCE
EUiA (Catalonia)
Sortu(Basque Country)
ERC (Catalan Countries)
EA (Basque Country[6])
BNG (Galicia)
NC† (Canary Islands)
EQUO
Comuns(Catalonia)
PSOE EAJ (Basque Country[6])
CC (Canary Islands)
CxG (Galicia)
Cs Junts PP Vox SALF
 Sweden V MP S L
C
M
KD
SD
 Switzerland PdA CSP Grüne SP FDP CVP
EVP
BDP
EDU
LT
 Turkey Left Party CHP
HDP
Good Party AKP MHP
 Ukraine PPPU NSNU
NRU
KUN
United Kingdom United Kingdom
SF (NI)
PUP (NI)
SNP
PC
MK
GPEW
SGP
GPNI (NI)
Labour
SDLP (NI)
LibDems
Alliance (NI)
Cons
UUP (NI)
DUP (NI) TUV (NI)
UKIP Reform UK
  • Standalone parties with representation in the European Parliament are coloured by the parliamentary group in which they sit. These are:
EPP S&D (PES) RE GUE/NGL Greens-EFA ECR ID Non-Inscrits
EPP PES ALDE
ECG EUL Non-Attached
  • The "Standalone parties of the political centre" column includes some single-interest parties that claim to draw support from all across the spectrum.
  • † indicates the party has observer or associate status within a transnational alliance.
  • National parties are sorted by the alignment adopted by the party's leadership; in some cases MEPs have chosen to sit in different groups within the EP.
  • The European political alliance Volt Europa is not shown in this table as it has national sections in several European countries; it is currently part of the Greens-European Free Alliance group in the European Parliament.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Treaty on European Union (Treaty OJ C 191, Title II, Article G.E.41). 29 July 1992.
  2. ^ Regulation (EC) No 2004/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 on the regulations governing political parties at European level and the rules regarding their funding (Regulation 2004/2003). The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 4 November 2003.
  3. ^ Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 1141/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundations (Regulation (EU, Euratom) 1141/2014, Article 12). European Parliament and Council of the European Union. 22 October 2014.
  4. ^ "The Authority | About us | Authority for European Political Parties andEuropean Political Foundations". appf.
  5. ^ Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/673 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 May 2018 amending Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 1141/2014 on the statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundations (Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/673). European Parliament and Council of the European Union. 3 May 2018.
  6. ^ a b In Navarre, forming the coalition Nafarroa Bai with other nationalist parties.
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