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|[[The Anvil (gay club)|The Anvil]]
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|500 West 14th Street, New York City
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|Boots/ Boots Warehouse
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|592 Sherbourne St.
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-12-03 |title=Then & Now: Boots |url=http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/12/then-now-boots/ |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History |language=en-US}}</ref>
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Revision as of 17:24, 7 July 2024

Leather bars, sex clubs and bathhouses played a key role in the development of the gay leather scene, providing a gathering space for the community and a point of entry into the scene for newcomers, as well as turning leather into a consumable aesthetic and identity, often enforced by dress codes. They are considered the first distinct subgenre of gay bars, and with their characteristic visuals are often depicted as gay bars' most iconic form. Designated leather bars started appearing between the 1950s and 1960s in major cities of the U.S., exploding in popularity in the 1970s.[1]

Usually, leather bars were found in industrial and working-class city neighborhoods, like South of Market in San Francisco, the Manhattan Meatpacking District and the Munich Glockenbachviertel.[2]

Dresscode at the Mineshaft

Many bars imposed dress codes on their patrons

cruising & spaces for homosexual desire and sex, sometimes more or less permissible/tolerated

women often not allowed either

After the outbrake of HIV in the U.S. a nationwide political campaign to close sex clubs, bathhouses and similar establishments was successfully implemented, and within a few years many institutions that had played a central role within the community were shut down. The forced closing of bathhouses and increased regulation of leather bars sped up the ongoing gentrification in big cities, that already threatened their existence, so that the leather districts shrank rapidly after the explosive expansion of the 1970s.

1990s: Advent of the internet

2020s: many closings due to covid, prevalence of events instead of bars

Ath the time L/L, Leather/Levi, Western, Macho

Name Image Street Adress City Country Year opened Year closed Significance Ref.
AA Meat Market 2933 N Lincoln Ave, Chicago, IL 60657 Chicago  United States c. 1980s 1994 Included a back bar called The Grease Pit. [3]
Albuquerque Eagle Albuquerque  United States 2018 – [4]
Ambush Harrison Street San Francisco  United States 1973 [5]
Arena San Francisco  United States [5]
Argos Warmoesstraat Amsterdam  Netherlands 1957 2015 [6][7]
The Anvil
500 West 14th Street, New York City New York City  United States 1974 1985 Gay BDSM after-hours sex club [8]
Atlanta Eagle Atlanta  United States 1985-87, 2022 2020 Subjected to the Atlanta Eagle police raid in 2009, named a historic landmark by the City of Atlanta as the first recognized and protected LGBTQ landmark in the Deep South. [9][10][11]
Austin Eagle Austin  United States 2023 [12][13]
The Backstreet East End, London  United Kingdom 1985 2022 London's longest running, and last remaining leather bar. [14]
Baltimore Eagle Baltimore  United States 1991 – [15]
Barracks San Francisco  United States Bathhouse [5]
Big Dollar New York City  United States c. 1959 c. 1964 Early dedicated leather bar in New York City [16]
Black and Blue San Francisco  United States [5]
Black Eagle Montreal  Canada – – [17]
Black Eagle Toronto  Canada 1994 – [18]
Bolt San Francisco  United States [5]
Bootcamp Bryant Street San Francisco  United States 1971 [5]
Boots Los Angeles  United States 1977 Bootblack stand [19]
Boots/ Boots Warehouse 592 Sherbourne St. Toronto  Canada 1981 2000 [20]
The Boots Antwerp  Belgium
Brig San Francisco  United States [5]
Catacombs San Francisco  United States 1975 1984 Gay underground sex club, mostly known for its fisting community. [21]
Cave San Francisco  United States [5]
Chains Köln Stephanstraße 4 Cologne  Germany 1990 [22]
Chaps San Francisco  United States [5]
Chicago Eagle Chicago  United States c. 1990s 2007 Owned by Chuck Renslow. The entrance to the bar was through a semitrailer in the alley. The lower level of the bar was called the Grease Pit and had a dress code of an article of leather or a uniform for admittance [23][24]
Cockring
Warmoesstraat Amsterdam  Netherlands
Coleherne Arms 1866
Earl's Court, London  United Kingdom 1866 2008 Internationally known leather club in the 1970s and 1980s, nicknamed 'The Cloneherne'. [25]
Cook Munich Augsburgerstrasse 21 Munich  Germany Western Levi Leather [26]
Cow Palace Saloon San Francisco  United States [5]
Cuff Complex
Seattle  United States 1993
Dallas Eagle Dallas  United States 2000 - (closed 2021; reopened 2023) [27][28]
DC Eagle Washington, D.C.  United States 1971 2020 [29]
Denver Eagle Grey stucco exterior with a red door. Black eagle shaped sign reads "Denver Eagle" Denver  United States 2022 - [30]
Depot Schirmerstr. 61 Düsseldorf  Germany Gay Cruising & Fetish Club [31]
The Detroit Eagle Detroit  United States 1973 – [32]
The Eagle 510 N.E. 13th St. Fort Lauderdale  United States [33]
The Eagle Pittsburgh  United States 1994 2012 [34]
The Eagle Manchester  United Kingdom 2008 – [35]
Eagle Amsterdam [nl] Amsterdam  Netherlands 1979 – [36]
Eagle Houston Houston  United States 2014 – [37]
Eagle in Exile 893 N. Fourth St. Columbus  United States [38]
Eagle LA Los Angeles  United States 2006 – [39]
Eagle London London  United Kingdom 2004 – [40]
EAGLE MPLS Minneapolis  United States 1998 – [41]
Eagle Munich Buttermelcherstraße 2a Munich  Germany [42]
Eagle NYC New York City  United States 1970 – [43]
Eagle Portland Portland, Oregon  United States – – [44]
Eagle Sao Paulo São Paulo  Brazil - - [45]
Eagle Seoul Seoul  South Korea - - [46]
Eagle's Nest (later: the Eagle) New York City  United States 1970 Owned by leatherman Bob Milne, became the model for numerous "Eagle" bars. [16]
Eagle Stuttgart Stuttgart  Germany 1989 – [47]
Eagle Tokyo Tokyo  Japan 2016 – [48]
Eagle Vienna Vienna  Austria – – [49]
Eagle Wilton Manors Wilton Manors  United States – – [50]
Fe-Be's Folsom Street, South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1966 1986 Most influencal leather bar in San Francisco in the second half of the 60s, part of the "Miracle Mile" on Folsom Street, also housed the shop A Taste of Leather.
The Gauntlet Los Angeles  United States
The Gauntlet 2 Los Angeles  United States
Gold Coast Chicago  United States 1960 1988 First designated leather bar in Chicago, owned by leatherman Chuck Renslow, murals by Dom Orejudos (Etienne). Sponsor of the "Mr. Gold Coast" pageant (1972-78), which in 1979 developed into International Mr. Leather. [51]
Headquarters San Francisco  United States [5]
In Between San Francisco  United States between Febe's and the Ramrod [5]
Le Stud
Montreal  Canada 1996
Lodge New York City  United States c. 1954 c. 1964 First leather bar in New York City that imposed a dress code. [16]
Loreley Hamburg  Germany 1969 Probably the first leather bar in Germany. [52]
Man's Country Chicago  United States
Milwaukee Eagle Milwaukee  United States 1997 2001 [53]
Mineshaft Manhattan, New York City  United States 1976 1985 Members-only BDSM leather bar and sex club for gay men. Predecessor leather bars in the same building since 1968. [54][55]
New Action Kleiststr. 35 Berlin  Germany 1991 [56]
No Name San Francisco  United States [5]
Ochsengarten
Munich  Germany 1969 First leather bar in Bavaria and one of the first leather bars in Germany. [57][52]
Phoenix San Francisco  US [5]
The Phoenix/Eagle New Orleans  United States 1983 – [58]
Powerhouse San Francisco  US [5]
Providence Eagle Providence  United States - - [59][60]
Ramrod Greenwich Village, Manhattan, New York City  United States 1973 1980 The bar was shuttered and never reopened after an act of anti-gay gun violence in 1980. [61]
Ramrod Folsom Street, South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1968 ? Part of the "Miracle Mile" on Folsom Street [16]
Red Star Saloon San Francisco  United States [5]
San Diego Eagle San Diego  United States [62]
San Francisco Eagle San Francisco  United States 1981 – [63]
San Francisco Eagle (also SF Eagle; formerly Eagle Tavern)
South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1981 San Francisco Designated Landmark designated in 2021. [64]
Seattle Eagle (formerly J&L Saloon) Seattle  United States c. 1982 First leather bar in Seattle. [65]
Seattle Eagle Seattle  United States 1980 – [66]
Shaw's New York City  United States c. 1953 c. 1964 First "leather friendly bar" in New York City [16]
Spike Holzstraße 14 Munich  Germany Gay Bar And Smokers Club [67]
Stables San Francisco  United States [5]
Stiefelknecht Wimmergasse 20 Vienna  Austria [68]
The Stud
San Francisco  United States 1966 Originally part of the "Miracle Mile" on Folsom Street, owned by George Matson and Alexis Muir (Muir was a transgender woman then known as Richard Conroy). [69]
Stud Los Angeles  United States drummer 3 p 44
The Stud Thalkirchener Straße 2 Munich  Germany Leather Levis Uniform Club [70]
Tom's Bar
Berlin  Germany 1982 2024
Tom's Leather Bar Mexico City  Mexico 1995 [71]
Toms Saloon Hamburg  Germany 1974 Murals by Tom of Finland [72]
Tool Box South of Market, San Francisco  United States 1962 1971 First leather bar in South of Market, murals by Chuck Arnett. Featured in "Homosexuality in America", an article published by Life magazine 1964. [73]
Trench San Francisco  United States [5]
Touché 2825 North Lincoln Chicago  United States [74]
Why Not San Francisco  United States 1961 1961 First leather bar in San Francisco, managed by leatherman Tony Tavarossi, closed after a vice squad arrest. [16]
Wildsau Zähringerstraße 11 Zürich   Switzerland [75]

References

  1. ^ Hilderbrand, Lucas (2023). The bars are ours: histories and cultures of gay bars in America, 1960 and after. Durham: Duke University Press. pp. 37–39. ISBN 978-1-4780-2728-7.
  2. ^ Rubin, Gayle (2005). "Sites, settlements, and urban sex: archaeology and the study of gay leathermen in San Francisco, 1955-1995". In Schmidt, Robert A.; Voss, Barbara L. (eds.). Archaeologies of Sexuality. Routledge. pp. 62–88.
  3. ^ "AA Meat Market". Leather Archives & Museum.
  4. ^ Skroch, Michael (August 7, 2018). "ABQ Eagle at Sidewinders Bar and Grill". Archived from the original on August 7, 2018. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Gayle Rubin, excerpted from "Requiem for the Valley of the Leather Kings," originally published in Southern Oracle, 1989
  6. ^ "DPG Media Privacy Gate". myprivacy.dpgmedia.nl. Retrieved 2024-07-07.
  7. ^ "The History of the Amsterdam Argos (1957-2015) – LEATHERHISTORY.EU". web.archive.org. 2016-07-08. Retrieved 2024-07-07.
  8. ^ Miller, Neil (2006). Out of the past: gay & lesbian history from 1869 to the present (Rev. & updated, 1. Alyson Books ed.). New York: Alyson Books. ISBN 978-1-55583-870-6.
  9. ^ Towle, Andy (December 19, 2020). "Atlanta Eagle Gay Bar to Be Designated Historic Landmark, Saving it from Demolition". Towleroad. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  10. ^ Spivak, Caleb (October 11, 2020). "Longstanding Gay Bar Atlanta Eagle To Close In November, Plans To Reopen Elsewhere in 2021". What Now Atlanta. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  11. ^ Cheves, Alexander (2020-12-21). "COVID Won't Stop Atlanta's Most Iconic Leather Bar From Queering the South". Them. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  12. ^ "The Austin Eagle". The Austin Eagle. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  13. ^ Scott, James (2023-04-07). "Qmmunity: The Queer-ster Bunny". Austin Chronicle. Retrieved 2024-06-09.
  14. ^ Siddons, Edward (2018-10-04). "Why is the gay leather scene dying?". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  15. ^ Kaltenbach, Chris (October 1, 2019). "After closing three times, Baltimore Eagle reopens this month under its '90s-era founders". Baltimore Sun. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  16. ^ a b c d e f Bienvenu, Robert (1998). "Development of the Gay Leather style". The Development of Sadomasochism as a Cultural Style in the Twentieth-Century United States. Dissertation. pp. 220–273.
  17. ^ Forster, Tim (27 January 2017). "Montreal's Best LGBTQ Bars and Hangouts". Eater Montreal. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
  18. ^ Costa, Daniela (April 3, 2013). "The changing face of Toronto's Village". Xtra Magazine. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  19. ^ Drummer No. 27, p. 80
  20. ^ "Then & Now: Boots". Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History. 2014-12-03. Retrieved 2024-07-07.
  21. ^ Cite error: The named reference occupytampa.org was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Chains Köln 2001 – Chains 2001". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  23. ^ "After 44 years, Man's Country bathhouse closing with party - North". digitaledition.chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2024-07-05.
  24. ^ "The Chicago Eagle". Leather Archives & Museum.
  25. ^ "gingerman1963". gingerman1963. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  26. ^ "Cook Munich 2004 – Cook. Western Levi Leather". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  27. ^ "The Dallas Eagle". Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  28. ^ Nash, Tammye (2023-10-06). "Rumors confirmed: New Dallas Eagle to open Oct. 13". Dallas Voice. Retrieved 2024-06-09.
  29. ^ Chibbaro Jr., Lou (May 5, 2020). "DC Eagle to close for good". Washington Blade. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  30. ^ Guggenheim, R (November 28, 2022). "Denver Eagle Facebook page". Denver Eagle Facebook. Archived from the original on November 28, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
  31. ^ "Depot – Gay Cruising & Fetish Club". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  32. ^ Baldas, Tresa. "Photographer sues iconic Detroit gay bar over steamy photo used to promote military night". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on 2023-03-24. Retrieved 2023-05-15.
  33. ^ Drummer magazine No 145, p. 64
  34. ^ Nelson Jones, Diana (April 20, 2015). "Three years after closing, the Eagle on North Side remains empty". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  35. ^ "Fetish nights in Gay Village get green light after row over sex in 'darkrooms'". 2 March 2020. Archived from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  36. ^ Roggema, Paul (April 2, 2014). "Goed nieuws: Bear Pride groot succes". COC Nederland (in Dutch). Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  37. ^ "About the Houston Eagle". Eagle Houston. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  38. ^ Drummer magazine No. 145, p. 77
  39. ^ Scott, Henry (March 7, 2018). "Behind the Bar: An Interview with Eagle LA's Charlie Matula". Wehoville. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  40. ^ Cite error: The named reference London was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  41. ^ Tarbox, Chris (August 29, 2019). "Oh, He's A Jolly Good Eagle". Lavender Magazine. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  42. ^ "Eagle Munich – Eagle Munich". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  43. ^ Cite error: The named reference NBCNews was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  44. ^ Cite error: The named reference Portland was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  45. ^ "Facebook". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 2023-07-22. Retrieved 2023-02-11.
  46. ^ "Eagle Seoul 이글서울 : Most Kinky Nightlife in Itaewon". Gay Travel Seoul. 2023-02-08. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  47. ^ "Eagle Stuttgart" (in German). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  48. ^ "Eagle Tokyo". Time Out Tokyo. December 2017. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  49. ^ "Eagle Vienna". Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
  50. ^ "The Eagle Wilton Manors". Wilton Manors Eagle. Archived from the original on May 17, 2021. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
  51. ^ Cite error: The named reference :17 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  52. ^ a b Tetzner, Thomas (2024). Spielen am Rand. 60 Jahre Leben in der schwulen Leder- und Fetisch-Szene [Playing on the edge. 60 years of life in the gay leather and fetish scene] (in German) (1st ed.). Querverlag. ISBN 978-3896563453.
  53. ^ "Milwaukee Eagle / Shaft Club". History of Gay and Lesbian Life in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  54. ^ Moore, Patrick (2004). Beyond shame: reclaiming the abandoned history of radical gay sexuality. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-7956-0.
  55. ^ "Mineshaft – NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project". www.nyclgbtsites.org. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
  56. ^ "New Action Berlin 2006 – 14.05.06: 15 Jahre New Action". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  57. ^ "Die Münchner LGBTIQ*-Chronik". forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
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  59. ^ "Providence Eagle". providenceeagle.com. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  60. ^ "Providence Eagle on Instagram". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  61. ^ "Ramrod – NYC LGBT Historic Sites Project". www.nyclgbtsites.org. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  62. ^ "LGBTQ+ Friendly Bars, Clubs and Nightlife in San Diego". www.sandiego.org. San Diego Tourism Authority. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
  63. ^ Barmann, Jay (January 29, 2021). "SF Eagle Bar Passes First Hurdle Toward Landmark Status". SFist. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  64. ^ Barmann, Jay (2021-10-06). "SF Eagle in SOMA gets City Landmark Status". Hoodline San Francisco.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  65. ^ "Randy Henson's Brief History of The Seattle Eagle: Daring To Be Different For 35 Years – Seattle Gay Scene". Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  66. ^ Henson, Randy (June 27, 2015). "Randy Henson's Brief History of The Seattle Eagle: Daring To Be Different For 35 Years". Seattle Gay Scene. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved May 11, 2021.
  67. ^ "Spike München – Gay Bar And Smokers Club". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  68. ^ "Stiefelknecht – Leather". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  69. ^ Flanagan, Michael (2024-04-23). "The Stud's return: historic bar's triumphant third time's a charm". Bay Area Reporter.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  70. ^ "The Stud – Leather Levis Uniform Club". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.
  71. ^ "TOM'S Leather Bar". toms-mexico.com. Retrieved 2024-07-07.
  72. ^ "Tom of Finland". Toms Saloon Hamburg. Retrieved 2024-06-27.
  73. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rubin1998 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  74. ^ Drummer magazine No. 35, p.71
  75. ^ "Wildsau Zürich – Die spannendste Fetisch-Bar Zürichs". archiv.forummuenchen.org. Retrieved 2024-07-06.


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