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Theosophy is the body of belief which holds that all religions are attempts by man to ascertain "the Divine," and as such each have a portion of the truth. As stated by The Theosophical Society (http://www.ts-adyar.org/):


"Theosophy is the body of truths which forms the basis of all religions, and which cannot be claimed as the exclusive possession of any. It restores to the world the Science of the Spirit, teaching man to know the Spirit as himself and the mind and body as his servants. It illuminates the scriptures and doctrines of religions by unveiling their hidden meanings, and thus justifying them at the bar of intelligence, as they are ever justified in the eyes of intuition. It puts death in its rightful place, as a recurring incidence in an endless life, opening the gateway to a fuller and more radiant existence."


Briefly, Theosophists believe:


That Consciousness is Universal and Individual


"The universe is not just a place where nature's forces operate by chance. Every event that has happened from the beginning of time has happened according to certain laws inherent in the universe. These laws are the expression of a Consciousness. Everything that exists, from the electron to the largest star, is impregnated with Consciousness. This Fundamental Reality is so far beyond our grasp that sages and saints have called it by contradictory terms." God, Law, Heaven, the Great Architect, Evolution, and Logos are some of the terms used.


The Immortality of Man


"The nature of the Logos resides in every man and woman. We are not those bodies which perish; they are only garments which we wear for a while and cast aside. We are immortal souls. The perfection of Logos dwells in us also, for we live and move and have our being in Him. But we are unconscious of our Divine Nature, till we awaken to it."


Reincarnation


"It is to realize our true nature that we are born. Our birth is as the entrance into a workshop or laboratory, where by work we slowly unfold our faculties. But it is not possible to realize the Divine Nature in us by the experiences of one lifetime. So we reincarnate again and again. We enter into life, we are born, we grow, we act, we finish our work and we return. Our return is death. After a rest in heaven,...we are born again, more purified, stronger, wiser, to work again, so as to become more expert in thought and feeling and action. This is Reincarnation."


Karma


"As we live and act, sometimes we...do good and (sometimes)we do evil, guided by our altruism or our selfishness. When we do evil, we create discord in the universal harmony, and we must restore that harmony. The evil we did must be balanced by new good; the good we add must be reshaped to a more far-reaching good. This process of sowing and reaping is called Karma."


The Universal Brotherhood


"All souls are equal. In spite of every difference (of birth, capacity, and environment; of race, creed, sex...or colour; of goodness or wickedness) all people form an indivisible brotherhood. All of us, high or low, ignorant or wise, make a chain, and the stronger grow by helping the weaker. Brotherhood is the law of growth for all persons."


"This Brotherhood extends to all (animals, birds, and fishes, even the plants, mountains and seas). We grow by our unity with all things. The Divine Nature, which is latent in them as in us, helps our inherent Divinity to step forth in its beauty."


God's Plan: Evolution


"There are two eternal mysteries: the mystery of Logos and the mystery of Man. All that we postulate concerning Logos, of goodness, holiness, truth and beauty, resides in man. Religion, philosophy, science, the arts, commerce, industry, philanthropy,...are channels along which the Divine Nature descends to reveal its Beauty. And our human nature ascends to Divinity by growing in the virtues and capacities associated with these channels."


"Theosophy means the Wisdom of God. It is a statement of the modes of action of the Divine Mind. All our questions are solved when we understand 'God's Plan, which is Evolution.' This understanding is the heritage of every soul. But he will possess it only as he learns to be a brother to all that lives."


See also: Christian theosophy, Gnosticism