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{{rough translation|listed=yes|date=January 2015}}
{{rough translation|listed=yes|date=January 2015}}
{{refimprove|date=September 2011}}
{{refimprove|date=September 2011}}
'''Valmiki Caste''' is an [[Adivasi]] community of [[India]].<ref name="books.google.co.in">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=NogcAAAAMAAJ&hl=en|title=The Bhils A Study - Thakorlal Bharabhai Naik - Google Books|publisher=books.google.co.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>
'''Valmiki Caste''' is an [[Adivasi]] [[Community]] of [[India]].<ref name="books.google.co.in">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=NogcAAAAMAAJ&hl=en|title=The Bhils A Study - Thakorlal Bharabhai Naik - Google Books|publisher=books.google.co.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>
Adivasi is an [[umbrella term]] for a heterogeneous set of ethnic and tribal groups considered the [[Indigenous peoples|aboriginal]] population of [[India]].<ref name="loksabha1995">{{Citation | title=Lok Sabha Debates ser.10 Jun 41–42 1995 v.42 no.41-42 | publisher=Lok Sabha Secretariat, Parliament of India | year=1995 | accessdate=2008-11-25 | url=http://books.google.com/?id=EaRXAAAAMAAJ | quote=''... Adivasis are the aborigines of India ...''}}</ref><ref name="masani1985">{{Citation | title=Freedom and Dissent: Essays in Honour of Minoo Masani on His Eightieth Birthday | author=Minocheher Rustom Masani and Ramaswamy Srinivasan | publisher=Democratic Research Service | year=1985 | accessdate=2008-11-25 | url=http://books.google.com/?id=v861AAAAIAAJ | quote=''... The Adivasis are the original inhabitants of India. That is what Adivasi means: the original inhabitant. They were the people who were there before the Dravidians. The tribals are the Gonds, the Bhils, the Murias, the Nagas and a hundred more. ...''}}</ref><ref name="gandhi1968">{{Citation | title=The Selected Works of Mahatma Gandhi : Satyagraha in South Africa | author=Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi | publisher=Navajivan Publishing House | year=1968 | accessdate=2008-11-25 | url=http://books.google.com/?id=cApuAAAAMAAJ | quote=''... The Adivasis are the original inhabitants ...''}}</ref> They comprise a substantial [[indigenous peoples|indigenous]] minority of the population of [[India]]. The same term Adivasi is used for the ethnic minorities of [[Bangladesh]] and the native [[Vedda people]] of [[Sri Lanka]] ({{lang-si|ආදී වාස}}).<ref>http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=256768</ref>
Valmiki Caste is known as Boyar, Mudiraj, Nayakar, Nayaka, Naidu, Boya, Bhill, Balmiki, Valmiki, Rajput, Panwar, Talari, Besta, Bedar,<ref name="nayaka1">{{cite web|url=http://www.nayaka.in/|title=The Great Boya Valmiki Nayaka Emperors Nayaka is the honarary title of Boyar |publisher=Nayaka.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-04}}</ref> Koli, Kori, Kol,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.meghnet.in/2011/01/kolikori-of-india-we-call-them.html#!/2011/01/kolikori-of-india-we-call-them.html|title=Koli, Kori, Kol - Aboriginal tribes of India MEGHnet|publisher=www.meghnet.com|date=|accessdate=2015-01-06}}</ref> Kirat, Mahar, Muthuraja, Rajus, Koya, Bhoja, Bhoi, Gangawar, Gangaputra, Dorabidda, Pandu, Oddar, Vedar, Vettuvar, Vettaikarar, Patel, Pawar, Chola, Pandiya, Chera, Pallava, Dev, Kannadiyanayakan, Nayakkan, Panwar, Palayakarar, Palegar, Pillai, Mudaliyar, Kallar, Maravar, Devar, Kajal, Balija, Kample, Vettuva, Gounder, Kannadia, Okkaliga Gowder, Gawara, Chouhan, Parihar, Chalukkya, Kahar, Kohli, Bhil, Aryar, Ramoshi, Ramoshi, Nayak<ref name="nayaka1"/> and Hela<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/Hela+(caste)|title=Hela (caste)の意味 - 英和辞典 Weblio辞書|publisher=ejje.weblio.jp|date=2011-02-02|accessdate=2015-02-02}}</ref>

In India as in anywhere else, historically, professions were passed on from parents to children, thus a child born in Valmiki Caste family was forced into this profession mostly for economic reasons.

Efforts have been made to improve sanitation systems in India, including laws that ban the construction of dry toilets, and the manual removal of human waste. However some Valmiki Caste, found throughout India, continue to work in their traditional roles and they continue to face severe social barriers and discrimination. The Valmiki community includes a number of subdivisions such as the [[Hela (caste)|Hela]].


==Valmiki population in India==
==Valmiki population in India==


According to the Indian Census of 2001, the Hindu Valmikis formed 3.53% of the Punjab population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_punjab.pdf|title=http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_punjab.pdf|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref> Balmiki is the second largest caste belongs to SC in Delhi <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_delhi.pdf|title=http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_delhi.pdf|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</</ref> Naika alone constitute 84.3 percent of the ST population of the state Karnataka<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_karnataka.pdf|title=http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_karnataka.pdf|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>
The Balmiki are one of the largest socially stigmatized [[Dalit]] groups numbering nearly 1.5 million in Uttar Pradesh alone and constitute about 16% of India’s population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.peoplegroupsindia.com/profiles/balmiki |title=Balmiki - People Groups of India |publisher=Peoplegroupsindia.com |date= |accessdate=2015-01-04}}</ref>
According to the Indian Census, the Sikh Mazabhi of this caste are 9.98% of Punjab population, with Hindu Valmikis forming 3.53% of Punjab population.
Together, the parent this caste forms 13.52% of the Punjab's population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_punjab.pdf|title=http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_punjab.pdf|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref> Balmiki is the second largest caste belongs to SC in Delhi <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_delhi.pdf|title=http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_delhi.pdf|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</</ref> Naika alone constitute 84.3 percent of the ST population of the state Karnataka<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_karnataka.pdf|title=http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_karnataka.pdf|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>

==Karnataka Valmiki community==

Nayak is honorary and hereditary title of the Boya Caste People in India, the word boya spelled in few types, these words are Boyar,Boyer,Bhoya,Bhoyar,Bhoi,Boir and Bhoirs and they alias as Bedar, The Bedar means the hunters of mountaineers, so the mountaineers of boya people hold the hereditary title of Nayak. Madakari Nayaka or Madakari Nayaka IV was the last ruler of Chitradurga, India.(Chitradurga (' Spotted castle,' or 'Umbrella rock'). — Chief town of the District of Chitradurga, Mysore State; 126 miles north-west of Bangalore. Lat. 14 14' n., long. 76 26' e. Population (188 1) 4271. The modern town stands at the north-east base of a cluster of hills, covered with extensive fortifications. Many inscriptions have been found of the Chalukya, Ballala, and Vijayanagar dynasties. Local history commences with the family of the Chitaldrug palegdrs, who trace back to the 15th century.Their hereditary title was Nayak, and they claimed descent from the Bedar or Boya caste of hunters and mountaineers. They gradually extended their power on ail sides until they came into collision with Haidar Ali, who captured Chitaldrug in 1779

Naik:— The word Naik (Nayaka, a leader or chief) is used, by the older writers on Southern India, in several senses.

1.The Native captain or headman.

2.A title of honour among Hindus in the Deccan.

3.The general name of the kings of Vijayanagara, and of the Lords of Madura and other places.

Naidu or Nayudu is a title of caste in India, returned at times of census by many Telugu classes, of Balija, Bestha, Boya, Ekari, Gavara, Golla, [[Kalingi]], Kapu, Mutracha, and Velama. In Tamil Nadu, A Tamilian, when speaking of a Telugu person bearing this title, would call him Naicker or Naickan instead of Naidu.

The Telugu people in Tamil Nadu and other regions are Balija, Boya, Ekari, Golla, Kavarai, Muttiriyan, Odde, Tottiyan, and Uppiliyan <ref name="nayaka1"/>

Boyar,Kohrya and Kawara(Gavara) belongs to Kohli

==Notables of Valmiki Community==
*Maharshi [[Valmiki]], Kirata Bhil, composed the [[Ramayana]]<ref name="books.google.co.in"/> He is considered to be an avatar in the Balmiki community.
*[[Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar]], Dr.B.R.Ambedkar was Mahar and it is a sub section of Boya community <ref name="nayaka1"/>
*[[Timmanna Nayaka]],A chieftain from Matti,He ruled areas covering [[Davangere district]] and [[Chitradurga district]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://barry-lewis.com/research/chitradurga|title=Chitradurga Nayakas Barry Lewis|publisher=barry-lewis.com|date=|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>
*[[Onake Obavva]], wife of a brave soldier who fought the forces of Hyder Alisingle-handedly with a pestle(Onake)<ref name="jasmine">{{cite book |last1= Cathy Spagnoli |first1=Paramasivam Samanna |title=Jasmine and Coconuts: South Indian Tales |url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=6_Aci8KA7JEC&pg=PA112&lpg=PA112&dq=obavva&source=bl&ots=SHCwWbx-Gk&sig=CNHkfJspSg9H9VO7Eal3yceUmTY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=T7VNUJGtGcOtrAe184H4BQ&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=obavva&f=false |accessdate=10 September 2012 |edition=1999 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|location=Englewood,USA |language= |isbn=9781563085765 |oclc= |doi= |id= |page= |pages= |chapter= |chapterurl= |quote= |ref= |bibcode= |laysummary= |laydate= |separator= |postscript= |lastauthoramp=}}</ref>
*[[Sardar Buta Singh]], MP in parliament,'Punjab' and 'Union Minister' of home affairs<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/sardar-buta-singh |title=Sardar Buta Singh: Information from |publisher=Answers.com |date= |accessdate=2015-01-04}}</ref>
*[[Yuvraj Valmiki]], Indian [[field hockey]] player
* [[Kamlesh Balmiki]], former MP from [[Bulandshahr (Lok Sabha constituency)]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=4270 |title=Lok Sabha |publisher=164.100.47.132 |date=2009-08-31 |accessdate=2015-01-03}}</ref>
* [[Om Prakash Valmiki]], writer
* [[Suraj Pal Chauhan]], writer
* [[Dev Kumar]], writer & dramatist<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ff1.dalitresourcecentre.com/dev-kumar/ |title=Dev Kumar « Dalit Resource Centre |publisher=Ff1.dalitresourcecentre.com |date= |accessdate=2015-01-03}}</ref>
* [[Prempal Goel]],Prempal Goel is from Balmiki Community fighting for Rights of Dalit-Balmiki Community & Downtrodden people.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 15:36, 28 March 2015

Valmiki Caste is an Adivasi Community of India.[1] Adivasi is an umbrella term for a heterogeneous set of ethnic and tribal groups considered the aboriginal population of India.[2][3][4] They comprise a substantial indigenous minority of the population of India. The same term Adivasi is used for the ethnic minorities of Bangladesh and the native Vedda people of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ආදී වාස).[5] Valmiki Caste is known as Boyar, Mudiraj, Nayakar, Nayaka, Naidu, Boya, Bhill, Balmiki, Valmiki, Rajput, Panwar, Talari, Besta, Bedar,[6] Koli, Kori, Kol,[7] Kirat, Mahar, Muthuraja, Rajus, Koya, Bhoja, Bhoi, Gangawar, Gangaputra, Dorabidda, Pandu, Oddar, Vedar, Vettuvar, Vettaikarar, Patel, Pawar, Chola, Pandiya, Chera, Pallava, Dev, Kannadiyanayakan, Nayakkan, Panwar, Palayakarar, Palegar, Pillai, Mudaliyar, Kallar, Maravar, Devar, Kajal, Balija, Kample, Vettuva, Gounder, Kannadia, Okkaliga Gowder, Gawara, Chouhan, Parihar, Chalukkya, Kahar, Kohli, Bhil, Aryar, Ramoshi, Ramoshi, Nayak[6] and Hela[8]

In India as in anywhere else, historically, professions were passed on from parents to children, thus a child born in Valmiki Caste family was forced into this profession mostly for economic reasons.

Efforts have been made to improve sanitation systems in India, including laws that ban the construction of dry toilets, and the manual removal of human waste. However some Valmiki Caste, found throughout India, continue to work in their traditional roles and they continue to face severe social barriers and discrimination. The Valmiki community includes a number of subdivisions such as the Hela.

Valmiki population in India

The Balmiki are one of the largest socially stigmatized Dalit groups numbering nearly 1.5 million in Uttar Pradesh alone and constitute about 16% of India’s population.[9] According to the Indian Census, the Sikh Mazabhi of this caste are 9.98% of Punjab population, with Hindu Valmikis forming 3.53% of Punjab population. Together, the parent this caste forms 13.52% of the Punjab's population.[10] Balmiki is the second largest caste belongs to SC in Delhi [11] Naika alone constitute 84.3 percent of the ST population of the state Karnataka[12]

Karnataka Valmiki community

Nayak is honorary and hereditary title of the Boya Caste People in India, the word boya spelled in few types, these words are Boyar,Boyer,Bhoya,Bhoyar,Bhoi,Boir and Bhoirs and they alias as Bedar, The Bedar means the hunters of mountaineers, so the mountaineers of boya people hold the hereditary title of Nayak. Madakari Nayaka or Madakari Nayaka IV was the last ruler of Chitradurga, India.(Chitradurga (' Spotted castle,' or 'Umbrella rock'). — Chief town of the District of Chitradurga, Mysore State; 126 miles north-west of Bangalore. Lat. 14 14' n., long. 76 26' e. Population (188 1) 4271. The modern town stands at the north-east base of a cluster of hills, covered with extensive fortifications. Many inscriptions have been found of the Chalukya, Ballala, and Vijayanagar dynasties. Local history commences with the family of the Chitaldrug palegdrs, who trace back to the 15th century.Their hereditary title was Nayak, and they claimed descent from the Bedar or Boya caste of hunters and mountaineers. They gradually extended their power on ail sides until they came into collision with Haidar Ali, who captured Chitaldrug in 1779

Naik:— The word Naik (Nayaka, a leader or chief) is used, by the older writers on Southern India, in several senses.

1.The Native captain or headman.

2.A title of honour among Hindus in the Deccan.

3.The general name of the kings of Vijayanagara, and of the Lords of Madura and other places.

Naidu or Nayudu is a title of caste in India, returned at times of census by many Telugu classes, of Balija, Bestha, Boya, Ekari, Gavara, Golla, Kalingi, Kapu, Mutracha, and Velama. In Tamil Nadu, A Tamilian, when speaking of a Telugu person bearing this title, would call him Naicker or Naickan instead of Naidu.

The Telugu people in Tamil Nadu and other regions are Balija, Boya, Ekari, Golla, Kavarai, Muttiriyan, Odde, Tottiyan, and Uppiliyan [6]

Boyar,Kohrya and Kawara(Gavara) belongs to Kohli

Notables of Valmiki Community

References

  1. ^ a b The Bhils A Study - Thakorlal Bharabhai Naik - Google Books. books.google.co.in. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  2. ^ Lok Sabha Debates ser.10 Jun 41–42 1995 v.42 no.41-42, Lok Sabha Secretariat, Parliament of India, 1995, retrieved 2008-11-25, ... Adivasis are the aborigines of India ...
  3. ^ Minocheher Rustom Masani and Ramaswamy Srinivasan (1985), Freedom and Dissent: Essays in Honour of Minoo Masani on His Eightieth Birthday, Democratic Research Service, retrieved 2008-11-25, ... The Adivasis are the original inhabitants of India. That is what Adivasi means: the original inhabitant. They were the people who were there before the Dravidians. The tribals are the Gonds, the Bhils, the Murias, the Nagas and a hundred more. ...
  4. ^ Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1968), The Selected Works of Mahatma Gandhi : Satyagraha in South Africa, Navajivan Publishing House, retrieved 2008-11-25, ... The Adivasis are the original inhabitants ...
  5. ^ http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=256768
  6. ^ a b c d "The Great Boya Valmiki Nayaka Emperors Nayaka is the honarary title of Boyar". Nayaka.in. Retrieved 2015-01-04.
  7. ^ "Koli, Kori, Kol - Aboriginal tribes of India MEGHnet". www.meghnet.com. Retrieved 2015-01-06.
  8. ^ "Hela (caste)の意味 - 英和辞典 Weblio辞書". ejje.weblio.jp. 2011-02-02. Retrieved 2015-02-02.
  9. ^ "Balmiki - People Groups of India". Peoplegroupsindia.com. Retrieved 2015-01-04.
  10. ^ "http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_punjab.pdf" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  11. ^ "http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_delhi.pdf" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2015-01-05.</
  12. ^ "http--www.censusindia.gov.in-Tables_Published-SCST-dh_sc_karnataka.pdf" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  13. ^ "Chitradurga Nayakas Barry Lewis". barry-lewis.com. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  14. ^ Cathy Spagnoli, Paramasivam Samanna. Jasmine and Coconuts: South Indian Tales (1999 ed.). Englewood,USA: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9781563085765. Retrieved 10 September 2012. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lastauthoramp=, |chapterurl=, |laydate=, |laysummary=, and |separator= (help)
  15. ^ "Sardar Buta Singh: Information from". Answers.com. Retrieved 2015-01-04.
  16. ^ "Lok Sabha". 164.100.47.132. 2009-08-31. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
  17. ^ "Dev Kumar « Dalit Resource Centre". Ff1.dalitresourcecentre.com. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
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