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[[File:Dee Jay concept.png|upright|thumb|left|A sketch of Dee Jay drawn by James Goddard]]
[[File:Dee Jay concept.png|upright|thumb|left|A sketch of Dee Jay drawn by James Goddard]]


Dee Jay was conceived for ''Super Street Fighter II'' by American designer James Goddard, and is one of three characters in the series to have been conceived by an American, along with Blade and Captain Sawada. While ''Super Street Fighter II'' was going to feature [[Cammy]], [[T. Hawk]], and two brothers who had the same design save for a [[head swap]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=All About Capcom Head-to-Head Fighting Games|author=Studio Bent Stuff|language=ja|page=.pg.275}}</ref> Goddard felt that it would be redundant to have another pair of characters with the same fighting style. As a result, Capcom added Dee Jay in place of one of the brothers, while the other evolved into [[Fei Long]]. The Japanese team asked Goddard for any more ideas for Dee Jay, which Goddard replied by suggesting [[kickboxer]] [[Billy Blanks]]. He commented that "a really kick-ass black character would be awesome, instead of someone who was more negative, which is what you tended to see from the Japanese back in those days." In spite of the fact that Blanks is a bad guy in the film which he saw him in, ''[[The King of the Kickboxers]]'', he states "his build and look, I just thought that it would make a great character --high-flying, crazy kicks... I mean, you have to remember, this was Billy Blanks pre-'Tae Bo.' He was so bad-ass." He began designing Dee Jay by drawing a sketch of him and sending it to the Japanese team. He sent the film ''The King of the Kickboxers''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capcom-unity.com/kramez/blog/2009/10/02/the_origin_of_dee_jay_straight_from_creator_james_goddard|title=The origin of Dee Jay, straight from creator James Goddard}}</ref> by copying a [[VHS]] tape and sending it through [[FedEx]]. He designed him as a "positive, fun character," implementing elements such as him being Jamaican, a "fun-loving guy," and a person who is trying to "jump-start his music career while kicking a lot of ass." While the design on his pants originally said "MANTIS," but was changed to say "MAXIMUM."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespy.com/articles/954/954328p1.html |title=Fighting Spirits: The Men Behind the Combos - Page 1 |publisher=GameSpy |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> This was because his sprite facing left was a mirror image of his sprite facing right, and the N and S in "MANTIS" would be reversed on the left sprite. {{Clear}}
Dee Jay was conceived for ''Super Street Fighter II'' by American designer James Goddard, and whose name was chosen as a variant on Goddard's name.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Henderstot|first=Steve|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=NWY9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA140&dq=%22Dee+Jay%22+%22street+fighter%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiMvePgzIDuAhXEUt8KHRCYC6MQ6AEwAXoECAYQAg#v=onepage&q=%22Dee%20Jay%22%20%22street%20fighter%22&f=false|title=Undisputed Street Fighter: The Art And Innovation Behind The Game-Changing Series|last2=Lapetino|first2=Tim|date=2017-11-15|publisher=Dynamite Entertainment|isbn=978-1-5241-0469-6|language=en}}</ref> He is one of only three characters in the series to have been conceived by an American, along with Blade and Captain Sawada. While ''Super Street Fighter II'' was going to feature [[Cammy]], [[T. Hawk]], and two brothers who had the same design save for a [[head swap]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=All About Capcom Head-to-Head Fighting Games|author=Studio Bent Stuff|language=ja|page=.pg.275}}</ref> Goddard felt that it would be redundant to have another pair of characters with the same fighting style. As a result, Capcom added Dee Jay in place of one of the brothers, while the other evolved into [[Fei Long]].<ref name=":1" />
The character concept came from interpreting [[kickboxer]] [[Billy Blanks]] from his role in ''[[The King of the Kickboxers|The King of the Kickboxers,]]'' but with a more cheerful disposition.<ref name=":0" /> Goddard suggested Blanks as an inspiration when the Japanese team asked for more design ideas. Goddard commented that "a really kick-ass black character would be awesome, instead of someone who was more negative, which is what you tended to see from the Japanese back in those days." In spite of the fact that Blanks is a bad guy in the film which he saw him in, ''[[The King of the Kickboxers]]'', he states "his build and look, I just thought that it would make a great character --high-flying, crazy kicks... I mean, you have to remember, this was Billy Blanks pre-'Tae Bo.' He was so bad-ass." He began designing Dee Jay by drawing a sketch of him and sending it to the Japanese team. He sent the film ''The King of the Kickboxers''<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://www.capcom-unity.com/kramez/blog/2009/10/02/the_origin_of_dee_jay_straight_from_creator_james_goddard|title=The origin of Dee Jay, straight from creator James Goddard}}</ref> by copying a [[VHS]] tape and sending it through [[FedEx]]. He designed him as a "positive, fun character," implementing elements such as him being Jamaican, a "fun-loving guy," and a person who is trying to "jump-start his music career while kicking a lot of ass."<ref name=":2" /> While the design on his pants originally said "MANTIS," but was changed to say "MAXIMUM."<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespy.com/articles/954/954328p1.html |title=Fighting Spirits: The Men Behind the Combos - Page 1 |publisher=GameSpy |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> This was because his sprite facing left was a mirror image of his sprite facing right, and the N and S in "MANTIS" would be reversed on the left sprite.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}} As one of the only characters to be created by an American designer'', Street Fighter'' co-creator Akira Nishitani commented that he only learned the story behind the character's creation decades after.<ref name=":0" /> {{Clear}}


==Reception==
==Reception==
Dee Jay has received mixed reception. ''[[Rocky Mountain News]]'' described Dee Jay as "a flashy [[rapper]]-type, and probably the best of the new four" characters introduced in ''Super Street Fighter II''.<ref>Williamson, Matt (29 October 1993). "STREET FIGHTERS DOWN FOR THE COUNT", Rocky Mountain News. Retrieved on 18 December 2008</ref> [[GameDaily]] listed him at number seventeen on their "Top 20 Street Fighter Characters of All Time" article, noting the strength of his fighting style in game.<ref>[http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-20-street-fighter-characters-of-all-time/?page=4 Top 20 Street Fighter Characters of All Time]. [[GameDaily]]. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.</ref> In discussing the final character reveals of ''Street Fighter IV'', [[Crave Online]] commented that they would have preferred Dee Jay.<ref>{{cite web |last=Maddox |first=Dante |url=http://www.craveonline.com/gaming/article/final-five-street-fighter-iv-characters-revealed-72607 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120728185011/http://www.craveonline.com/gaming/article/final-five-street-fighter-iv-characters-revealed-72607 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-28 |title=Final Five Street Fighter IV Characters Revealed! |publisher=CraveOnline.com |access-date=2010-09-03 }}</ref> [[Allgame]] editor Matthew House described Dee Jay as "widely missed."<ref>{{cite web|last=House |first=Matthew |url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=17059&tab=review |title=Street Fighter Alpha 3 - Review |publisher=allgame |date=5 May 1999 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> [[IGN]] editor Jesse Schedeen criticized his inclusion in the film, stating that he "seemed included merely for comic relief."<ref>{{cite web|last=Schedeen |first=Jesse |url=http://stars.ign.com/articles/922/922223p2.html |title=Videogame Heroes Report Card - Stars Feature at IGN |publisher=Stars.ign.com |date=7 July 2010 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> Bitmob editor Brian Shirk included Dee Jay in his analysis of racial stereotypes, commenting that his appearance "immediately brings to mind the word "savage.""<ref>{{cite web |last=Hoadley |first=Chris |url=http://www.bitmob.com/articles/racial-stereotypes-in-video-games-how-do-we-change-them |title=Racial Stereotypes in Video Games: How Do We Change Them? |publisher=Bitmob.com |access-date=2010-09-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125200631/http://bitmob.com/articles/racial-stereotypes-in-video-games-how-do-we-change-them |archive-date=25 November 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Professional ''Street Fighter'' player [[Justin Wong]] said that Dee Jay impressed him "as a character more than Juri because they actually gave him a lot of tools in this game to make him really good." He commented that while he did not like him in ''Super Street Fighter II'', he liked him in ''Super Street Fighter IV'' "because the style he had in the other game was as a ''Street Fighter IV'' character."<ref>{{cite web|last=Thomsen |first=Michael |url=http://ps3.ign.com/articles/103/1038528p1.html |title=Super Street Fighter IV In-Depth - PlayStation 3 Preview at IGN |publisher=Ps3.ign.com |date=23 October 2009 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> Fellow professional ''Street Fighter'' player Keith Stuart listed him as his second favourite ''Street Fighter'' character and praised his ''[[Super Street Fighter II Turbo]]'' incarnation, while also praising him for being "a really positive, happy character."<ref>{{cite web|last=Stuart |first=Keith |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2010/apr/30/games-playstation |title=Ryan Hart's Top 20 Street Fighter characters - Part 2 &#124; Technology &#124; guardian.co.uk |publisher=Guardian |date=30 April 2010 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> IGN UK editor Martin Robinson, in discussing the Dee Jay, [[T. Hawk]], and [[Juri (Street Fighter)|Juri]], stated that "all three of which we've played and all three of which we're already in love with."<ref>{{cite web|last=Robinson |first=Martin |url=http://ps3.ign.com/articles/104/1049825p1.html |title=Five Fighters We Want in Super Street Fighter IV - PlayStation 3 Feature at IGN |publisher=Ps3.ign.com |date=25 November 2009 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> [[1UP.com]] criticized ''Super Street Fighter II'', commenting that Capcom had overestimated demand for such a game. They described Dee Jay as a "loser."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3134279 |title=The Essential 50 Part 32: Street Fighter II from |publisher=1UP.com |access-date=2010-09-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100116153054/http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3134279 |archive-date=16 January 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> In discussing ''Super Street Fighter II'', [[Giant Bomb]] editor [[Jeff Gerstmann]] commented that "I did my best to basically pretend he didn't exist," stating that the "real stars" of the game were Fei-Long and Cammy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.giantbomb.com/super-street-fighter-iv/61-28437/super-street-fighter-iv-hands-on/35-272027/ |title=Super Street Fighter IV Hands-On |publisher=Giant Bomb |date=16 November 2009 |access-date=2012-08-28}}</ref>
Dee Jay has received mixed reception. ''[[Rocky Mountain News]]'' described Dee Jay as "a flashy [[rapper]]-type, and probably the best of the new four" characters introduced in ''Super Street Fighter II''.<ref>Williamson, Matt (29 October 1993). "STREET FIGHTERS DOWN FOR THE COUNT", Rocky Mountain News. Retrieved on 18 December 2008</ref> [[GameDaily]] listed him at number seventeen on their "Top 20 Street Fighter Characters of All Time" article, noting the strength of his fighting style in game.<ref>[http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-20-street-fighter-characters-of-all-time/?page=4 Top 20 Street Fighter Characters of All Time]. [[GameDaily]]. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.</ref> In discussing the final character reveals of ''Street Fighter IV'', [[Crave Online]] commented that they would have preferred Dee Jay.<ref>{{cite web |last=Maddox |first=Dante |url=http://www.craveonline.com/gaming/article/final-five-street-fighter-iv-characters-revealed-72607 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120728185011/http://www.craveonline.com/gaming/article/final-five-street-fighter-iv-characters-revealed-72607 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-28 |title=Final Five Street Fighter IV Characters Revealed! |publisher=CraveOnline.com |access-date=2010-09-03 }}</ref> [[Allgame]] editor Matthew House described Dee Jay as "widely missed."<ref>{{cite web|last=House |first=Matthew |url=http://www.allgame.com/game.php?id=17059&tab=review |title=Street Fighter Alpha 3 - Review |publisher=allgame |date=5 May 1999 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> [[IGN]] editor Jesse Schedeen criticized his inclusion in the film, stating that he "seemed included merely for comic relief."<ref>{{cite web|last=Schedeen |first=Jesse |url=http://stars.ign.com/articles/922/922223p2.html |title=Videogame Heroes Report Card - Stars Feature at IGN |publisher=Stars.ign.com |date=7 July 2010 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> Professional ''Street Fighter'' player [[Justin Wong]] said that Dee Jay impressed him "as a character more than Juri because they actually gave him a lot of tools in this game to make him really good." He commented that while he did not like him in ''Super Street Fighter II'', he liked him in ''Super Street Fighter IV'' "because the style he had in the other game was as a ''Street Fighter IV'' character."<ref>{{cite web|last=Thomsen |first=Michael |url=http://ps3.ign.com/articles/103/1038528p1.html |title=Super Street Fighter IV In-Depth - PlayStation 3 Preview at IGN |publisher=Ps3.ign.com |date=23 October 2009 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> Fellow professional ''Street Fighter'' player Keith Stuart listed him as his second favourite ''Street Fighter'' character and praised his ''[[Super Street Fighter II Turbo]]'' incarnation, while also praising him for being "a really positive, happy character."<ref>{{cite web|last=Stuart |first=Keith |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/gamesblog/2010/apr/30/games-playstation |title=Ryan Hart's Top 20 Street Fighter characters - Part 2 &#124; Technology &#124; guardian.co.uk |publisher=Guardian |date=30 April 2010 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> IGN UK editor Martin Robinson, in discussing the Dee Jay, [[T. Hawk]], and [[Juri (Street Fighter)|Juri]], stated that "all three of which we've played and all three of which we're already in love with."<ref>{{cite web|last=Robinson |first=Martin |url=http://ps3.ign.com/articles/104/1049825p1.html |title=Five Fighters We Want in Super Street Fighter IV - PlayStation 3 Feature at IGN |publisher=Ps3.ign.com |date=25 November 2009 |access-date=2010-09-03}}</ref> [[1UP.com]] criticized ''Super Street Fighter II'', commenting that Capcom had overestimated demand for such a game. They described Dee Jay as a "loser."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3134279 |title=The Essential 50 Part 32: Street Fighter II from |publisher=1UP.com |access-date=2010-09-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100116153054/http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3134279 |archive-date=16 January 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> In discussing ''Super Street Fighter II'', [[Giant Bomb]] editor [[Jeff Gerstmann]] commented that "I did my best to basically pretend he didn't exist," stating that the "real stars" of the game were Fei-Long and Cammy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.giantbomb.com/super-street-fighter-iv/61-28437/super-street-fighter-iv-hands-on/35-272027/ |title=Super Street Fighter IV Hands-On |publisher=Giant Bomb |date=16 November 2009 |access-date=2012-08-28}}</ref>

Dee Jay has been examined as a [[Race and video games|representation]] of [[List of black video game characters|black characters in games]]. Kishonna Gray writes about Dee Jay in the book ''Race, Gender, and Deviance in Xbox Live'', suggesting that Dee Jay is depicted as a "monstrous [[Othering|other]]" by his character design, as opposed to the more heroic features of the Japanese and American characters.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gray|first=Kishonna L.|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=HgvUAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA26&dq=%22Dee+Jay%22+%22street+fighter%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiMvePgzIDuAhXEUt8KHRCYC6MQ6AEwCHoECAEQAg#v=onepage&q=%22Dee%20Jay%22%20%22street%20fighter%22&f=false|title=Race, Gender, and Deviance in Xbox Live: Theoretical Perspectives from the Virtual Margins|date=2014-03-21|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-323-29625-0|language=en}}</ref> Eurogamer notes that Dee Jay was one of only three black video game characters in the early 1990s, saying "the representation of black characters in the '90s seemed to get worse, with odd creative choices by developers and straight up laughable attempts at diversity, including a personal favourite, Dee Jay."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mellor|first=Calypso|date=2019-06-28|title=Apex Legends' diverse cast is great for the present, but E3 left me excited for the future|url=https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2019-06-28-apex-legends-diverse-cast-is-great-for-the-present-but-e3-left-me-excited-for-the-future|access-date=2021-01-03|website=Eurogamer|language=en}}</ref> Kotaku raises Dee Jay as one of the few black characters in games from this time, as part of "a whole parade of hot-tempered brawn-centric bruisers and slangtastic slicksters have appeared in fighting game series ... all clearly meant to convey a ‘hip’ urban lifestyle in the broadest of strokes."<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Natural: The Trouble Portraying Blackness in Video Games|url=https://kotaku.com/the-natural-the-trouble-portraying-blackness-in-video-1736504384|access-date=2021-01-03|website=Kotaku|language=en-us}}</ref> Bitmob editor Brian Shirk mentions Dee Jay among ''Street Fighter''<nowiki/>'s "most offensive stereotypes" reserved for poorer nations that had been colonized, commenting that his appearance "brings to mind the word "savage" that was typical of depictions of [[African-American representation in Hollywood|black people in early film]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Hoadley|first=Chris|title=Racial Stereotypes in Video Games: How Do We Change Them?|url=http://www.bitmob.com/articles/racial-stereotypes-in-video-games-how-do-we-change-them|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125200631/http://bitmob.com/articles/racial-stereotypes-in-video-games-how-do-we-change-them|archive-date=25 November 2010|access-date=2010-09-03|publisher=Bitmob.com|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:05, 3 January 2021

For other uses, see Deejay (disambiguation).

Dee Jay
Street Fighter character
Dee Jay in Super Street Fighter II, as drawn by Bengus
First appearanceSuper Street Fighter II (1993)
Last appearanceStreet Fighter IV (2008)
Designed byJames Goddard
Portrayed byMiguel A. Núñez Jr.
Voiced by
In-universe information
OccupationKickboxer
Musician
Fighting styleKickboxing
Karateka
OriginJamaica
NationalityJamaican

Dee Jay (Japanese: ディージェイ, Hepburn: Dī Jei) is a fictional character in the Street Fighter series. He made his first appearance in the 1993's Super Street Fighter II as one of the four new characters introduced in the game. In the series, he is a Jamaican kickboxer and karateka, as well as a recording artist and breakdancer. He was the only character at the time to be designed by an American. Dee Jay was based on real-life kickboxer Billy Blanks and has received mixed critical reception.

Appearances

Dee Jay made his debut in Super Street Fighter II (1993) as one of the four new characters introduced in the game in addition to the original twelve character roster from previous Street Fighter II games. He enters the World Warrior tournament, seeking inspiration to develop a new musical sound. Dee Jay reappears as a playable character in the console versions of Street Fighter Alpha 3 (1998) and in the console version of Street Fighter: The Movie. The game is set before the World Warrior tournament and depicts Dee Jay before he began his professional music career. While he was not included in Street Fighter IV, development of his character for its sequel, Super Street Fighter IV, had commenced during the former game's development.[1] Audio files of the announcer from Street Fighter IV announcing Dee Jay were found amongst the game's audio files.[2] He was revealed along with T. Hawk, who also originated from Super Street Fighter II, and Juri, a character created for Street Fighter IV. In Super Street Fighter II, Dee Jay has a manager named Rick, while in Street Fighter Alpha 3 he has an agent named Bob.[3]

One of the trailers of Street Fighter X Tekken showed parts of Dee Jay that resembles him. However he did not make it to the final roster. Instead, his appearance served as a swap costume for Hwoarang.

In other media

Dee Jay plays a minor role in Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie. Here, he beats up a few punks causing trouble at a nightclub before being warned by Guile and Chun-Li that he is being monitored by Shadaloo, which he does not believe until Chun-Li destroys one of their cyborgs in front of him. He was voiced by Ginzo Matsuo in Japanese and Beau Billingslea (credited as John Hammond) in English.

In the 1994 live-action film version of Street Fighter, Dee Jay was portrayed by Miguel A. Núñez, Jr. as one of the primary antagonists. He is depicted as a greedy hacker and engineer working for General M. Bison. In the film's climax, Dee Jay flees from Bison's base with a trunk of Bison's money instead of staying to fight, only to find it full of useless "Bison Dollars" that Bison had planned to issue as currency once he took over the world. He is also seen telling Zangief that Bison is the true enemy and had been using them both since his rise to crime power (though he had paid Dee Jay well while paying Zangief nothing). This version of Dee Jay appears in the console version of the Street Fighter: The Movie video game, and serves as the second of the four Grand Masters in the Street Battle mode (along with Zangief, Sagat and Bison).

UDON's line of Street Fighter comics gives Dee Jay a minor role as a brainwashed agent of Shadaloo who breaks into MI5's Delta Red headquarters (along with other Doll agents) and frees a captured Doll agent from their custody. He is captured during the raid and his mind is restored with the help of Delta Red.

Character design

File:Dee Jay concept.png
A sketch of Dee Jay drawn by James Goddard

Dee Jay was conceived for Super Street Fighter II by American designer James Goddard, and whose name was chosen as a variant on Goddard's name.[4] He is one of only three characters in the series to have been conceived by an American, along with Blade and Captain Sawada. While Super Street Fighter II was going to feature Cammy, T. Hawk, and two brothers who had the same design save for a head swap,[5] Goddard felt that it would be redundant to have another pair of characters with the same fighting style. As a result, Capcom added Dee Jay in place of one of the brothers, while the other evolved into Fei Long.[6]

The character concept came from interpreting kickboxer Billy Blanks from his role in The King of the Kickboxers, but with a more cheerful disposition.[4] Goddard suggested Blanks as an inspiration when the Japanese team asked for more design ideas. Goddard commented that "a really kick-ass black character would be awesome, instead of someone who was more negative, which is what you tended to see from the Japanese back in those days." In spite of the fact that Blanks is a bad guy in the film which he saw him in, The King of the Kickboxers, he states "his build and look, I just thought that it would make a great character --high-flying, crazy kicks... I mean, you have to remember, this was Billy Blanks pre-'Tae Bo.' He was so bad-ass." He began designing Dee Jay by drawing a sketch of him and sending it to the Japanese team. He sent the film The King of the Kickboxers[6] by copying a VHS tape and sending it through FedEx. He designed him as a "positive, fun character," implementing elements such as him being Jamaican, a "fun-loving guy," and a person who is trying to "jump-start his music career while kicking a lot of ass."[7] While the design on his pants originally said "MANTIS," but was changed to say "MAXIMUM."[7] This was because his sprite facing left was a mirror image of his sprite facing right, and the N and S in "MANTIS" would be reversed on the left sprite.[citation needed] As one of the only characters to be created by an American designer, Street Fighter co-creator Akira Nishitani commented that he only learned the story behind the character's creation decades after.[4]

Reception

Dee Jay has received mixed reception. Rocky Mountain News described Dee Jay as "a flashy rapper-type, and probably the best of the new four" characters introduced in Super Street Fighter II.[8] GameDaily listed him at number seventeen on their "Top 20 Street Fighter Characters of All Time" article, noting the strength of his fighting style in game.[9] In discussing the final character reveals of Street Fighter IV, Crave Online commented that they would have preferred Dee Jay.[10] Allgame editor Matthew House described Dee Jay as "widely missed."[11] IGN editor Jesse Schedeen criticized his inclusion in the film, stating that he "seemed included merely for comic relief."[12] Professional Street Fighter player Justin Wong said that Dee Jay impressed him "as a character more than Juri because they actually gave him a lot of tools in this game to make him really good." He commented that while he did not like him in Super Street Fighter II, he liked him in Super Street Fighter IV "because the style he had in the other game was as a Street Fighter IV character."[13] Fellow professional Street Fighter player Keith Stuart listed him as his second favourite Street Fighter character and praised his Super Street Fighter II Turbo incarnation, while also praising him for being "a really positive, happy character."[14] IGN UK editor Martin Robinson, in discussing the Dee Jay, T. Hawk, and Juri, stated that "all three of which we've played and all three of which we're already in love with."[15] 1UP.com criticized Super Street Fighter II, commenting that Capcom had overestimated demand for such a game. They described Dee Jay as a "loser."[16] In discussing Super Street Fighter II, Giant Bomb editor Jeff Gerstmann commented that "I did my best to basically pretend he didn't exist," stating that the "real stars" of the game were Fei-Long and Cammy.[17]

Dee Jay has been examined as a representation of black characters in games. Kishonna Gray writes about Dee Jay in the book Race, Gender, and Deviance in Xbox Live, suggesting that Dee Jay is depicted as a "monstrous other" by his character design, as opposed to the more heroic features of the Japanese and American characters.[18] Eurogamer notes that Dee Jay was one of only three black video game characters in the early 1990s, saying "the representation of black characters in the '90s seemed to get worse, with odd creative choices by developers and straight up laughable attempts at diversity, including a personal favourite, Dee Jay."[19] Kotaku raises Dee Jay as one of the few black characters in games from this time, as part of "a whole parade of hot-tempered brawn-centric bruisers and slangtastic slicksters have appeared in fighting game series ... all clearly meant to convey a ‘hip’ urban lifestyle in the broadest of strokes."[20] Bitmob editor Brian Shirk mentions Dee Jay among Street Fighter's "most offensive stereotypes" reserved for poorer nations that had been colonized, commenting that his appearance "brings to mind the word "savage" that was typical of depictions of black people in early film.[21]

References

  1. ^ "Super Street Fighter IV Q&A - Xbox 360 Previews at GameSpot". Gamespot.com. 27 April 2010. Archived from the original on 23 January 2013. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  2. ^ "Dee Jay And T. Hawk Coming To Street Fighter IV?".
  3. ^ Street Fighter Alpha 3 game end sequence, Capcom, 1998.
  4. ^ a b c Henderstot, Steve; Lapetino, Tim (15 November 2017). Undisputed Street Fighter: The Art And Innovation Behind The Game-Changing Series. Dynamite Entertainment. ISBN 978-1-5241-0469-6.
  5. ^ Studio Bent Stuff. All About Capcom Head-to-Head Fighting Games (in Japanese). p. .pg.275.
  6. ^ a b "The origin of Dee Jay, straight from creator James Goddard".
  7. ^ a b "Fighting Spirits: The Men Behind the Combos - Page 1". GameSpy. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  8. ^ Williamson, Matt (29 October 1993). "STREET FIGHTERS DOWN FOR THE COUNT", Rocky Mountain News. Retrieved on 18 December 2008
  9. ^ Top 20 Street Fighter Characters of All Time. GameDaily. Retrieved on 12 November 2008.
  10. ^ Maddox, Dante. "Final Five Street Fighter IV Characters Revealed!". CraveOnline.com. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  11. ^ House, Matthew (5 May 1999). "Street Fighter Alpha 3 - Review". allgame. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  12. ^ Schedeen, Jesse (7 July 2010). "Videogame Heroes Report Card - Stars Feature at IGN". Stars.ign.com. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
  13. ^ Thomsen, Michael (23 October 2009). "Super Street Fighter IV In-Depth - PlayStation 3 Preview at IGN". Ps3.ign.com. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
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  18. ^ Gray, Kishonna L. (21 March 2014). Race, Gender, and Deviance in Xbox Live: Theoretical Perspectives from the Virtual Margins. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-323-29625-0.
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