List of United States state legislatures: Difference between revisions

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This is a list of United States state legislatures. Each state in the United States has a legislature as part of its form of civil government. Most of the fundamental details of the legislature are specified in the state constitution. With the exception of Nebraska, all state legislatures are bicameral bodies, composed of a lower house (Assembly, General Assembly, State Assembly, House of Delegates, or House of Representatives) and an upper house (Senate). The United States also has one federal district and five non-state territories with local legislative branches, which are listed below. Among the states, the Nebraska Legislature is the only state with a unicameral body. However, three other jurisdictions – the District of Columbia, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands – also have unicameral bodies.

The exact names, dates, term lengths, term limits, electoral systems, electoral districts, and other details are determined by the individual states' laws.

Party summary

Party control of legislatures
Republican-controlled legislatures	30
Democratic-controlled legislatures	18
Split legislatures^[1]	2
Total	50

Note: A party with a numerical majority in a chamber may be forced to share power with other parties due to informal coalitions or may cede power outright because of divisions within its caucus.

Party control of state governments
Republican-controlled governments	23
Democratic-controlled governments	15
Democratic governor/Republican-controlled legislature	7
Republican governor/Democratic-controlled legislature	3
Democratic governor/Split legislature	1
Republican governor/Split legislature	1
Total	50

Statistics

State legislators by party

As of November 30, 2020^[update]

Party	Lower house^[2]	Upper house^[3]	Total
Republican (R)	2,784 (51.45%)	1,084 (54.97%)	3,868 (52.39%)
Democratic (D)	2,565 (47.4%)	874 (44.32%)	3,439 (46.58%)
Independent (I)^†	21 (0.39%)	2 (0.1%)	23 (0.31%)
Progressive [VT] (P)	7 (0.13%)	2 (0.1%)	9 (0.12%)
Alliance (A)	1 (0.02%)	0 (0%)	1 (0.01%)
Libertarian (L)	1 (0.02%)	0 (0%)	1 (0.01%)
Vacant	32 (0.59%)	10 (0.51%)	42 (0.57%)
Total	5,411	1,972	7,383

^† Includes legislators who are listed officially as unaffiliated, unenrolled, nonpartisan, etc.

State legislatures

As of December 7, 2020^[update]^[4]

State	State executive	Legislature name	Lower house			Upper house
State	State executive	Legislature name	Name	Party strength	Term (yrs.)	Name	Party strength	Term (yrs.)
Alabama	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 75–28, 1 vac	4	State Senate	R 27–8	4
Alaska	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 21–16, 3 ind	2	Senate	R 13–7	4
Arizona	Governor	State Legislature	House of Representatives	R 31-29	2	Senate	R 16–14	2
Arkansas	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 78–22	2	Senate	R 28–7	4
California	Governor	State Legislature^{[nb 1]}	State Assembly	D 60–19, 1 ind	2	State Senate	D 31-9	4
Colorado	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	D 41–24	2	Senate	D 20–15	4
Connecticut	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	D 97–54	2	Senate	D 24–12	2
Delaware	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	D 26–15	2	Senate	D 14–7	4
Florida	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 78–42	2	Senate	R 24–16	4
Georgia	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 103–77	2	State Senate	R 34–22	2
Hawaii	Governor	State Legislature	House of Representatives	D 47–4	2	Senate	D 24–1	4
Idaho	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 58–12	2	Senate	R 28–7	2
Illinois	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	D 73–45	2	Senate	D 41–18	2 or 4
Indiana	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 71–29	2	Senate	R 38–11, 1 vac	4
Iowa	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 59–41	2	Senate	R 32–18	4
Kansas	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 86–39	2	Senate	R 29–11	4
Kentucky	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 75–25	2	Senate	R 30–8	4
Louisiana	Governor	State Legislature^{[nb 2]}	House of Representatives	R 68–35, 2 ind	4	State Senate	R 27–12	4
Maine	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	D 80-67, 4 ind^{[nb 3]}	2	Senate	D 21–14	2
Maryland	Governor	General Assembly	House of Delegates	D 99–42	4	Senate	D 32–14, 1 vac	4
Massachusetts	Governor	General Court	House of Representatives	D 129–30, 1 ind	2	Senate	D 37–3	2
Michigan	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 58–51, 1 vac	2	Senate	R 22–16	4
Minnesota	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	D 70–64	2	Senate	R 34–31, 2 ind.	2, 4, 4
Mississippi	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 73–45, 1 Ind, 3 vac	4	State Senate	R 34-16, 2 vac	4
Missouri	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 114–49	2	Senate	R 24–10	4
Montana	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 67–33	2	Senate	R 31–18, 1 vac	4
Nebraska	Governor	Legislature	(Unicameral)			Legislature^{[nb 4]}	R 30–19^{[nb 5]}	4
Nevada	Governor	Legislature	Assembly	D 26–16	2	Senate	D 12–9	4
New Hampshire	Governor	General Court	House of Representatives	R 212–187, 1 vac	2	Senate	R 14–10	2
New Jersey	Governor	Legislature	General Assembly	D 52–28	2	Senate	D 25–15	2, 4, 4
New Mexico	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	D 44–25, 1 ind	2	Senate	D 27–15	4
New York	Governor	Legislature	State Assembly	D 106–43, 1 ind	2	State Senate	D 43–20	2
North Carolina	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 69–51	2	Senate	R 28–22	2
North Dakota	Governor	Legislative Assembly	House of Representatives	R 80–14	4	Senate	R 40–17	4
Ohio	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 64–35	2	Senate	R 25–8	4
Oklahoma	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 82–19	2	Senate	R 39–9	4
Oregon	Governor	Legislative Assembly	House of Representatives	D 37–23	2	State Senate	D 17–13	4
Pennsylvania	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 112–90, 1 vac	2	State Senate	R 27–21, 1 ind, 1 vac	4
Rhode Island	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	D 65–10	2	Senate	D 33–5	2
South Carolina	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 81–43	2	Senate	R 30–16	4
South Dakota	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 62–8	2	Senate	R 32–3	2
Tennessee	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	R 73–26	2	Senate	R 27–6	4
Texas	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 83–67	2	Senate	R 18–13	4
Utah	Governor	State Legislature^{[nb 6]}	House of Representatives	R 58–17	2	Senate	R 23–6	4
Vermont	Governor	General Assembly	House of Representatives	D 92–47, 7 prog, 4 ind	2	Senate	D 21–7, 2 P	2
Virginia	Governor	General Assembly	House of Delegates	D 53–45, 2 vac	2	Senate	D 21–19	4
Washington	Governor	State Legislature^{[nb 7]}	House of Representatives	D 57–41	2	State Senate	D 29–20	4
West Virginia	Governor	Legislature	House of Delegates	R 77–23	2	Senate	R 23–11	4
Wisconsin	Governor	Legislature	State Assembly	R 61–38	2	State Senate	R 21–12	4
Wyoming	Governor	Legislature	House of Representatives	R 51–7, 1 Ind, 1 Lib	2	Senate	R 28–2	4

Federal district and territorial legislatures

Federal district or territory	Governor	Name	Lower house			Upper house
Federal district or territory	Governor	Name	Name	Party strength	Term (years)	Name	Party strength	Term (years)
American Samoa	Governor	Fono	House of Representatives	NP 20 (+ NV 1)	2	Senate	NP 18	4
District of Columbia	Mayor	Council	(Unicameral)			Council	D 11–0, 2 I	4
Guam	Governor	Legislature	(Unicameral)			Legislature	D 8–7	2
Northern Mariana Islands	Governor	Commonwealth Legislature	House of Representatives	R 9–8, 3 I	2	Senate	R 5–1, 3 I	4
Puerto Rico	Governor	Asamblea Legislativa	Cámara de Representantes	PPD 26–21, 2 MVC, 1 PIP, 1 PD^{[nb 8]}	4	Senado	PPD 13–9, 2 MVC, 1 PIP, 1 PD, 1 I	4
United States Virgin Islands	Governor	Legislature	(Unicameral)			Legislature	D 10–0, 5 I	2

Popular Democratic (PPD) legislators	39
Democratic (D) legislators	38
New Progressive (PNP) legislators	30
Republican (R) legislators	21
Citizen's Victory Movement (MVC) legislators	4
Puerto Rican Independence (PIP) legislators	2
Project Dignity (PD) legislators	2
Independent (I) and nonpartisan (NP) legislators	52
Non-voting (NV) delegate (Swains Island)	1
Total	189

Notes

^ The Constitution of California names it the "California Legislature", but the Legislature brands itself as the “California State Legislature”.
^ The Constitution of Louisiana vests legislative authority in "a legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives," and refers to it as "the legislature" throughout, without officially designating a term for the two houses together. However, the two bodies do use the term "Louisiana State Legislature" in official references to itself.
^ There are 3 additional non-voting seats allocated to sovereign tribal nations within Maine. Since 2018, only one seat (belonging to the Passamaquoddy) is filled; the tribal representavtive is a Democrat but is not counted in this total.
^ When Nebraska switched to a unicameral legislature in 1937, the lower house was abolished. All current Nebraskan legislators are referred to as “Senators”, as the pre-1937 senate was the retained house.
^ Nebraska's legislature is de jure nonpartisan but senators' political affiliations are publicly known and voting often happens along party lines; the de facto composition is given here.
^ The Constitution of Utah names it the "Legislature of the State of Utah", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Utah State Legislature".
^ The Constitution of Washington names it "the legislature of the state of Washington", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Washington State Legislature".
^ The ruling parties of Puerto Rico are separate from the Republican and Democratic parties.

References

^ “Split” in the sense that each of the two chambers are controlled by a different party (e.g., a Democratic Senate and Republican House) or one chamber is evenly split between parties (and thus "hung". The Nebraska legislature, though officially nonpartisan, is de facto Republican-controlled, and listed as such.
^ "Partisan composition of state houses". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
^ "Partisan composition of state senates". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
^ "Partisan Composition of State Legislatures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 7, 2020.

External links

National Conference of State Legislatures

[5] The Constitution of California names it the "California Legislature", but the Legislature brands itself as the “California State Legislature”.

[6] The Constitution of Louisiana vests legislative authority in "a legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives," and refers to it as "the legislature" throughout, without officially designating a term for the two houses together. However, the two bodies do use the term "Louisiana State Legislature" in official references to itself.

[7] There are 3 additional non-voting seats allocated to sovereign tribal nations within Maine. Since 2018, only one seat (belonging to the Passamaquoddy) is filled; the tribal representavtive is a Democrat but is not counted in this total.

[8] When Nebraska switched to a unicameral legislature in 1937, the lower house was abolished. All current Nebraskan legislators are referred to as “Senators”, as the pre-1937 senate was the retained house.

[9] Nebraska's legislature is de jure nonpartisan but senators' political affiliations are publicly known and voting often happens along party lines; the de facto composition is given here.

[10] The Constitution of Utah names it the "Legislature of the State of Utah", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Utah State Legislature".

[11] The Constitution of Washington names it "the legislature of the state of Washington", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Washington State Legislature".

[12] The ruling parties of Puerto Rico are separate from the Republican and Democratic parties.

[1] “Split” in the sense that each of the two chambers are controlled by a different party (e.g., a Democratic Senate and Republican House) or one chamber is evenly split between parties (and thus "hung". The Nebraska legislature, though officially nonpartisan, is de facto Republican-controlled, and listed as such.

[2] "Partisan composition of state houses". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.

[3] "Partisan composition of state senates". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.

[4] "Partisan Composition of State Legislatures". Ballotpedia. Retrieved December 7, 2020.

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@@ Line 125: / Line 125: @@
 | [[Alabama]] || {{party shading/Republican}}| [[Governor of Alabama|Governor]] ||{{party shading/Republican}}| [[Alabama Legislature|Legislature]] || [[Alabama House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| {{sort|320|R 75–28, 1 vac}}|| 4 || [[Alabama Senate|State Senate]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| {{sort|212|R 27–8}}  || 4
 |-
-| [[Alaska]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| [[Governor of Alaska|Governor]] || {{party shading/American}}| [[Alaska Legislature|Legislature]] || [[Alaska House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] || {{Party shading/American}}| {{sort|300|R 21–15, 4 ind}} || 2 || [[Alaska Senate|Senate]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| {{sort|300|R 13–7}} || 4
+| [[Alaska]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| [[Governor of Alaska|Governor]] || {{party shading/American}}| [[Alaska Legislature|Legislature]] || [[Alaska House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] || {{Party shading/American}}| {{sort|300|R 21–16, 3 ind}} || 2 || [[Alaska Senate|Senate]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| {{sort|300|R 13–7}} || 4
 |-
 | [[Arizona]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| [[Governor of Arizona|Governor]] || {{party shading/Republican}}| [[Arizona State Legislature|State Legislature]] || [[Arizona House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| {{sort|417|R 31-29}} || 2 || [[Arizona Senate|Senate]] || {{Party shading/Republican}}| {{sort|325|R 16–14}} || 2

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