Shirt: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Shirt.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Business shirt]] |
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== NOTHING == |
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A '''shirt''' is a cloth garment for the upper body. Originally an item of [[Undergarment|underwear]] worn exclusively by men, it has become in [[American English]] a catch-all term for almost any upper-body garment other than outerwear such as [[sweater]]s or [[Coat (clothing)|coats]], or undergarments such as [[brassiere|bras]] (the term "top" is sometimes used in ladieswear). In [[British English]], a shirt is more specifically a garment with a [[collar (clothing)|collar]], sleeves with [[cuff]]s, and a full vertical opening with buttons; what is known in American English as a [[dress shirt]].<br /> |
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HUIFHFIUHEHIFJG3HJIHGKHGKHKGHGIHjifujgoijugggggggfggggggggggggggggggggggggFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)[[Special:Contributions/76.250.200.144|76.250.200.144]] ([[User talk:76.250.200.144|talk]]) 00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@###########################GHJ$M$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&{{*******************************************(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((())))))))))))))))))))))))))? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????PPPPPPPPP??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? |
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== History == |
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The world's oldest preserved garment, discovered by [[Flinders Petrie]], is a "highly sophisticated" linen shirt from a First Dynasty Egyptian tomb at Tarkan, ''ca.'' 3000B.C. : "the shoulders and sleeves have been finely pleated to give form-fitting trimness while allowing the wearer room to move. The small fringe formed during weaving along one edge of the cloth has been placed by the designer to decorate the neck opening and side seam." <ref>Barber, Elizabeth Wayland (1994). ''Women's Work. The first 20,000 Years'', p.135.Norton & Company, New York. ISBN 0393313484</ref> |
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The shirt was an item of men's underwear until the [[20th century|twentieth century]].<ref>William L. Brown III, "Some Thoughts on Men's Shirts in America, 1750-1900", Thomas Publications, Gettysburg, PA 1999. ISBN 1-57747-048-6, p. 7</ref> Although the woman's [[chemise]] was a closely related garment to the man's<ref>Dorothy K. Burnham, "Cut My Cote", Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario 1973. ISBN 0-88854-046-9, p. 14</ref>, it is the man's garment that became the modern shirt. In the [[Middle Ages|middle ages]] it was a plain, undyed garment worn next to the skin and under regular garments. In medieval artworks, the shirt is only visible (uncovered) on humble characters, such as [[shepherd]]s, prisoners, and [[Penance|penitents]].<ref>C. Willet and Phillis Cunnington, "The History of Underclothes", Dover Publications Inc., New York 1992. ISBN 0-486-27124-2 pp. 23-25</ref> In the [[17th century|seventeenth century]] men's shirts were allowed to show, with much the same [[Eroticism|erotic]] import as visible underwear today.<ref>C. Willet and Phillis Cunnington, "The History of Underclothes", Dover Publications Inc., New York 1992. ISBN 0-486-27124-2 pp. 54</ref> In the eighteenth century, instead of underpants, men "relied on the long tails of shirts ... to serve the function of drawers.<ref>Linda Baumgarten, "What Clothes Reveal: The Language of Clothing in Colonial and Federal America", The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia, in association with the [[Yale University Press]], New Haven, Connecticut 2002, ISBN 0-300-09580-5, p. 27</ref> Eighteenth century costume historian [[Joseph Strutt]] believed that men who did not wear shirts to bed were indecent. <ref>Linda Baumgarten, "What Clothes Reveal: The Language of Clothing in Colonial and Federal America", The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia, in association with the [[Yale University Press]], New Haven, Connecticut 2002, ISBN 0-300-09580-5, pp. 20-22</ref> Even as late as 1879, a visible shirt with nothing over it was considered improper. <ref>William L. Brown III, "Some Thoughts on Men's Shirts in America, 1750-1900", Thomas Publications, Gettysburg, PA 1999. ISBN 1-57747-048-6, p. 7</ref> |
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==THE END== |
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The shirt sometimes had frills at the neck or cuffs. In the [[16th century|sixteenth century]], men's shirts often had [[embroidery]], and sometimes frills or [[lace]] at the neck and cuffs,<ref>C. Willet and Phillis Cunnington, "The History of Underclothes", Dover Publications Inc., New York 1992. ISBN 0-486-27124-2 pp. 36-39</ref> and through the [[18th century|eighteenth century]] long neck frills, or [[Jabot (neckwear)|jabots]], were fashionable.<ref>C. Willet and Phillis Cunnington, "The History of Underclothes", Dover Publications Inc., New York 1992. ISBN 0-486-27124-2 pp. 73</ref> Colored shirts begin to appear in the early [[19th century|nineteenth century]], as can be seen in the paintings of [[George Caleb Bingham]]. They were considered casual wear, for lower class workers only, until the twentieth century. For a gentleman, "to wear a sky-blue shirt was unthinkable in 1860 but had become standard by 1920 and, in 1980, constituted the most commonplace event."<ref>Michel Pastoureau and Jody Gladding (translator), "The Devil's Cloth: A History of Stripes", Columbia University Press, New York 2001 ISBN 0-7434-5326-3, p. 65</ref> |
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I HATE THE WORLD -FRED- |
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I LOVE JUDY+ THE NEIGHBORHOOD SQUIRELLS:) |
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European and American women began wearing shirts in 1861, when the "Garibaldi Blouse", a red shirt as worn by the freedom fighters under [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]], became fashionable.<ref>Anne Buck, "Victorian Costume", Ruth Bean Publishers, Carlton, Bedford, England 1984. ISBN 0-903585-17-0</ref> |
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:p- |
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== Types of shirt == |
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*[[Camp shirt]] — a loose, straight-cut, short sleeved shirt or blouse with a simple placket front-opening and a "camp collar." |
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*[[guayabera]] — an embroidered dress shirt with four pockets. |
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*[[T-shirt]] — also "tee shirt", a casual shirt without a collar or buttons, made of a stretchy, finely knit fabric, usually cotton, and usually short-sleeved. It is a common shirt for informal events. |
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**[[Ringer T-shirt]] — tee with a separate piece of fabric sewn on as the collar and sleeve hems. |
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**[[halfshirt]] — a high-hemmed t-shirt. |
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*** [[A-shirt]] or [[construction shirt]] or '''singlet''' (in [[British English]]) — essentially a sleeveless t-shirt with large armholes and a large neck hole, often worn by labourers or athletes for increased movability. Sometimes called a "[[wifebeater (shirt)|wife beater]]" when worn without a covering layer. |
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***[[camisole]] — woman's undershirt with narrow straps, or a similar garment worn alone (often with [[brassiere|bra]]). Also referred to as a '''cami''', '''shelf top''', '''spaghetti straps''' or '''strappy top'''. |
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*[[tennis shirt]], [[golf shirt]], or [[polo shirt]] — a v-neck shirt with a full collar; opening often closed with buttons or zipper running partway down the front. Short or long sleeve. Sometimes embroidered with club or designer insignia. Often worn with a [[sweater vest]]. |
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**[[rugby shirt]] — typically a rugged long-sleeved polo shirt, of thick cotton or wool. |
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**[[henley shirt]] — a collarless polo shirt. |
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*[[baseball shirt]] — usually distinguished by a three quarters sleeve, team insignia, and flat waistseam. |
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*[[sweatshirt]] — long-sleeved athletic shirt of heavier material, with or without [[Hood (headgear)|hood]]. |
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*[[tunic]] — primitive shirt, distinguished by two-piece construction. Initially a men's garment, is normally seen in modern times being worn by women. |
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*[[shirtwaist]] — historically (circa. 1890-1920) a woman's tailored shirt (also called a "tailored waist") cut like a man's dress shirt<ref>For example, see Laura I. Baldt, A.M., "Clothing for Women: Selection, Design and Construction", J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, PA 1924 (second edition), p. 312</ref>; in contemporary usage, a woman's dress cut like a men's dress shirt to the waist, then extended into dress length at the bottom |
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*[[nightshirt]] — often oversized, ruined or inexpensive light cloth undergarment shirt for [[sleep]]ing. |
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*[[sleeveless shirt]] — A shirt with no sleeves. Contains only neck, bottom hem, body, and sometimes shoulders depending on type. |
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**[[halter top]] — a shoulderless, sleeveless garment for women. It is mechanically analogous to an [[apron]] with a string around the back of the neck and across the lower back holding it in place. |
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Tops that would generally not be considered shirts: |
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* [[onesie]] or '''diaper shirt''' — a shirt for [[infant]]s which includes a long back that is wrapped between the legs and buttoned to the front of the shirt. |
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* [[sweater]]s — heavy knitted upper garments. |
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* [[jacket]]s, [[coat]]s and similar [[outerwear]] |
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* [[tube top]] (in [[American English]]) or '''boob tube''' (in [[British English]]) — a shoulderless, sleeveless "tube" that wraps the torso (not reaching higher than the armpit, staying in place by elasticity or by a single strap that is attached to the front of the tube. |
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== Parts of shirts == |
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Many terms are used to describe and differentiate types of shirts (and upper-body garments in general) and their construction. The smallest differences may have significance to a cultural or occupational group. Recently, (late 20th century) it has become common to use tops to carry messages or advertising. Many of these distinctions apply to other upper-body garments, such as [[coat]]s and [[sweaters]]. |
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=== Shoulders and arms === |
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*with no covering of the shoulders or arms — a [[tube top]] (not reaching higher than the armpits, staying in place by elasticity) |
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*with only shoulder straps, such as [[spaghetti strap]]s |
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*covering the shoulders, but without sleeves |
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*with short [[sleeve]]s, varying from cap sleeves (not extending below the armpit) to half sleeves (elbow length) |
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*with three-quarter-length sleeves (reaching to a point between the elbow and the wrist) |
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*with long sleeves, may further be distinguished by the [[cuff]]s: |
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**no [[button]]s — a [[closed placket cuff]] |
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**buttons (or analogous fasteners such as [[snaps]]) — single or multiple. A single button or pair aligned parallel with the [[cuff]] hem is considered a [[button cuff]]. Multiple buttons aligned perpendicular to the [[cuff]] hem, or parallel to the [[placket]] constitute a [[barrel cuff]]. |
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**buttonholes designed for [[cufflink]]s |
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***a [[French cuff]], where the end half of the [[cuff]] is folded over the [[cuff]] itself and fastened with a [[cufflink]]. This type of [[cuff]] has four buttons and a short [[placket]]. |
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***more formally, a [[link cuff]] — fastened like a [[French cuff]], except is not folded over, but instead hemmed, at the edge of the sleeve. |
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*asymmetrical designs, such as one-shoulder, one-sleeve or with sleeves of different lengths. |
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=== Lower hem of shirt === |
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*leaving the [[navel|belly button]] area [[bare]] (much more common for women than for men). See [[halfshirt]]. |
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*hanging to the [[waist]] |
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*covering the [[crotch]] |
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*covering part of the legs (essentially this is a [[dress]]; however, a piece of clothing is perceived either as a shirt (worn with [[trousers]]) or as a dress (in [[Western culture]] mainly worn by women)). |
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*going to the floor (as a pajama shirt) |
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=== Body === |
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*vertical opening on the front side, all the way down, with [[button]]s or [[zipper]]. When fastened with buttons, this opening is often called the [[Placket|placket front]]. |
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*similar opening, but in back. |
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*left and right front side not separable, put on over the head; with regard to upper front side opening: |
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**V-shaped permanent opening on the top of the front side |
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**no opening at the upper front side |
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**vertical opening on the upper front side with buttons or zipper |
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***men's shirts are often buttoned on the right whereas women's are often buttoned on the left. |
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=== Neck === |
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*with polo-neck |
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*with v-neck but no collar |
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*with plunging neck |
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*with open or tassel neck |
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*with [[collar (clothing)|collar]] |
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**[[windsor collar]] or '''spread collar''' — a dressier collar designed with a wide distance between points (the '''spread''') to accommodate the [[windsor knot]] tie. The standard business collar. |
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**[[tab collar]] — a collar with two small fabric tabs that fasten together behind a tie to maintain collar spread. |
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**[[wing collar]] — best suited for the bow tie, often only worn for very formal occasions. |
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**[[straight collar]] — or '''point collar''', a version of the [[windsor collar]] that is distinguished by a narrower spread to better accommodate the [[four-in-hand knot]], [[pratt knot]], and the [[half-windsor knot]]. A moderate dress collar. |
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**[[button-down collar]] — A collar with buttons that fasten the points or tips to a shirt. The most casual of collars worn with a tie. |
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**[[band collar]] — essentially the lower part of a normal collar, first used as the original collar to which a separate [[collarpiece]] was attached. Rarely seen in modern fashion. Also casual. |
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**[[Polo neck|turtle neck collar]] — A collar that covers most of the throat. |
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*without collar |
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=== Other features === |
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* '''[[pocket]]s''' — how many (if any), where, and with regard to closure: not closable, just a flap, or with a [[button]] or [[zipper]]. |
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* with or without [[Hood (headgear)|hood]] |
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Some combinations are not applicable, of course, e.g. a tube top cannot have a collar. |
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===Famous shirtmakers=== |
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* [[Luigi Borrelli|Borrelli]], [[Italy]] |
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* [[Charvet (shirtmaker)|Charvet]], [[France]] |
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* [[Hamilton Shirts|Hamilton]], [[USA]] |
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* [[Thomas Pink]], [[England]] |
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* [[Turnbull & Asser]], [[England]] |
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== Types of shirting Fabrics == |
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There are main two categories of [http://www.egport.com/products/shirting-fabrics/ Shirting Fabric] i.e. Natural Fibre and Man-Made Fibre (Synthetics or Petroleum based). |
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Some of Natural Fibre fabric are 100% cotton, Bamboo, Soya, now Organic Cotton widely used in making shirts of high quality. |
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Synthetics fibre are Polyester, Tencel, Viscose etc. These are easy care fabrics, some times low in cost. |
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Polyester mixed with cotton (Polycotton) and 100% cotton are most used in shirting fabrics. |
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==Shirts and politics== |
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[[Redshirts (Italy)|Redshirts]] was the name used by [[Garibaldi]]'s troops in [[Italian Unification]]. |
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In 1920s and 1930s, the [[fascism]] choose coloured shirts for made explicit its ideology: |
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*[[Black shirts]] was used by Italian [[fascio]], and in Britain, Finland and Germany (SS) |
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*[[Brownshirts]] was used by German nazis of SA |
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*[[Blueshirts]] was the name of the fascist mouvement in Ireland and Canada, and the colour of Spanish [[Falange Española]], French ''[[Solidarité Française]]'' and Chinese [[Blue Shirts Society]]. |
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*[[Greenshirts]] was used in Hungary, Romania and Brasil |
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*[[Camisas Doradas]] (golden shirts) in [[Mexico]] |
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*[[Silver Shirts]] in the United States of America |
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* Red [http://www.bientegomlek.com/ Shirt] in Turkey |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==See also== |
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{{wiktionary}} |
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* [[Phillips Van Heusen]] |
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* [[Cardigan (sweater)|Cardigan]] |
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* [[Jersey (clothing)|Jersey]] |
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* [[Jumper]] |
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* [[Bare chested]] |
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* [[First shirt]], nick-name for a [[First Sergeant]] |
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* [[Brownshirts]], known from the colour of their uniform of Sturmabteilung |
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* [[Curtain]] |
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* [[Dishrag]] |
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* [[Sleeveless shirt]] |
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* [[Jermyn Street]], home of the oldest English shirtmakers |
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* [[Blouse]] |
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{{Clothing}} |
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[[Category:Tops]] |
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[[gn:Kamisa'i]] |
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[[ca:Camisa]] |
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[[cs:Košile]] |
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[[da:Skjorte]] |
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[[de:Hemd]] |
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[[el:Πουκάμισο]] |
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[[es:Camisa]] |
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[[eo:Ĉemizo]] |
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[[eu:Alkandora]] |
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[[fr:Chemise (vêtement)]] |
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[[iu:ᐃᑭᐊᖅᖠᖅ/ikiaqłiq]] |
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[[it:Camicia]] |
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[[he:חולצה]] |
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[[ln:Simísi]] |
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[[nl:Overhemd]] |
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[[cr:ᐸᒎᔮᓐ]] |
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[[ja:シャツ]] |
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[[no:Skjorte]] |
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[[pt:Camisa]] |
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[[ru:Рубашка]] |
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[[scn:Cammisa]] |
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[[simple:Shirt]] |
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[[fi:Paita]] |
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[[sv:Skjorta]] |
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[[te:చొక్కా]] |
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[[yi:העמד]] |
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Revision as of 00:01, 3 December 2008
NOTHING
HUIFHFIUHEHIFJG3HJIHGKHGKHKGHGIHjifujgoijugggggggfggggggggggggggggggggggggFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)76.250.200.144 (talk) 00:01, 3 December 2008 (UTC)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@###########################GHJ$M$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&{{*******************************************(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((())))))))))))))))))))))))))? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????PPPPPPPPP???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
THE END
I HATE THE WORLD -FRED- I LOVE JUDY+ THE NEIGHBORHOOD SQUIRELLS:)
- p-